GAP & GMP for Mango Export
Download as PPTX, PDF5 likes2,688 views
The document discusses the cultivation, production, and export of Indian mangoes, highlighting their nutritional benefits and the practices necessary for quality assurance through Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It details various agricultural standards, certification processes, and specific cultivation techniques to enhance mango yield and quality, aiming to meet international export demands. Additionally, it covers post-harvest operations and the preparation of mango pulp for export, ensuring compliance with food safety standards.
GAP & GMP for Mango Export
- 1. GAP & GMP for Mango Export PACM 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 1
- 2. Mango 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 2 Indian mangoes come in various shapes, sizes and colours with a wide variety of flavour, aroma and taste It provides 40 percent of the daily dietary fiber needs – a potent protector against heart disease, cancer and cholesterol build –up It is also rich in potassium, beta- carotene and antioxidants Indian mangoes are mainly grown in tropical and subtropical regions It is grown at an altitude of 1500 m & temp at 27 C
- 3. Commercial Varieties 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 3
- 4. International Mango Production 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 4
- 5. Indian Mango Production 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 5
- 6. Indian Mango Export 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 6
- 7. Export Competitiveness of Indian Mangoes 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 7 Wide variety of mangoes with par excellence edible quality. Easier transfer of technology Agri Export Zones & Pack houses for facilitating exports Increase in Area of Mango Production due to its export Potential Facilities for Hot Water Treatment, Vapor Heat Treatment and irradiation High demand in Europe & UAE & because of less phyto sanitary restrictions UK imports of mango are concentrated during May to July which is the harvesting season Geographical Location of India
- 8. Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) GAP are the practices that includes recommendations and available knowledge to addressing environmental, economic and social sustainability for on-farm production and post-production processes resulting in safe and healthy food and non-food agricultural products 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 8 •Commitment to food safety at all levels •Communication throughout the production chain •Mandatory employee education program at the operational level •Field and equipment sanitation •Integrated pest management •Verification by independent, third-party audits Key Elements
- 9. Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 9 Objectives • Ensuring safety and quality of produce in the food chain • Capturing new market advantages by modifying supply chain • Improving natural resources use, workers health and working conditions • Creating new market opportunities for farmers and exporters in developing countries. Benefits • Development of basic infrastructure at the farm level • Traceability through complete integration of food chain • Improvement in the environment as well as soil fertility • Worker’s safety and welfare • Reputation in the international market as a producer of good quality and safe fruit produce Challenges • GAP implementation and especially record keeping and certification increases production costs. • High risk of small scale farmers will not be able to seize export market opportunities unless they are adequately informed, technically prepared and organized
- 10. Regional and national GAPs 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 10 GLOBAL G.A.P. ASEANGAP Malaysia - SALM certification Thailand - Q GAP and ThaiGAP certification Japan - JGAP certification China - Green Food and ChinaGAP certifications India - IndiaGAP
- 11. Global GAP 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 11 Set of standards designed to apply voluntarily for agriculture production worldwide Represented by Global GAP Secretariat is a non-profit organization called Food PLUS GmbH based in Germany. Involves manufacturers, retailers, service organization, suppliers of agricultural products, certification organizations, consulting companies, manufacture of fertilizers and crop protection products, university and their association. Provides standard and framework for independent third-party certification and only admits the accredited certification bodies force in ISO / IEC Giude 65 or EN 45011. Global GAP has participation of more than 100 certification organizations from 80 different countries.
