Fluid archimedes principle
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Archimedes' principle states that a body immersed in a fluid experiences an apparent loss in weight due to upthrust, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Relative density compares a substance's density to water's density at 4°C, determining whether an object will float or sink based on its density relative to the fluid. Applications include the design of ships and submarines, which utilize buoyancy principles to float or submerge effectively.
Fluid archimedes principle
- 1. ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLEARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLEARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLEARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
- 2. DENSITYDENSITY Density of a substance is defined as the mass perDensity of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume of that substanceunit volume of that substance • Its S.I Unit is kg/meter cubeIts S.I Unit is kg/meter cube
- 3. Density formula Density = Units g/ml, g/cm3 , g/cc Remember 1 ml = 1 cm3 = 1 cc Units of Density can be found usingUnits of Density can be found using
- 4. RELATIVE DENSITYRELATIVE DENSITY The Relative Density isThe Relative Density is the ratio of density of substance to thethe ratio of density of substance to the density of water at 4density of water at 4°° CC • It is also called specific gravityIt is also called specific gravity
- 5. If the density of a substance is 3.6 gm/cm cube, itsIf the density of a substance is 3.6 gm/cm cube, its RELATIVE DENSITYRELATIVE DENSITY is 3.6is 3.6 Conversely ifConversely if RELATIVE DENSITYRELATIVE DENSITY is 1.4,its density is 1.4gm/cmis 1.4,its density is 1.4gm/cm cubecube BecauseBecause RELATIVE DENSITYRELATIVE DENSITY of a substance is equal to itsof a substance is equal to its density(with no unit).This is the relation between density anddensity(with no unit).This is the relation between density and relative densityrelative density
- 6. We know that density of water is 1gm/cm ccWe know that density of water is 1gm/cm cc Relative density, or specific gravity,Relative density, or specific gravity, is the ratio of the density (mass of ais the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to theunit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.density of a given reference material. Density of water at 4Density of water at 4°°CC = Density of substance= Density of substance
- 7. Archimedes' Principle is named after “ARCHIMEDE’S OF SYRACUSE "who first discovered this law Interesting factInteresting fact
- 8. Archimedes Principle states that when a body is partially or completelyArchimedes Principle states that when a body is partially or completely immersed in a fluid, it experiences an apparent loss in weight due toimmersed in a fluid, it experiences an apparent loss in weight due to upthrustupthrust and this apparent loss in weight is equal to the weight of theand this apparent loss in weight is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the immersed part of the bodyfluid displaced by the immersed part of the body Upthrust means Buoyant forceUpthrust means Buoyant force Archimedes’ PrincipleArchimedes’ Principle
- 9. What is BUOYANCY and UPTHRUST?What is BUOYANCY and UPTHRUST?
- 10. BOUYANT FORCE or UPTHRUSTBOUYANT FORCE or UPTHRUST When a body is immersedWhen a body is immersed partially or completely insidepartially or completely inside a fluid it experiences ana fluid it experiences an upward force called theupward force called the buoyant forcebuoyant force
- 11. The property of the fluids to apply buoyant force is called BUOYANCYThe property of the fluids to apply buoyant force is called BUOYANCY
- 12. The buoyant force acting on an object dependsThe buoyant force acting on an object depends upon two factors:upon two factors: • The volume of the body immersedThe volume of the body immersed i.ei.e.. volume of the fluid displaced ,orvolume of the fluid displaced ,or • density of the fluiddensity of the fluid
- 13. Apparent loss in weightApparent loss in weight = True weight-weight of the body immersed in a fluid (=buoyant force) = w1-w2
- 14. Buoyant forceBuoyant force = apparent loss in weight-true weight(w1)
- 15. EUREKA CANEUREKA CAN SPRING BALANCESPRING BALANCE BEAKERBEAKERSTONESTONE
- 16. Archimedes’ principleArchimedes’ principle • Take an Eureka can and fill it up to its spout. Take a stone and suspend it with the hook of the spring balance.Note the weight of stone in air.Let it be w1. • Now immerse the stone inside water in the Eureka can.the water overflows through the can.Collect this overflowing water in the beaker. Now also note the reading in the spring balance.Let it be w2
- 17. • This w2 will be less than w1 due to upthrust provided by water.Apparent loss in weight due to upthrust will be (w1-w2) • Measure the weight of water collected in the beaker , which in fact is the weight of water displaced by the stone . • On comparing we will found that the loss in weight (w1-w2 )is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the stone.Hence the Archimedes’principle is verified. It states that when a body isIt states that when a body is partiallypartially or completely immersed in a fluid,or completely immersed in a fluid, it experiences an apparent loss in weight due toit experiences an apparent loss in weight due to upthrustupthrust and thisand this apparent loss in weight is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced byapparent loss in weight is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the immersed part of the bodythe immersed part of the body
- 19. Principle of FloatationPrinciple of Floatation A body floats in a liquid if the weight of the bodyA body floats in a liquid if the weight of the body should be equal to the weight of the liquidshould be equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by it.displaced by it.
- 20. Sinking AND FLOATATION OF A BODYSinking AND FLOATATION OF A BODY When a body is placed in a liquid, two forces act on itWhen a body is placed in a liquid, two forces act on it
- 21. The following are the three possibilities ifThe following are the three possibilities if we consider w1 and w2we consider w1 and w2
- 25. Where will they “float?”Where will they “float?” salt water density= 1.2 g/cc fresh water density= 1.0 g/cc oil density= 0.9 g/cc Object A:density = 0.8 g/cc Object B:density = 0.95 g/cc Object C:density = 1.1 g/cc Object D:density = 1.3 g/cc Object E:density = 4.0 g/cc
- 26. Applications of Archimedes’ principleApplications of Archimedes’ principle Ships and submarines are designedShips and submarines are designed on the basis of this principleon the basis of this principle
- 27. How does a steel ship floats ?How does a steel ship floats ?
- 28. A ship is hollow at the bottom because of which its average density is lees than that of water so the ship is able to displace water equal to its weight and hence it floats.
- 29. How can a submarines float or submerge in water?How can a submarines float or submerge in water?
- 30. Submarines have ballast tanks at its basement. When it is to beSubmarines have ballast tanks at its basement. When it is to be submerged,these tanks are filled with sea water.As a result its weightsubmerged,these tanks are filled with sea water.As a result its weight becomes more than the weight of water displaced.So it submergesbecomes more than the weight of water displaced.So it submerges
- 31. If the submarine has to come up,the tanks are emptied out ,so the weight of the submarine decreases in comparison to the weight of the water displaced and the submarine rises up to the surface
- 32. FishesFishes • Some species of fishes have swim bladder. When fishes want to rise they fill this bladder with gases diffused from their own body. Thus becoming lighter and to go down they empty their bladder thereby increasing their density and hence manage to sink
- 34. • Hydrogen and Helium filled balloons and hot air balloons tend to move upwards because the density of hydrogen is about 1/4th of the air. The upward force is more than the downward force of the balloon and hence it rises upwards till the density of both becomes same
- 35. Skillcruise.com