Fire emergency procedure
- 1. 1 FIRE EMERGENCY PROCEDURE (Code Red) (Ext: 000)
- 2. What is Fire ? • Fire is the chemical reaction between oxygen and fuel in the presence of Heat at the requisite Temperature which results into production of heat and light. -Also called as combustion or burning process. 2
- 3. 3 How Does A Fire Work? Three components- O2- present in large amount in atmosphere (21%) , fire needs only 8% Fuel- many solids, liquids and gases e.g. paper, cloth, wood, oil, petrol, paint, spirits, Lpg Heat- from spark or open flames Need all three components to start a fire.
- 4. 4 How to extinguish fire? /Methods
- 5. Methods Of Extinguishing Fire • Smothering- Removing/Lowering Oxygen Level below 8% by - - using fire blankets, dry chemical powder or soil, foam - dilution of O2 with inert gases like CO2 or halons • Starvation- Removal of fuel by- physical manipulation or separation • Cooling- Absorption of heat by using water, water mist, fog 5
- 6. Classification Of Fire 6 Class A- Ordinary solids like wood, paper, cloth, trash, plastics, solids that are not metals. Class B- Flammable liquids like Petrol, oil, grease, paint, acids, ethers, spirits, organic solvents Class C- Flammable gases like Lpg, acetylene, Cng Class D- Metals Fire & Live Electronics Equipment Magnesium, Titanium, Lithium, Sodium
- 7. Causes Of Fire In Hospital 7 • Smoking materials • Electronic, office and entertainment equipments • Medical equipments - oxygen and radiological equipments • Cloth washers and dryers • Heating equipments – boilers, incinerators, electrical stoves • Electrical distribution and lighting equipments • Contained trash and debris • Cooking equipments • Intentional cause
- 8. Extinguishing Media 8 Different types of fire extinguishing media are used to fight different classes of fire. 1. Water- for Class A fire only 2. Mechanical Foam- for Class A & Class B fire 3. CO2- for all Classes of fire A, B, C, D 4. Dry Chemical Powder- for Class A, Class B and Class C type fires
- 9. Fire Protection Systems • Fire Fighting System- A) Hand appliances- e.g. sand buckets, fire extinguishers B) Fixed fire fighting system- e.g. fire pumps, fire hydrant valves, rubber hose reels, hose boxes, sprinkler system • Fire Alarm System- e.g. control panel, smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual call points • Public Addressing System- e.g. Mike and Speakers - 9
- 10. Fire Protection System 10 Smoke Detector Fire Hydrant Valves Sprinkler System Hose Boxes Manual call point Rubber hose reel
- 11. Fire Extinguishers 11 A AB ABC ABCD
- 12. What Is Fire Extinguisher? • Extinguisher is handy, portable fire fighting appliance with limited capacities of fire extinguishing media and used as a First Aid on certain types of fire in initial stages. • Used in the intermediate between discovery of fire and arrival of professional fire fighters. 12
- 13. 13 How To Use A Fire Extinguisher? P A S S P: Pull the safety pin. A: Aim extinguisher nozzle at the base of the flame. S: Squeeze grip while holding the extinguisher upright. S: Sweep the tube from side to side, covering the area with the extinguishing agent.
- 14. There Is A What Should I Do? • Upon discovering a fire, immediately Shout loudly “Fire ! Fire !! ” so that nearby staff will reach for help. • If fire is small, ‘Pick up fire extinguisher from the closest fire point’ and start fire fighting before reaching of the fire fighting team (ERT). 14
- 16. 16 If Help Not Available • Dial “000” and notify the fire emergency . • Provide your Name, Department, and Location of the fire. • Operator will inform to ERT (Emergency Response Team). • Evacuate the affected place if fire increases. • Try to Extinguish Fire with the help of Extinguisher.
- 17. 17 • Ask him to Dial “000” and notify the fire emergency. Provide your Name, Department and Location of the fire. • Second responder shall take help from same floor & evacuate the staff from affected area. • He shall Cordon the area, restrict movement, & assist the first responder. If Help Available
- 18. 18 • After Receiving the call, fire fighting team will immediately reach at the location of fire & start extinguishing the fire. • Telephone operator will announce Code Red with location through PA System three times ( *only incase of major fire & with permission or Authorization of Fire & Safety Officer/Chief Operations Officer.) • Staff will be evacuated from affected area to safe location of same floor (or as per the requirement). Action
- 19. Action • Requirement of oxygen supply cut off In affected area will be assessed and decision will be taken accordingly. • Clinical staff will do alternate arrangement before cut off the oxygen supply for patients. • Stretchers, beds, wheel chairs & space for putting beds will be arranged incase there is need for patient evacuation. 19
- 20. • In case of Major fire or If the fire is not extinguished , the Fire & Safety Officer will take decision of evacuation depending on the extent of fire. 20 Evacuation
- 21. Types of Evacuation • Horizontal Evacuation (on same floor) • Vertical Evacuation (2 floor up 1 floor down) • Full Evacuation 21
- 22. Evacuation Guidelines • Safely stop your work and gather your personal belongings if it is safe. • If safe, close your room doors and windows, but do not lock them and proceed to assembly point. • Stay calm; do not run; walk fast and do not panic. • Use the nearest safe stairs and proceed to the nearest exit. Do not use the elevator/lift. • Wait for instructions from emergency responders at assembly point. • Do not re-enter the building or work area until you have been instructed to do so by the emergency responders. • Do not leave assembly area until all clear is given by the operation manager. 22
- 23. Assembly Point • Upper Parking Area of the extension building is the common gathering point (Assembly Area). • The Fire & Safety Manager will issue the “All Clear” when the building is deemed safe. 23
- 24. Questions 24
- 25. THANK YOU & ALL THE BEST 25