- 12. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 12 Site Record •Registered produce traceable back to the registered farm where it has been grown. •Each registered grower, society, farm and produce to be given a Code No. and a package of practice to be followed for accurate trace back of the produce. Site History •field should be away from animal housing, pastures or barnyards. •Farmers should make sure that livestock waste should not enter the produce fields via run off or drift •location of orchard should be free from industrial pollutants. Record Maintenance •Proper record maintained by grower about crop production, sequence cropping, crop rotations, cropping systems, cropped area, cultivation sheets for the current and previous growing seasons. Internal Evaluation •Should undertake internal self-inspection on scheduling of crop production practices
- 13. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 13 Corrective Action • Effective corrective action should be taken as a result of internal self inspections Planting Material • Select planting material ( veneer graft ) from reliable nursery preferably Govt. / University / Reputed. • Select healthy vigorous and 1-1 ½ year old seedling. • Should be straight, erect and should have at least 2-3 leaves Varieties • Standard name need to be documented so that the consumers are not misled • essential to properly label the varieties grown in particular region to know the quality of mango Soil & substrate management • Soil Testing to determine nutrient & ph levels and do correction • Well drained soils, free from alkalinity / salinity and acidity. • Soil pH of 5.5 to 7.5
- 14. Plant seedlings 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 14 stake the plant by placing two bamboo sticks on either side Mulch the basin with paddy husk or available dry leaves to conserve moisture. Grow green manure crops in the alleys. plough the alleys to check weed growth and loosen the soil for better infiltration of rain water Irrigate the seedlings at frequent intervals Manure the plant with urea at an interval of 2 to 3 months.
- 15. Plant Nutrient Management 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 15 Micro nutrient mixture of 5g Zinc sulphate, 2g, Magnesium sulphate , 2g ferrous sulphate, 2g Borax, 6g slaked lime, 10g urea and ½ ml sandovit dissolved in 1liter water sprayed during sep – oct twice at 10-15 days interval Green manure crops like Dhaincha and sunhemp @ 12 to 15kg per acre between plants is to be sown
- 16. Irrigation 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 16 Plants to be irrigated at 3-4 days interval till 2 years 3rd year irrigation should be given at weekly intervals 4th and 5th year onwards mango plants may be irrigated at 7 to 10 days interval First irrigation at fruit set Second irrigation, one month after first irrigation when fruits are of marble size Third irrigation,20 to 30 days after second irrigation fruiting period needs 2 to 4 irrigations no irrigation during flowering and one month before harvesting. necessary to test the water for quality because many salts are dissolved in it
- 17. Inter Cultivation & Weed Control 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 17 In bearing orchards at least 2 times in a year the inter spaces should be ploughed - one with onset of monsoon, the second one at the end of the monsoon Weedicides like Glyphosate (8-10 ml per liter) + 20g of ammonium sulphate or urea spray on grass control them while spray of Atrataf @ 800g for 240 liters of water per hectare control broad leaved weeds
- 18. Training 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 18 Do not allow branches to develop from a single point as it will weaken the plant. Remove criss cross branches and Twigs out of place, off shoots and twigs. Remove also branches that have tendency to grow down No training after bearing starts.
- 19. Pruning 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 19 Pruning for production should be done every year, after 15 to 20 days of harvesting Prune all lower, hanging & criss crossing branches up to a height of 1 meter from ground level Branches that arise at wrong places, weak and un fruiting shoots / twigs, dead, dried, diseased and broken branches /twigs, water suckers left over flower and fruits stalks. should not be pruned in winter
- 20. Inter crops 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 20 till the crop come to bearing, vegetable crops can be raised with rotation of legume crops raise green manure crops like sunhemp, dhaincha, cowpea and cluster beans to enrich the soil Legume crops like green gram, black gram and Bengal gram help in improving the soil
- 21. Flowering Management 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 21 Mango plants come to flowering, 4 to 5 years after planting. In case of ultra high density planting (UHDP) 3 years after planting Flowering period in Low temperature (15 to 16°C) coupled with water stress conditions during Oct – Dec, pre flowering period Stop irrigation for 2to3 months before flowering Spray multi – K (KNO3@10g per liter of water + urea @ 5g per liter water ) to avoid staggering flowering
- 22. Integrated Pest Management 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 22 use of more organic manure infuse natural resistance Only approved chemicals should be used with correct dosage & method of application Correct record of all chemical pesticides should be maintained. The date of application, mode of application, the dose, the application equipment and operator.
- 23. Application Equipment 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 23 Plant protection equipment used for spraying and dusting crops is maintained in good condition and is calibrated as per requirements or the manufacturer’s guidelines The nozzles and emitters should be in good condition to allow micro fined spray of the pesticides The equipment maintenance records should be maintained properly.
