Forces
- 1. Don’t fight forces, use them. Forces
- 2. What are forces? A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. Pull Push
- 3. Unit to measure force and the equipment used. Forces are measured in Newtons. And the apparatus used to measure this is the Newton meter. This device operates with a spring. The spring attached onto the scale stretches accurately as the force. Then the spring represents the data in the ruler.
- 4. What can forces do ? A force can do one of four things to an object: Make it speed up - accelerate. Make it slow down - decelerate. Change its direction. Change its shape.
- 5. Plastic and elastic deformation. Elastic deformation: The material always returns back to it's original shape, deformation is reversible. Plastic deformation: The material will no longer return to it's original shape, it deforms permanently.
- 6. Hooke's law Discovered by the English scientist Robert Hooke in 1660, which states that, for relatively small deformations of an object, the displacement (stretched amount) is directly proportional to the deforming force or load. Under these conditions the object returns to its original shape and size upon removal of the load.
- 7. Types of Forces. Forces can be divided into to two groups such as contacted and non-contacted forces. Contacted Frictional Force Tensional Force Normal Force Air Resistance Force Up thrust Force Non- contacted Gravitational Force
- 8. Frictional Force Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction: Dry friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact. Dry friction is subdivided into static friction ("stiction") between non-moving surfaces, and kinetic friction between moving surfaces. Fluid friction describes the friction between layers of a viscous fluid that are moving relative to each other. Lubricated friction is a case of fluid friction where a lubricant fluid separates two solid surfaces. Skin friction is a component of drag, the force resisting the motion of a fluid across the surface of a body. Internal friction is the force resisting motion between the elements making up a solid material while it undergoes deformation.
- 9. Tensional Force Tension is the pulling force exerted by each end of a string, cable, chain, or similar one-dimensional continuous object, or by each end of a rod, truss member, or similar three dimensional object.
- 10. Normal Force Normal force is a part of gravitational force. Normal force is a support force exerted upon an object which is in contact with another stable object. The normal force of the object is equal to the force pushing against it.
- 11. Air Resistance Air resistance, also called drag, is the forces that are in opposition to the relative motion of an object through the air. Drag forces act opposite to the oncoming flow velocity. Drag, unlike other resistive forces, depends directly on velocity.
- 12. Up thrust Force Up thrust is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.
- 13. Gravitational force Newton's law of universal gravitation states that any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Which means that gravity is measured from kilograms(Kg).
- 14. Resultant force
- 15. I hope that you all learnt something