FM Group 3 - Standard Operating Procedures - Presentation.pdf
- 1. STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES Sustainable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the Purchasing, Usage, and Disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles MOHW HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
- 2. ASSIGNMENT Identify a MOH Hazardous Waste and develop a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for managing its purchasing, use and final disposal. Include details of persons/departments responsible for each activity. Hazardous Waste chosen: Toxic and Infectious Substances
- 3. Presenters: Overview, Introduction, Objective, Purpose and Scope Damion Morgan 320071752 01 Sustainable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the Purchasing of Scalpel Blades and Needles Desmond Hinds 320112692 02 Sustainable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the Usage of Scalpel Blades and Needles Mushincan Samuels 320086486 03 Sustainable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the Disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles Mikail Brooks 320022742 04 Responsible Persons/Departments, Sustainability Integration, Compliance and Governance, Conclusion Claudine Goodin 320051772 05
- 4. OVERVIEW ▪ Sharps are a subset of biohazardous waste and pose a significant risk to healthcare workers, waste handlers, and the wider public when not used and disposed of correctly. ▪ From this standpoint, a Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) was developed for the the Purchasing, Usage, and Disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles. ▪ This presentation serves to present this SOP and is intended to be used as a training companion in the SOP’s implementation.
- 5. ▪ This presentation will present the topics and information contained in the SOP and will cover areas such as: o The Objective, Purpose and Scope of the SOP; o The Specific Procedures, from a Sustainability standpoint, to be followed when Purchasing, Using and Disposing Scalpel Blades and Needles; o The person(s) and/or department(s) responsible for each specific procedure. o The Sustainability Integration, Compliance and Governance adopted by the SOP. OVERVIEW
- 6. ▪ The MOHW, as the major generator of all categories of medical waste in the public health sector, is mandated to collect, store, transport, treat and dispose of medical waste effectively. ▪ This public health sector constitutes four Regional Health Authorities (RHAs), which collectively comprise 24 hospitals and 318 health centres along with other specialized entities. ▪ Sharps are a subset of biohazardous waste and sharps such as scalpel blades and needles are essential tools in medical practice, yet they pose significant risks if not managed responsibly throughout their lifecycle. INTRODUCTION
- 7. ▪ These items, if improperly managed, can transmit bloodborne pathogens like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, especially through accidental needle- stick injuries. ▪ Given the severity of these risks, there is a critical need for healthcare facilities to adopt and implement standardized procedures for the safe handling and disposal of sharps. ▪ This SOP integrates sustainable practices into the purchasing, usage, and disposal of these items, aligning with both local and global public health, safety, and environmental standards. INTRODUCTION
- 8. OBJECTIVE ▪ To develop a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for managing the purchasing, use and final disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles. ▪ Identify the person(s) and/or department(s) responsible for each specific procedure to be adopted in the purchasing, use and final disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles. ▪ Outline the Sustainability Integration, Compliance and Governance adopted by the SOP.
- 9. ▪ To assist the MohW in tracking all categories of waste from generation to the safe disposal based on local regulation and guidelines. ▪ To address the full lifecycle of sharps; from procurement, usage, and collection, to final disposal. ▪ To ensure compliance with local public health laws, reduce occupational and environmental risks, and promote safe and sustainable healthcare practices in accordance with Jamaican national policies and international standards. PURPOSE
- 10. ▪ This SOP is aligned with Jamaica’s Public Health Act (1974), the National Infection Prevention and Control Guidelines (2017) issued by the MOHW, and international best practices such as those outlined by the WHO. ▪ Intended as a comprehensive guide to procure responsibly, use safely, and dispose of sharps in a manner that supports Economic Sustainability through cost-efficient procurement and inventory control, Social Sustainability by ensuring safety and equity in access and Environmental Sustainability – by minimizing waste, promoting reusable and biodegradable alternatives, and ensuring proper final disposal. SCOPE
- 11. ▪ This SOP provides detailed procedures for the: o Procurement of sharps and approved disposal containers; o Safe use of sharps by clinical staff; o Collection and segregation of used sharps; o Temporary storage and internal transportation; o Final disposal through compliant and environmentally sound methods; and o Assignment of responsibilities to relevant individuals or departments at each stage. SCOPE
- 12. PURCHASING 1. Needs Assessment: ❑ Monthly inventory checks to prevent overstocking and minimize expiry-related wastage. ❑ Based on average consumption rates and public health activity data. 2. Requisition Process: ❑ Utilize MOHW standardized requisition forms. ❑ Prioritize reusable handle systems with replaceable blades to reduce waste, and use single-use devices where sterility and infection control demand it.