- 24. Fruiting and its management 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 24 Harvest the fruits using harvesting aids Depending up on the variety, season and place of cultivation, it takes 100 – 120 days Maturity index of mango fruit is decided based on purpose for which it is used Raw green mangoes for pickle and amchur are harvested at ¾ of the maturity For domestic markets like Delhi, Kanpur, Calcutta etc. completely matured fruits but still green and hard are harvested For sea export - fully matured green and hard fruits of 90-100 days age having 7 to 9% TSS For air transport - fully matured light green fruit with white dots having 100 -105 days age and 9 to 10 percent TSS. Harvest fruits in the morning before 9to 10 AM and after 4PM Do not keep the harvested fruits in the sun or in the bare soil
- 25. Post harvest operations 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 25 Harvested fruits may be sorted out, by separating good and damaged once, shapeless once, small sized once, insect and disease affected once They may be graded according to size(weight) Harvested fruits may be cleaned in water and sent to markets or assembling centers in plastic crates during cool hours of the day.
- 26. Packaging 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 26 Packaging materials Labeling and coding Cool store
- 27. Worker’s Health & Safety 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 27 Protective clothing and gadgets Personal health & Workers Welfare Training of workers Record of Training Procedures
- 28. Waste & Pollution Management 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 28 The farm should present a clean look in general. The farm has designated areas to store litter and waste Different types of waste are identified and stored separately Empty Plant Protection Product Containers, Obsolete Plant Protection Products to be destroyed
- 29. Environment and conservation 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 29 Planning and management for integrated nutrient management, pest management, protection of farm premises and water supply Areas which cannot be utilized for production should be identified and utilized for protection of environment
- 30. Complaint Procedure 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 30 The complaints’ procedure should ensure that complaints are adequately recorded, studied and followed up including a record of actions taken. Global GAP certification should be prescribed Accreditation of certification should be as prescribed by national or international accreditation bodies
- 31. Good Manufacturing Practice 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 31 The practices required in order to conform to the guidelines recommended by agencies that control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages These guidelines provide minimum requirements that a manufacturer must meet to assure that their products are consistently high in quality, from batch to batch, for their intended use addresses issues including documentation, record keeping, personnel qualifications, sanitation, cleanliness, equipment verification, process validation, and complaint handling
- 32. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 32
- 33. Codex Ailimentarus Commission 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 33 It implements the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme, the purpose of which is to protect the health of consumers and to ensure fair practices in the food It is a collection of internationally adopted food standards presented in a uniform manner. 186 member Countries, 215 Codex observers: 49 intergovernmental organizations, 150 non-governmental organizations, and 16 United Nations organizations
- 34. MANGO PULP 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 34 Mango Pulp is prepared from selected varieties of Fresh Mango Fruit. Fully matured Mangoes are harvested, quickly transported to the fruit processing plant, inspected and washed. Selected high quality fruits go to the controlled ripening chambers Varieties are Alphonso Mango Pulp, Totapuri Mango Pulp, Kesar Mango Pulp. Main clusters are Chittoor in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Krishnagiri in the state of Tamil Nadu India is also a major exporter to Saudi Arab, Yemen Republc, Netherland, U K and Kuwait (1,10,923MT)
- 35. Definition Use in the manufacture of Fruit Juices and Nectars is obtained by the physical removal of water from the fruit purée in an amount sufficient to increase the Brix level to a value at least 50% greater than the Brix value established for reconstituted juice from the same fruit 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 35
- 36. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 36
- 37. Preparation washed, blanched, pulped, deseeded centrifug ed, homogen ized, concentr, thermally process aseptic filling. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 37
- 38. Allowed • Sugars with less than 2% moisture • Syrups liquid sucrose, invert sugar solution, invert, sugar syrup, fructose syrup, liquid cane sugar, isoglucose and high fructose syrup • essential nutrients QUALITY CRITERIA • characteristic colour, aroma and flavour of juice AUTHENTICITY • physical, chemical, organoleptical, and nutritionalcharacteristics 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 38 BASIC CRITERIA BY CODEX
- 39. CONTAMINANTS • PESTICIDE RESIDUES • OTHER CONTAMINANTS HYGIENE Labelling • The Name of the Product 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 39
- 40. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 40 Additives to be used
- 41. 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 41
- 42. THANK YOU 18 August 2018 Shekhar Jyoti Das 42