3. INTELLIGENCE
Webster defines intelligence
- as the capacity for understanding and for other
forms of adaptive intellect of behavior; the mind in
operation; the power of meeting any situation,
especially a novel situation, successfully by proper
behavior adjustments; the ability to apprehend the
interrelationships of presented facts in such a way as to
guide action towards goal; knowledge of an event,
circumstances.
4. INTELLIGENCE
Based on Psychology, Intelligence
- is the capacity of a person to adjust to new situations
through the use of what has been previously learned.
According to Government - Commission Task Force
- It means the collection, processing, collation,
interpretation, evaluation and dissemination of information, with
references to national security. In certain context, it may also mean
the network or the system for the collection, collation,
interpretation, evaluation, processing, and dissemination of
information.
5. INTELLIGENCE
According to Military Terminologies - Intelligence
-is the end product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis,
integration and interpretation of all available information which may have
immediate or potential significance to the development and execution of plans,
policies and programs of the users.
According to Police Parlance
- The end product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis,
integration and interpretation of all available information regarding the
activities of criminal and other law violators for the purpose of affecting
criminals and other law violators for the purpose of affecting their arrest,
obtaining evidence, and forestalling plan to commit crime.
7. PRINCIPAL AREAS OF INTEREST IN INTELLIGENCE
1. Military – offensive and
defensive tactics, war plans,
strategic concepts and tactical
principles, organizations,
installations, industrial lease,
armed forces, command
structure, command personnel,
material, tactics, morale.
8. INTELLIGENCE
2. General – topographical and hydrographic, characteristics,
historical backgrounds
3. Diplomatic – foreign policies, alliances, diplomatic
establishment, foreign service personnel, technique of
conducting foreign relations
9. INTELLIGENCE
4. Political – ideology, traditions, institutions, personalities, area
of friction Communications and Transportation – telephones,
telegraphs, wireless, railways, shipping, automobiles and trucks,
highways, aviation, ownership, policies, organization,
personnel.
5. Social – nationality structure, classes and caste, historical
factors, census, personal aspects, characteristics and mentality of
people forces, social legislation, radio, television, press, motion
picture
10. INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence – organizations, methods and personnel of competing
intelligence system Economic –
On economics, the areas are on:
1. 1. Financial – Monetary policies, Currency structure,
Transactions, Institutions, Personalities
2. 2. Commercial – trade policies, markets, trading methods, price policies,
personalities
3. 3. Industrial – structure of Capacity, manufacturing plants and processes,
raw material, energy rotations, labor relations, personalities
4. 4. Mining – Mineral Resources, Production method, Output
5. 5.Agriculture – policies, crop structure, cultivation method,
mechanization, financing, specific characteristics of rural population.
11. INTELLIGENCE
1. 1. Strategic Intelligence – it is an intelligence activity which is primarily
long range in nature with little practical immediate operation value.
2. 2. Line Intelligence – it is an intelligence activity that has the immediate
nature and value necessary for more effective police planning and
operation.
3. 3. National Intelligence - it is the integrated product of intelligence
developed by all the governmental branches, departments concerning the
broad aspect of national security and policy.
12. INTELLIGENCE
4. Counter-Intelligence – phase of intelligence covering the
activity devoted in destroying the effectiveness of hostile foreign
activities and to the protection of info against espionage,
subversion and sabotage.
5. Undercover Work – is an investigative process in which
disguises and pretext cover and deception are used to gain the
confidence of criminal suspects for the purpose of determining the
nature and extent of any criminal activities that maybe
contemplating or perpetuating.
14. INTELLIGENCE
Functional Classification of Police Intelligence
1. Criminal Intelligence – refers to the knowledge essential to the
prevention of crimes and the investigation, arrest, and prosecution of
criminal offenders.
2. Internal Security Intelligence – refers to the knowledge essential to
the maintenance of peace and order.
3. Public Safety Intelligence – refers to the knowledge essential to
ensure the protection of lives and properties.
15. INTELLIGENCE
THREE KINDS OF INTELLIGENCE
1. Strategic Intelligence – an intelligence data that are not of an
immediate value. It is usually descriptive in nature, accumulation
of physical description of personalities, modus operandi. It does not
have immediate operational value but rather long range that may
become relevant to future police operations.
2. Line Intelligence – It is the kind of intelligence required by the
commander to provide for planning and conduct tactical and
administrative operation in counter insurgency. This pertains to
knowledge of People, Weather, Enemy and Terrain (PWET) used
in planning and conducting tactical and administrative operation
in a counter insurgency.
16. INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence information to be determined in Line Intelligence are:
(P-W-E-T)
1. People - living condition of the people, sources of income, education of
the people, government livelihood projects, extent of enemy influence
to the people
2. Weather – visibility, cloudy, temperature, precipitation (rain), wind
3. Enemy - location of the enemy, strength of the enemy, disposition,
tactical capability, enemy vulnerability
4. Terrain - relief and drainage system, vegetation, surface material,
man-made features. There are military aspects of terrain which
includes cover and concealment, obstacle, critical key terrain
features, observation and fields of fire, and avenues of approach.
