Gas sensor Presentation to PVE eeeeeeeeeeee

Gasensor – Introduction & Training

Company Overview
A Singapore high-tech, professionally
managed manufacturing company
established in 2013 that is committed to
the continuous research and development
of gas detectors and fire detection system
of environmental safety monitoring
products, with rich experience in the
applications of fire and gas monitoring
products to protect people's lives, health
and assets.
•71, Ubi Crescent #05-06 Excalibur Centre,
Singapore
•100% privately owned and operated
•Representation in Asia Pacific, USA, EU,
ME and African region
•20 Full Time Employees
•(30-part timers as consultants and
production personnel)
•ISO 9001, ATEX, IECEx, FM, SIL 2, CCCF,
NEPSI, PESO approvals

Manufactured Products
Fire and Gas System
Combustible Gas Detector
- Catalytic Bead
- Infra Red
Toxic Gas Detector
- Electrochemical Cell
Toxic Gas Detector
- Photoionization
Flame Detector
- Multi-spectrum Infra Red
(HC, HC + H2)
Combustible % LEL Protection Toxic PPM Protection Flame Protection

Feature Benefit
Scrolling LED Display Easy English language interface
Magnetic Menu Keys Non-intrusive, avoids costly tools
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
RS485 Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
Great flexibility and future scalability
Opto isolated, Industry standard
Low installation cost, multi-drop
Meets HART interface standards
Local alarm activation
Indicating LEDs
Indicate Fault, Normal, Warning, Alarm conditions
individually
Range 0-100% LEL
Calibration Interval
3 months on Catalytic bead,
1 year on Infra-Red sensor,
low maintenance cost
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, PESO, SIL 2, CE Mark
Eexd IIC T6 IP66
GT-CT8900
Ultra IR800

Feature Benefit
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
RS485 Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
Indicating LEDs
Indicate Fault, Normal, Warning, Alarm conditions
individually
Range 0-2000/ 5,000/ 20,000/ 50,000 ppm
Calibration Interval One-year, low maintenance cost
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, CE Mark
Eexd IIC T6 IP66
Ultra IR800
CO2 Gas Detector

Feature Benefit
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
RS485 Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
Built in Isolated Safety
Barrier
Allows hot swapping, ease of maintenance
Wide Sensing Gas
O2, O3, CO, H2S, CL2, SO2, NO, NO2, NH3, CLO2, C2H3CL,
HCL, HCN, HF, H2, F2, SiH4, CH3OH
Calibration Interval 3 months, low maintenance cost
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, PESO, NEPSI, CPA, SIL 2, CE Mark
Eexd IIC T6 IP66
GQ-CE8900
Toxic Gas Detector

Feature Benefit
OLED Display Easy English language interface
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20mA
RS485 Modbus
Alarm Relays
Gas Sampling
Built-in high-performance diaphragm pump,
Fast Response T90 < 30 seconds
Auto-zeroing, calibration Uncompromised accuracy
Auto Self Cleaning
Improve operation performance
without interruptive maintenance
Built-in temperature and
humidity sensors
Ensures accurate readings even in humid environment
and real time compensation
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, CE Mark
Exd IIC T6 IP66
Ultra PI800
Toxic VOC Gas Detector

Feature Benefit
Application Detects Hydrocarbon Fires.
Field of View 90 Degrees
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
Dual Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
Reliable, Low installation cost, multi-drop
False Alarm Immunity
Highest, minimize costly shutdowns & false trips, Unique
Extra Low Sensitivity Setting for Hot Background (high
Radiation) environment
Long Sensitivity Range 1 sq ft N-Heptane from 65M in 5 seconds
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, FM, PESO, SIL 2, CE Mark
Performance : EN54-10, FM3260
Ex proof : Class 1 Division 1, Grp B,C,D or Exd IIC T6, IP67
Ultra FL800
Multi-Spectrum Flame Detector

Feature Benefit
Application Detects Hydrocarbon + H2 Fires.
Field of View 100 Degree Horizontal, 90 Degree Vertical
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
Dual Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
False Alarm Immunity High false alarm immunity
Long Sensitivity Range
1 sq ft N-Heptane from 65M
Hydrogen – 25M
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, SIL 2, CE Mark
Ex proof : Exd IIC T6, IP67
Ultra FL800
MultiSpectrum Quad IR Flame Detector

Coal Fired Power Plant – Capabilities
System Solution Capabilities in Singapore

Highlighted Project References

Project Reference: Mataburi Coal Power Plant
Country: Asia (Bangladesh)
Location: Maheshkhali
End User: Coal Power Generation Company
Bangladesh
EPC Contractor: IHI Japan / JEL Singapore
Date of completion: Year 2022
Bill of material
- 10 x Coal Silo CH4 & CO Gas sampling
system
- 10 x Pulverizer CO Gas sampling system
- 02 x Controller

