Eating Disorder
- 1. Name Eating Disorder Md. Sabbir Hossain Institution Mawla Bhashani Science and Technology University Food Technology and Nutritional Science
- 2. Eating Disorder Eating Disorder is a mental illness that is described as the irregular eating habits in addition to the unusal overly concern about the body weight and shape. It has the highest mortality rate over any other psychiatric disorder
- 3. Eating Disorder Statistics 7000 every year in Eating disorder 1/10 Men suffer from Eating Disorder 1/5 women suffer from Eating Disorder 95%Eating disorder age between 12-25. Among them of People withPeople die 42% Girls want to be thinner 52% Of high school girl fast or skip meal
- 4. 86 % Eating Disorder rate among different age of people 10% Diagnosed less than 10 years of age Patients are diagnosed as preteen and adolescent upto the age of 15 33% 86% Patients are diagnosed with eating disorder before the age of 20
- 5. Causes of Eating Disorder Psychological Factor • Low self-esteem • Feeling of inadequacy, lack of control in life • Depression, anxiety, strees ,loneliness, trauma Interpersonal Factor Biological Factor • Genetics • Irregular hormone functions • Troubled relationships • Difficulty expressing emotions • Hx of being teased based on shape/weight • Hx of physical or sexual abuse
- 6. Causes of Eating Disorder • Cultural pressure that glorify “thinness or muscularity and place value on obtaining “perfect body” • Narrow definition of beauty • Cultural norms that value people on the basis of physical appearance and not inner qualities and strength Others • Inappropriate food consumption pattern • Using smartphone while eating • Forcibly feeding Cultural Factor
- 7. Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder Rumination Disorder Pica 1 2 3 4 5 6 Night Eating Disorder Types of Eating Disorder Avoid food due to the fear of getting fat Eat large amount of food at a time and then compensate or purge Eat large amount of food at a time but don’t purge Eat large amount of food in the evening and throughout the night Eating things that are not considered as food. Such as ice, dirt, soil, chalk etc A condition in which a person regurgitates food they have previously chewed and swallowed, re-chews it, and then either re-swallows it or spits it out
- 8. The male and female who is suffering from anorexia have a disorted body image, which makes them see themselves as overweight even when they are dangerously thin. Anorexia Nervosa • People with anorexia limit the quantity of food they eat to maintain a body weight that is below a minimal normal level of age, sex and physical health. • Anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate of any mental disorder. • Anorexia are more likely to be female 90-95% .
- 9. Sign and Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa A distorted view of body weight, size and shape Sees self as a fat even when very underweight Obsessively counting calories or gram of fat in the diet Denial of feeling hunger Compulsive or excessive exercise Pronounced emotional changes such as irritability, depression and anxiety
- 10. Nervosa Effect of Anorexia BRAIN Preoccupation with food and weight,anxiety, depression MOUTH THROAT HEART STOMACH INTESTINES HORMONES KIDNEYS SKIN MUSCLES Erosion of dental enamel, swollen jaw, bad breath, gum disease, tooth decay Chronic sore throat, indigestion,inflamed or repture of oesophagus Irregular or slow heart beat, cardiac arrest, heart failure, low blood presuure Ulcer, pain, stomach rupture Bowel problems, constipation,diarrhea,cramps Irregular or absent of periods, loss of libido, infertility dehydration Calluses on knuckles, dry skin Fatique, cramps caused by electrolyte imbalance, tiredness, lethargy
- 11. • People with bulimia frequently eat usually large amount of food in a specific period of time and then purge • 80% bulimic are female It is characterized by a cycle of bingeing and purging behaviors such as force vomiting ,fasting, laxatives, diuretics, enemas and excessive exercise Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating cycle Deprivation, food obsession Binging,mindles s,overeating Guilt and shame Desperate to be in control again Search for a better diet Begin diet
- 12. Sign and Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa Recurrent episodes of binge eating with a feeling of lack of control Eating large amount food with no apperant change Recurrent episodes of inappropriate purging behavior to prevent weight Excessive exercise to prevent weight Frequent tips to the bathroom after meals
- 13. Nervosa Effect of Bulimia BRAIN Preoccupation with food and weight,anxiety, depression MOUTH THROAT & ESOPHAGUS HEART STOMACH INTESTINES HORMONES KIDNEYS SKIN MUSCLES Cavities, tooth enamel erosion, cheeks swelling teeth sensitive to hot and cold foods Sore,irritated, can tear and rupture, blood vomit Irregular heart beat cardiac arrest, heart failure, low pulse and blood pressure Ulcer, pain, stomach rupture, delayed emptying Bowel problems, constipation,diarrhea,cramps Irregular or absent of periods Problems grom diuretic abuse abrasion on knuckles, dry skin Fatique, BODY FLUID Dehydration, low potassium, sodium, magnessium
- 14. Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is described by consuming larger amount of food than normal people usually eat in the same period of time and circumstances, the person generally lose the control over his or her eating Binge Eating Disorder (BED) • Unlike bulimia nervosa, periods of binge eating are not followed by purging, excessive exercise or fasting. As a result people with binge eating disorder often are overweight or obese • 60 binge eating disorder are female