- 13. PURCHASING 3. Supplier Selection: ❑ Select ISO 14001 certified suppliers. ❑ Favour biodegradable packaging and local vendors to support Jamaica’s economy and reduce transportation emissions. 4. Procurement Controls: ❑ Comply with GOJ Procurement Act. ❑ Secure multi-year pricing agreements for long-term cost savings.
- 14. PURCHASING 5. Verification & Storage: ❑ Ensure packaging integrity, batch traceability, and expiry monitoring. ❑ Store in temperature-controlled, secure, and clean areas.
- 15. 1. Preparation: ❑ Open packaging only at the time of use. ❑ Choose correct blade/needle for the procedure. 2. During Use: ❑ Apply one-hand scoop technique if recapping is necessary. ❑ Use safety-engineered devices when possible. ❑ Single-use items must be discarded after one use to prevent cross- contamination, reduce infection risks, and comply with WHO and MOH standards. USAGE
- 16. 3. After Use: ❑ Immediate disposal in MOH-approved sharps containers. ❑ Reuse of single-use items is strictly prohibited. 4. Training & Monitoring: ❑ Annual refresher training for clinical staff. ❑ Incident reporting system for sharps injuries. USAGE
- 17. 1. Point-of-Use Disposal: ❑ Colour-coded (red), puncture-resistant containers clearly labelled "Sharps Only", marked with the Biohazard symbol. ❑ Sharps bins should be wall-mounted and sealed at all treatment stations and removed when 75% full. 2. Collection & Transport: ❑ Replace containers at ¾ capacity. ❑ Transport using sealed, leak-proof containers per OSHA and MOH guidelines. DISPOSAL
- 21. DISPOSAL SKIP
- 22. 3. Treatment & Final Disposal: ❑ Sharps to be incinerated or autoclaved and shredded based on MOH policy. ❑ Maintain disposal logs for auditing. 4. Community & Staff Awareness: ❑ Ongoing training and community engagement to discourage improper disposal. DISPOSAL
- 23. USAGE & DISPOSAL
- 24. RESPONSIBILITIES Sharps Procurement Responsibilities by Role Personnel/Role Responsibilities Actions Doctors & Nurses (End Users) Identify clinical needs for sharps. Recommend types that enhance patient and staff safety. - Provide technical specifications for procurement team. - Recommend safety-engineered sharps (e.g., auto- disable). Stores Department Forecast usage and ensure stock availability. Ensure quality and regulatory compliance of products. - Review stock levels and consumption trends. - Ensure procured items are registered by the Pharmacy Council. Medical/Infectious Waste Coordinator Advise on product types that reduce waste or are easier to dispose of. - Recommend items with reduced environmental impact or compatibility with local treatment systems (e.g., Ecodas T2000). Infection Control Officer -Ensure that purchased sharps meet safety standards to minimize risk of injury or infection. -Ensure used sharps container meets standard specification - Verify sharps devices include safety features (WHO/CDC compliant). - Participate in evaluation committees. Procurement Officer (Facility Level) Conduct purchases according to GOJ Procurement Act and Ministry of Finance rules. - Develop bid documents with input from clinicians and IPC teams.
- 25. RESPONSIBILITIES Sharps Usage Responsibilities by Role Personnel/Role Responsibilities Actions Doctors Ensure safe handling and use of sharps during medical procedures. - Use sharps only when necessary. - Employ safety-engineered devices where possible. - Avoid recapping needles. - Dispose of immediately after use. Nurses Administer injections, IVs, and perform minor procedures using sharps. - Prepare and use sharps carefully. - Use the correct technique to avoid needlestick injuries. - Place sharps directly into containers without passing them hand-to-hand. Janitorial Supervisor Oversee cleaning team and ensure safety compliance. - Train staff to avoid handling used sharps. - Enforce use of PPE. - Monitor areas for improperly discarded sharps. Infection Control Officer Oversee safe sharps usage across departments. - Monitor adherence to safe practices. - Conduct sharps safety audits. - Recommend safer devices and practices. Public Health Nurse Educate and model safe practices during immunization or community interventions. - Demonstrate safe sharps handling during public health outreach. - Educate community health workers on risks and
- 26. RESPONSIBILITIES Sharps Disposal Responsibilities by Role Personnel/Role Responsibilities Actions Doctors Ensure safe use and disposal of sharps during procedures. - Dispose of sharps immediately in designated containers. - Never recap needles. - Report incidents. Nurses Perform clinical tasks and manage sharps at point of care. - Use sharps containers properly. - Monitor container fill levels. - Report overflows or injuries. Phlebotomists / Lab Technicians Safely handle blood collection instruments. - Dispose of used needles and tubes in approved sharps containers. - Avoid hand-to-hand passing. Housekeeping Staff Handle waste during collection and cleaning. - Never pick up sharps by hand. - Transport sealed containers only. - Wear PPE at all times. Public Health Nurse Support community and facility-based infection control measures. - Advocate for proper sharps disposal education. - Conduct outreach and facility audits.
