Forget about Index.php and build you applications around HTTP - PHPers Cracow
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The document discusses how to build applications around HTTP rather than just relying on index.php, emphasizing the request-response model and the importance of the Symfony framework in handling HTTP through an object-oriented approach. It explains the components involved such as the HttpFoundation, event dispatcher, and routing, as well as the application lifecycle in Symfony, including request handling and response generation. The text also highlights the relevance of these concepts beyond Symfony by mentioning their use in popular frameworks like Drupal and Laravel.
![<?php
$name
=
$_GET['name'];
echo
"Hello
$name!";](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-6-320.jpg)
![[METH]
[REQUEST-‐URI]
HTTP/[VER]
[Field1]:
[Value1]
[Field2]:
[Value2]
[request
body,
if
any]
HTTP/[VER]
[CODE]
[TEXT]
[Field1]:
[Value1]
[Field2]:
[Value2]
[response
body]
ResponseRequest](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-30-320.jpg)
![$name
=
isset($_GET['name'])
?
$_GET['name']
:
"World";
$name
=
$request
-‐>query
-‐>get('name',
'World');](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-40-320.jpg)
![$request
=
Request::create(
'/',
'GET',
['name'
=>
'Kacper']
);
Simulate a Request](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-43-320.jpg)
![$response
=
new
Response(
‘Hello
Kacper!’,
Response::HTTP_OK,
['content-‐type'
=>
'text/html']
);
$response-‐>prepare($request);
$response-‐>send();](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-45-320.jpg)
![$response
=
new
JsonResponse();
$response-‐>setData(['name'
=>
'Kacper']);
JSON Response](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-47-320.jpg)
![$route
=
new
Route('/',
array('controller'
=>
'HelloController'));
$routes
=
new
RouteCollection();
$routes-‐>add('hello_route',
$route);
$context
=
new
RequestContext();
$context-‐>fromRequest($request);
$matcher
=
new
UrlMatcher($routes,
$context);
$parameters
=
$matcher-‐>match('/');
//
['controller'
=>
'HelloController',
'_route'
=>
'hello_route']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-76-320.jpg)
![$route
=
new
Route('/',
array('controller'
=>
'HelloController'));
$routes
=
new
RouteCollection();
$routes-‐>add('hello_route',
$route);
$context
=
new
RequestContext();
$context-‐>fromRequest($request);
$matcher
=
new
UrlMatcher($routes,
$context);
$parameters
=
$matcher-‐>match('/');
//
['controller'
=>
'HelloController',
'_route'
=>
'hello_route']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-77-320.jpg)
![$route
=
new
Route('/',
array('controller'
=>
'HelloController'));
$routes
=
new
RouteCollection();
$routes-‐>add('hello_route',
$route);
$context
=
new
RequestContext();
$context-‐>fromRequest($request);
$matcher
=
new
UrlMatcher($routes,
$context);
$parameters
=
$matcher-‐>match('/');
//
['controller'
=>
'HelloController',
'_route'
=>
'hello_route']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-78-320.jpg)
![$route
=
new
Route('/',
array('controller'
=>
'HelloController'));
$routes
=
new
RouteCollection();
$routes-‐>add('hello_route',
$route);
$context
=
new
RequestContext();
$context-‐>fromRequest($request);
$matcher
=
new
UrlMatcher($routes,
$context);
$parameters
=
$matcher-‐>match('/');
//
['controller'
=>
'HelloController',
'_route'
=>
'hello_route']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-79-320.jpg)
![$route
=
new
Route('/',
array('controller'
=>
'HelloController'));
$routes
=
new
RouteCollection();
$routes-‐>add('hello_route',
$route);
$context
=
new
RequestContext();
$context-‐>fromRequest($request);
$matcher
=
new
UrlMatcher($routes,
$context);
$parameters
=
$matcher-‐>match('/');
//
['controller'
=>
'HelloController',
'_route'
=>
'hello_route']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2015-03-30-phperscracow-forgetaboutindex-150401103704-conversion-gate01/85/Forget-about-Index-php-and-build-you-applications-around-HTTP-PHPers-Cracow-80-320.jpg)
Forget about Index.php and build you applications around HTTP - PHPers Cracow
- 1. FORGET ABOUT INDEX.PHP BUILD YOUR APPLICATIONS AROUND HTTP!
- 2. Kacper Gunia @cakper Software Engineer @SensioLabsUK Symfony Certified Developer PHPers Silesia @PHPersPL
- 4. Hello world in PHP“ ” + tutorial
- 5. Gojko’s two facts about programming web: 1)Ctrl-C 2)Ctrl-V
- 6. <?php $name = $_GET['name']; echo "Hello $name!";
- 8. It works! :D
- 9. but…
- 15. This is what HTTP is about! Request Response
- 16. This is what Your App is about! Request Response
- 17. “(…) the goal of your application is always to interpret a request and create the appropriate response based on your application logic.” Symfony.com
- 20. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost
- 21. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost I want to see…
- 22. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost …this resource!
- 23. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost And I know it should be on localhost
- 24. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost Psst, I’m using 1.1 version of HTTP protocol
- 26. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html Hello Kacper!
- 27. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html Hello Kacper! OK man, I’ve found it!
- 28. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html Hello Kacper! And it’s an HTML
- 29. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html Hello Kacper! Hello World!
- 30. [METH] [REQUEST-‐URI] HTTP/[VER] [Field1]: [Value1] [Field2]: [Value2] [request body, if any] HTTP/[VER] [CODE] [TEXT] [Field1]: [Value1] [Field2]: [Value2] [response body] ResponseRequest
- 31. What if we create objects from Request & Response?
