Flow and Error Control Protocols SnW, SnW ARQ, Goback-N ARQ, Selective R ARQ
- 1. Flow and Error control Protocols Contributions - ❏ Shubham Singh (22BCY10185) ❏ Rohan Mishra (22BCY10173) ❏ Anipra Pandya (22BCY10172) ❏ Priyanshu Gautam (22BCY10141) ❏ Adhil Ali (22BCY10163) Stop and Wait, Stop and Wait ARQ Go back-N ARQ, Selective repeat ARQ.
- 2. Introduction ● What are Flow and Error Control Protocols? ○ Flow Control: Manages the pace of data transmission to avoid receiver overflow. ○ Error Control: Ensures data integrity through error detection and correction techniques. ○ Key Protocols: Stop and Wait, Stop and Wait ARQ, Go-back-N ARQ, and Selective Repeat ARQ. ● Why Are They Important? ○ Provide reliable communication in networks prone to errors or delays. ○ Enhance the efficiency and robustness of data transfer. Shubham Singh
- 3. Stop and Wait Protocol Overview: ● Sender transmits one frame, then waits for an acknowledgment before sending the next. ● Simple but has significant idle time during waiting. Advantages: ● Easy to implement. ● Low resource requirement. Disadvantages: ● Inefficient for high-latency networks. ● Poor utilization of bandwidth. Shubham Singh
- 4. Stop and Wait ARQ ● Overview: ○ Extends Stop and Wait by adding error-checking and retransmission. ○ Timeout mechanism ensures lost or corrupted frames are retransmitted. ● Advantages: ○ Guarantees reliable delivery even in error-prone channels. ○ Simple error-handling mechanism. ● Disadvantages: ○ Still suffers from high latency and low throughput. ○ Inefficient for large data transmissions. Rohan Mishra
- 5. Go-back-N ARQ ● Overview: ○ Allows sending of multiple frames within a window size without waiting for individual ACKs. ○ Retransmits all frames from the point of error onward. ● Advantages: ○ Improves bandwidth utilization compared to Stop and Wait. ○ Reduces idle time for the sender. ● Disadvantages: ○ Inefficient for high error rates due to redundant retransmissions. ● Use Cases: Ideal for moderate-speed, reliable networks. Rohan Mishra
- 6. Go-back-N ARQ Diagram Rohan Mishra
- 7. Selective Repeat ARQ Overview: ● Only the erroneous frames are retransmitted, not the entire window. ● Receiver stores out-of-order frames until the missing one is received. Advantages: ● Higher efficiency and better bandwidth utilization. ● Suitable for high-speed networks. Disadvantages: ● Increased complexity in buffering and sequence management. ● Requires additional memory and processing power. Use Cases: Real-time applications requiring minimal retransmissions. Priyanshu Gautam
- 8. Selective ARQ Diagram Priyanshu Gautam
- 9. Comparison of Protocols Priyanshu Gautam
- 10. Real-World Applications Stop and Wait Protocol ● Use Cases: ○ Simple IoT communication systems. ○ Basic remote sensors with low data throughput requirements. ● Example: Temperature sensors transmitting periodic data. Stop and Wait ARQ ● Use Cases: ○ Wireless communication with moderate error rates. ○ Basic email transmission over error-prone networks. ● Example: Messaging apps with small payload sizes. Anipra Pandya 22BCY10172
- 11. Real-World Applications (Cont.) Go-back-N ARQ ● Use Cases: ○ High-latency systems requiring bulk data transfer. ○ File transfers in moderately reliable networks. ● Example: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) operations. Selective Repeat ARQ ● Use Cases: ○ High-speed real-time communication systems. ○ Networks where bandwidth conservation is critical. ● Example: Live video streaming platforms like YouTube. Anipra Pandya 22BCY10172
- 12. Challenges and Limitations General Challenges: ● Increased protocol complexity for enhanced features. ● Trade-off between efficiency and resource usage. Specific Limitations: ● Stop and Wait: High idle time. ● ARQs: High memory and computational requirements. ● Selective Repeat: Complexity in managing sequence numbers. Adhil Ali
- 13. Conclusion ● Summary: ○ Flow and error control protocols ensure efficient and reliable communication. ○ Each protocol has specific strengths and weaknesses tailored to network conditions. ● Key Takeaway: The choice of protocol depends on the trade-off between efficiency, complexity, and reliability. ● Future Trends: ○ Adaptive error control mechanisms. ○ Integration with AI for predictive retransmission. Adhil Ali