- 27. SUSTAINABILITY INTEGRATION Dimension Impact Area Ecodas T2000 Sterilwave 440 Economic Operational Efficiency - Fully automated cycle reduces labour costs. - Requires centralized setup; higher throughput supports cost- efficiency in larger facilities. - Compact & mobile; allows decentralized use, saving on transport & third-party disposal fees. - Shorter cycle time (~30 mins) lowers energy cost per cycle. Cost of Ownership - Higher initial capital cost. - Long lifespan with stainless steel construction. - May require dedicated infrastructure for installation. - Lower installation cost. - Plug-and-play design reduces capital investment and maintenance burden. Waste Management Cost - Up to 80% waste volume reduction minimizes transportation and landfill costs. - Waste is sterile and inert, reducing costs of hazardous waste handling. Social Occupational Health & Safety - Fully enclosed system minimizes risk of exposure. - Automation limits direct human contact with waste. - Multiple safety interlocks, real-time monitoring, HEPA filters protect operators. - Ideal for mid-size facilities with limited waste teams. Training and Skills - Requires trained personnel for operation and system monitoring. - Generates detailed compliance reports. - Intuitive touchscreen controls reduce complexity. - Faster learning curve for operators. Community Health Impact - Ensures complete inactivation of pathogens (10⁸ microbial reduction). - Prevents potential disease transmission via sharps or infectious waste. - Converts hazardous waste into municipal-grade waste. - Eliminates incinerator-related pollution risks for nearby communities. Environmental Pollution & Emissions - No combustion = zero emissions of dioxins, furans or hazardous air pollutants. - Microwave-based treatment avoids burning and chemical treatments. - Integrated filtration limits air emissions. Waste Volume & Quality - 80% waste volume reduction; shredded and sterilized waste is unrecognizable and compact. - Treated waste is sterile, odorless, and ready for landfill or recycling. Energy Use - Uses electricity for shredding and high-pressure steam generation. - Energy-intensive due to high temp & pressure. - Lower temperature sterilization = more energy-efficient per batch. Recyclability - Output can be safely handled or recycled in municipal systems depending on local policies. - Homogenized, inert output allows safe disposal or recycling where permitted. Climate Change Mitigation - Reduces landfill burden and avoids incineration, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. - Supports health sector’s green transition by eliminating fossil- fuel-based disposal methods.
- 28. ❖ Local Authorities: Ministry of Health & Wellness, National Solid Waste Management Authority (NSWMA), Bureau of Standards Jamaica. ❖ International Bodies: World Health Organization (WHO), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), International Organization for Standardization (ISO). COMPLIANCE AND GOVERNANCE
- 29. CONCLUSION ▪ This presentation presented the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), developed by the Ministry of Health and Wellness (MOHW), for the the Purchasing, Usage, and Disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles. ▪ The SOP integrates sustainable practices into the purchasing, usage, and disposal of Scalpel Blades and Needles, aligning with both local and global public health, safety, and environmental standards.
- 30. CONCLUSION ▪ Sharps are a subset of biohazardous waste and sharps such as scalpel blades and needles are essential tools in medical practice, yet they pose significant risks if not managed responsibly throughout their lifecycle. ▪ It is from this standpoint that the SOP clearly outlines the Specific Procedures, from a Sustainability standpoint, to be followed when Purchasing, Using and Disposing Scalpel Blades and Needles, along with the person(s) and/or department(s) responsible for each specific procedure.
- 31. CONCLUSION ▪ It is intended that this SOP will help to ensure compliance with local public health laws, reduce occupational and environmental risks, and promote safe and sustainable healthcare practices in accordance with Jamaican national policies and international standards.
- 33. QUESTIONS?
- 34. Thank You!