- 15. Sign and Symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder Eating large amount of food rapidly Eating food until comfortably full Consuming large amount of food, when even not feeling physically hungry Consuming alone to avoid embrassement or feeling disgusted or guily after the eating event No use of purging behaviors such as calorie restriction,vomiting,exercise 1 2 3 4 5
- 16. Eating Effect of Binge BODY Weight gain, fatique, lethargy BRAIN THROAT HEART STOMACH GALLBLADDER PANCREAS KIDNEYS BONES Sleep apnoea High blood pressure, high cholesterol, strock, heart attack Ulcer, pain, stomach rupture Galbladder disease Types 2 diabetes Chronic kidney problem, kidney failure osteoarthritis Disorder Low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, guilt, distressed by behaviour
- 17. Complications A eating disorded person with diabetes, typically type 1 diabetes ,where in the person purposely restricts insulin in order lose weight (National Eating Disorder Association, 2018) Diabulimia • Diabulimia is considered the most dangerous eating disorder ,but sad thing is that diabulimia is not an official eating disorder
- 18. This means If a diabetic begins insulin manipulation at the age of 17, she could be totally blind, suffering terrible nerve pain or anticipating kidney transplant by her mid- 20s Medical complication of diabetes such as vision loss, kidney failure escalate dramatically. The mortality rate for these young women escalates to 35% Manipulating insulin as a form of weight control places their health and lives in extreme jeopardy Diabetes is already hard on the body, add anorexia to the mix and it goes from merely hard to horrific Consequences of Diabulimia
- 19. Re-feeding Syndrome is one of the most prevalent complications characterized by the inability of the body to cope with the extreme change in metabolic function. Re-feeding Syndrome
- 20. Assemble your treatment team Address health problems A long term treatment Learn self help stratigies 1 2 3 4 Treatment of Eating Disorder • Effective treatment not only address your symtoms and destructive eating habits but also address the root cause of the problems that lead to disordered eating and difficulty coping with stress, anxiety, fear , sadness. The following steps involve for the treatment of eating disorder
- 21. Assemble your treatment team 1 Treatment teams • Family • Trained volunteer or social worker • People who recovered from eating disorder • Nutritionist • Psychologist • Psychiatrist • Physician • Fitness consultant Non Professional Professional
- 22. Address health problems 2 • Eating disorder can be deadly and not just if you’re drastically underweight, your health may be in danger,even if you only occasionally fast, binge or purge.so it is important to get a full medical evaluation. • If the evaluation reveals health problem they should take priority. • If you’re suffering from any life threatening problem, you may need to be hospitalized in order to keep you safe.
- 23. A long term treatment 3 Once your health problems are under control, you and your treatment teams can work a long term recovery plan. This includes … (a) Individual therapy This therapy can help to • Improve your self-esteem • Learn healthy way of responding to stress and emotional pain
- 24. (b) Family therapy A long term treatment3 • Family therapy can help your family members how the eating disorder affecting your relationship. • Together they will work to improve communication, respect and support. (c) Nutritional therapy • The goal of nutritionist or dietatian is to help you incorporate healthy eating behavior into your every life. • Nutritionist can’t change your habits overnight, but over a period of time you can learn to develop a healthier relation with food .
- 25. (d) Medical monitoring A long term treatment3 • Treatment will include monitoring by a doctor to make sure wheather you are in danger. • This may include blood test, ECG and other health screening. (d) Residential treatment • In rare case, you may need more support than can be provided on a outpatient basis • The goal is to get you stable enough to continue treatment at home.
- 26. (f) Fitness therapy • It will help you to reduce anxiety, stress, depression. • It will help you to build self-esteem and sharpen memory. • It will lessen muscle loss and fatique. • It will make you happier and provide quality of life . A long term treatment3
- 27. Learn self help stratigies 4 Tips 1 Learn healthier way of cope with emotional pain Here are few suggestion to get started • Write in a journal • Go to movies • Get out into nature • Do something helpful to someone else • Call a friend • Listen to music • Play with pet • Read a good book
- 28. Tips 2 Develop a balance relationship with food • Let go rigid eating rules • Don’t diet all the time • Don’t skip meal • Learn to listen your body Tips 3 Learn to accept and love yourself as you are • Placing too much importance on how you look leads to low self-esteem • Make a list of your positive qualities • Stop body checking and avoid fat talk • Dress for yourself, not others • Stop comparing with others • Stay active Learn self help stratigies4
- 29. Tips 4 Avoid relapse • Develop a solid support system • Identify your ‘triggers” • Fill your live with positive thoughts • If you lapse don’t beat yourself up Learn self help stratigies4
- 30. Do’s and Don’ts for Parents Eat together Keep conversations positive during meals Try to reduce stress and “food talk” at the table Distract after meals Plan ahead Do 1 2 54 3
- 31. Do’s and Don’ts for Parents Don’t talk about portion size or treatment Don’t use food as reward or punishment Don’t label food as good or bad Avoid ‘health” or fashion magazine Don’t make your child feel guilty Don’t 1 2 54 3
- 32. Conclusion Story of Brittany Burgunder (Mental health advocate) “No food will ever hurt you as much as unhealthy mind” 25kg 95kg 56kg
- 33. Thank you for your kind attention