Framing in DLL computer networks and layers
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Byte/character stuffing escapes special characters like end delimiters in data using extra bytes, but it is an obsolete and costly method. Bit stuffing inserts extra non-information bits into the data to break patterns that could be mistaken for special bit sequences like end delimiters, helping synchronize data transfer between sender and receiver. The receiver removes any stuffed bits to retrieve the original data.
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Framing in DLL computer networks and layers
- 1. Framing in Data Link Layer
- 8. Byte/Character Stuffing • Used when frames consist of characters. • If data contains ED then, a byte is stuffed into data to diffrentiate it from ED. Let ED = “$” –> if data contains ‘$’ anywhere, it can be escaped using ‘O’ character. –> if data contains ‘O$’ then, use ‘OOO$'($ is escaped using O and O is escaped using O). • It is very costly and obsolete method.
- 9. Bit Stuffing • Bit stuffing is a process of inserting non-information bits into the data to be transferred. It breaks the data sequence and helps in synchronization. • Let ED = 01111 and if data = 01111 –> Sender stuffs a bit to break the pattern i.e. here appends a 0 in data = 011101. –> Receiver receives the frame. –> If data contains 011101, receiver removes the 0 and reads the data.