17. INTELLIGENCE
3. Counter Intelligence (CI) - this kind of intelligence covers the
activity devoted in destroying the effectiveness of hostile foreign
activities and to the protection of info against espionage, subversion
and sabotage. Hence, the three activities of CI are: protection of
information against espionage; protection of personnel against
subversion; and protection of installations and material against
sabotage. Measures in CI must be both passive and active.
a. Passive Measures - are those measures which seek to conceal info from the
enemy while
b. Active Measures - are those which seek actively to block the enemy’s
efforts to gain info or engage in espionage, subversion or sabotage.
18. INTELLIGENCE
FIVE CATEGORIES OF COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS
1. Military Security – it encompasses the measures taken by a command to
protect itself against espionage, enemy operation, sabotage, subversion or
surprise.
Examples are:
a. Secrecy discipline - Special safeguarding of classified information
b. Security of troop movement - Special handling of weather & escapes
c. Counter subversion with in the armed forces - Tactical measures in combat
area
19. INTELLIGENCE
2. Port Frontier and Travel Security – has to do with the application of both
military and civil security measures for CI control at point of entry and
departure, international borders or boundaries. Examples are: Security
screening and control of frontier Security control of merchants, seaman and
crew of commercial aircraft, Security control of frontier crossing point Security
control of seaports.
3. Civil Security – it encompasses active and passive CI measures affecting the
nonmilitary nationals permanently or temporarily residing in an area under
military jurisdiction. Examples are: Systematic registration of civilians and
aliens.
4. Censorship – it is the control and examination of the civil, national, armed
forces, field press, and POWs.
5. Special Operations – counter subversion, sabotage and espionage
20. INTELLIGENCE
PHASES OF INTELLIGENCE CYCLE
PHASE I – PLANNING THE COLLECTION EFFORT
This phase of the cycle involves the determination of the requirements
of intelligence. It is concerned with identifying the so-called Essential
Element of Information (EEI) - an item of intelligence or information
of the characteristics of the area of operations and the enemy, which the
commander feels he needs before he can reasonably arrive at a
decision.
21. INTELLIGENCE
PHASE II – COLLECTION OF INFORMATION
This phase of the cycle is concerned with identification of the collecting agency, the
formulation of procedures on the manner of collecting the information in conjunction
with the plans as achieved in phase one.
a. Methods of Collection – information can be collected through overt method (open
system) or covert method (secret/clandestine).
b. Collecting Agencies – depending on the type of operation, the collecting agency
could be Government Agencies, Intelligence units, or Organizations.
c. Trade Crafts – includes the use of photography, investigations / elicitation /
interrogation, surveillance, sound equipment, surreptitious entry – keys and locks,
use of an artist, communication.
22. INTELLIGENCE
CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS
1. In relation to use
a. Executive – are that information required by executive, governmental and
military commanders; the executive requirements are the basis for decisions
and national policy making.
b. Contributory – information required to complete the staff process – make
staff plans and estimates that contribute to the decision and policy making.
c. Operational – additional intelligence required in planning and carrying out
effectively the decision or policy announced. Decisions and policy require
implementation.
d. Collateral – higher or adjacent echelons of the government or military
establishment may require information
23. INTELLIGENCE
CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS
2. In relation to type
a. Basic – are general reference materials for use in the planning
regarding the enemies, area of operations, capabilities – static
comprehensive.
b. Current – are information which are temporary in nature and
narrower in scope.
c. Estimative – are those that determine the future courses of action;
required by the executives to plan future military operations and
policies.
24. INTELLIGENCE
PHASE III – PROCESSING THE COLLECTED INFORMATION
This phase of the cycle is concerned with the examination and collation of all
collected information.
Steps in Processing Raw Information
1. Collection – organization of raw data and information into usable form; grouping
similar items of information so that they will be readily accessible.
2. Recording – is the reduction of info into writing or some other form of graphical
representation and the arranging or this info into writing or some form of graphical
representation and the arranging of this into groups of related items. Police log book
and Journal, Intel-work Sheet - Intel Files, Situation Maps - Rouges Gallery, Modus
Operandi Files
26. INTELLIGENCE
PHASE III – PROCESSING THE COLLECTED INFORMATION
This phase of the cycle is concerned with the examination and collation
of all collected information.
3. Evaluation – examination of raw information to determine intelligence
value, pertinence of the information, reliability of the source and agency,
and its credibility or truth of information.
27. INTELLIGENCE
INTELLIGENCE MEASURE
PHASE IV – DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION
This phase of the cycle refers to the activities of transferring the processed information
to the proper users, most particularly the authority that requires the activity. Processed
information can be disseminated through annexes, estimates, briefing, message, reports,
overlays, and or summaries.
Methods of Dissemination
a. Fragmentary orders from top to bottom of the command
b. Memorandum, circulars, special orders
c. Operations order, oral or written
d. Conference – staff members
e. Other report and intelligence documents
f. Personal Contact
28. INTELLIGENCE
TYPES OF OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
a. Overt Intelligence – is the gathering of information or documents
procured openly without regard as to whether the subject or target become
knowledgeable of the purpose. Open Sources: Includes information taken
from Enemy activity; POW and Civilians; Captured documents; Map -
Weather, forecast, studies, report – Agencies.
b. Covert Intelligence – is the secret procurement of information, which is
obtained without the knowledge of the person or persons safeguarding vital
intelligence interest. Close Sources: Include information which may be
taken through: Surveillance; Casing and Elicitation; Surreptitious entry;
Employment of technical means (Bugging and Tapping device); Tactical
Interrogation; Observation and Description (ODEX)