- 33. GET /index.php?name=Kacper HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost $request-‐>getMethod(); GET $request-‐>getPathInfo(); /
- 34. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-‐type: text/html Hello Kacper! $response-‐>getStatusCode(); 200 $response-‐>getContent(); Hello Kacper!
- 36. “The HttpFoundation component defines an object-oriented layer for the HTTP specification” Symfony.com
- 38. $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $request = new Request( $_GET, $_POST, array(), $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_SERVER );
- 39. $_GET $request-‐>query $_POST $request-‐>request $_COOKIE $request-‐>cookies $_FILES $request-‐>files $_SERVER $request-‐>server $request-‐>headers $request-‐>attributes ParameterBag instances
- 40. $name = isset($_GET['name']) ? $_GET['name'] : "World"; $name = $request -‐>query -‐>get('name', 'World');
- 41. $request-‐>isSecure(); Verify configured secure header or the standard one
- 43. $request = Request::create( '/', 'GET', ['name' => 'Kacper'] ); Simulate a Request
- 45. $response = new Response( ‘Hello Kacper!’, Response::HTTP_OK, ['content-‐type' => 'text/html'] ); $response-‐>prepare($request); $response-‐>send();
- 46. $response = new RedirectResponse( 'http://example.com/' ); Redirect Response
- 47. $response = new JsonResponse(); $response-‐>setData(['name' => 'Kacper']); JSON Response
- 49. $kernel = new AppKernel('dev', true); $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response); Symfony app_dev.php
- 50. $kernel = new AppKernel('dev', true); $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response); Symfony app_dev.php
- 54. ”The Front Controller consolidates all request handling by channeling requests through a single handler object (…)” MartinFowler.com
- 55. $kernel = new AppKernel('dev', true); $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);
- 56. Let’s go deeper…
- 58. “The HttpKernel component provides a structured process for converting a Request into a Response by making use of the EventDispatcher.” Symfony.com
- 59. interface HttpKernelInterface { const MASTER_REQUEST = 1; const SUB_REQUEST = 2; /** * @return Response A Response instance */ public function handle( Request $request, $type = self::MASTER_REQUEST, $catch = true); }
- 60. How Symfony transforms Request into Response?
- 63. “The EventDispatcher component provides tools that allow your application components to communicate with each other by dispatching events and listening to them.” Symfony.com
- 64. EventDispatcher is an implementation of Mediator pattern
- 65. $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(); $dispatcher-‐>addListener( 'foo.action', function (Event $event) { // do whatever you need }); $event = new Event(); $dispatcher-‐>dispatch('foo.action', $event);
- 69. …you can even return a Response!
- 70. public function onKernelRequest(GetResponseEvent $event) { $request = $event-‐>getRequest(); if ($request-‐>query-‐>get('name') === 'Kacper') { $event-‐>setResponse( new Response("We don't like you!") ); } }
- 72. …or e.g. detect device, location…
- 73. …and routing is resolved here
- 75. “The Routing component maps an HTTP request to a set of configuration variables.” Symfony.com
- 76. $route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route); $context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request); $matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context); $parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']
- 77. $route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route); $context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request); $matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context); $parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']
- 78. $route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route); $context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request); $matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context); $parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']
- 79. $route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route); $context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request); $matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context); $parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']
- 80. $route = new Route('/', array('controller' => 'HelloController')); $routes = new RouteCollection(); $routes-‐>add('hello_route', $route); $context = new RequestContext(); $context-‐>fromRequest($request); $matcher = new UrlMatcher($routes, $context); $parameters = $matcher-‐>match('/'); // ['controller' => 'HelloController', '_route' => 'hello_route']
- 83. interface ControllerResolverInterface { public function getController( Request $request ); public function getArguments( Request $request, $controller ); }
- 84. Controller is a PHP callable
- 87. Change controller here (if you need)
- 92. interface ControllerResolverInterface { public function getController( Request $request ); public function getArguments( Request $request, $controller ); }
- 96. Time for your application logic
- 102. e.g. transform arrays into JSON Responses
- 105. Manipulate Response
- 106. e.g. WebDebugToolbar
- 109. Do the heavy stuff now
- 110. e.g. Send Emails
- 114. $response = new Response(); $response-‐>setPublic(); $response-‐>setMaxAge(600); $response-‐>setSharedMaxAge(600);
- 115. Validation
- 116. public function indexAction(Request $request, $name) { $response = new Response("Hello $name"); $response-‐>setETag(md5($response-‐>getContent())); $response-‐>setPublic(); $response-‐>isNotModified($request); return $response; }
- 118. “The ESI specification describes tags you can embed in your pages to communicate with the gateway cache.” Symfony.com
- 119. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <!-‐-‐ ... content -‐-‐> <!-‐-‐ Embed the content of another page -‐-‐> <esi:include src="http://..."/> <!-‐-‐ ... content -‐-‐> </body> </html>
- 120. But I don’t have Varnish!
- 122. $kernel = new AppKernel('prod', false); $kernel-‐>loadClassCache(); $kernel = new AppCache($kernel); $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);
- 123. $kernel = new AppKernel('prod', false); $kernel-‐>loadClassCache(); $kernel = new AppCache($kernel); $request = Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $kernel-‐>handle($request); $response-‐>send(); $kernel-‐>terminate($request, $response);
- 124. OK, but are those things actually used outside of Symfony?
- 125. YES!
- 127. Kacper Gunia Software Engineer Symfony Certified Developer PHPers Silesia Thanks!