Project Reference: Sylhet Gas Field – Catalytic Reforming Unit
Location: Sylhet
End User: Sylhet Gas Fields Limited
EPC Contractor: PT Istana Karang Laut
Bill of material
- 14 x Infrared Gas Detector
- 02 x Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Detector
- 01 x Hydrogen Gas Detector
- 22 x Multi-spectrum Flame Detector
- 01 LOT x Alarm Devices

Project Reference: Partex Condensate Refinery
Location: Chattogram
End User: Partex Petro Ltd
EPC Contractor: PT Istana Karang Laut
Bill of material
- 23 x Infrared Gas Detector

Country: Europe (Azerbaijan)
Location: Galmaz and Garadagh
End User: SOCAR
Bill of material
- 25 x LEL Gas Detector
- 20 x Flame Detector
- 10 x Horn
- 10 x Sounder
- 12 x Manual Call Point
Project Reference: Gas Conditioning Units at Galmaz and Garadagh

Project Reference: Majnoon Sour Gas Treatment Facility Project
Country: Middle East (Iraq)
Location: Basra
End User: BOC (Basra Oil Company)
EPC Contractor: CPECC Middle East
Date of delivery: Year 2022
Bill of material

Country: Asia (Singapore)
Location: Singapore
End User: Air Liquide
Bill of material
- 15 x CO Gas Detector
Project Reference: Air Liquide J12 – Steam Methane Reforming

Country: Asia (Singapore)
Location: Singapore
End User: Vopak Banyan Terminal
Date of completion: Year 2021- 2022
Bill of material
- 07 x O2 Gas Detector
- 04 x NH3 Gas Detector
Project Reference: Vopak Terminal

Country: Asia (Taiwan)
Location: Kaohsiung
End User: TSRC (Taiwan Synthetic Rubber)
Bill of material
- 25 x Butadiene Gas Detector
- 02 x Styrene Gas Detector
- 16 x Ammonia Gas Detector
- 02 x Benzene Gas Detector
- 1 LOT Local Alarm Buzzer
Project Reference: Taiwan Synthetic Rubber Plant

Country: Asia (Thailand)
Location: Rayong
End User: IRPC (PTT Group)
Date of completion: Year 2019 to 2022
Bill of material
- 10 x HCL Gas Detector
- 04 x CL2 Gas Detector
- 10 x NH3 Gas Detector
- 12 x H2S Gas Detector
Project Reference: IRPC Plant Projects
No. Project Name Year
1 Polypropylene Plant 2019
2 Polypropylene Carbonate Plant 2019
3 HDPE Plant 2020
4 Water Treatment Plant 2019
5 Power Plant 2019
6 Lube Base Plant 2019
7 UHV Plant 2020
8 Ethylene Plant 2020
9 EBSM Plant 2021
10 LDPE Plant 2021

Country: Asia (India)
Location: Offshore
End User: Petronas Exploration
Bill of material
- 50 x Flame Detector
- 02 x Test Lamp
Project Reference: Mahanagar Gas CNG Station

Country: Asia (Vietam)
Location: Vung Tau
End User: VSP (Vietsovpetro)
Bill of material
- 240 x Infrared LEL Gas Detector
Project Reference: Vietsovpetro Projects
1 Ca Tam 1 Well Head Platform 2018
2 MKS Gas Compression 2018
3 RP3 Platform, Dragon Oil 2019
4 BK-9 Well Head Platform 2019
5 CPP 2 Platform 2020
9 MSP 5 2020
10 RC-RB1 2021

• Combustible Gases
• Explosion or fire hazard
• Must maintain concentration below lower explosive limit (LEL)
• Toxic Gases
• Hazardous to human health and safety
• Employee exposure must be limited
• Oxygen Displacing Gases
• Indirect human health hazard
• Deficiency of breathing Oxygen
Gas Detection – Hazardous Gases

Combustion Requires
• Fuel Source
• Oxygen or Air
• Ignition Source
Gas Detection – Combustible Gases

Too Rich for
Combustion
Will Support
Combustion
Too Lean for
Combustion
Upper Explosive Limit
U.E.L.
Lower Explosive Limit
100 % L.E.L.
100%
0%
CONCENTRATION
(%
Volume
Gas
in
Air))
100% LEL Methane = 5% by volume
5%
15%

• Possible Ignition Sources
• Static Electricity Discharge
• Open Flames
• Hot Surfaces
• Mechanical Friction
• Electrical Arc or Spark
• Two Way Radio Transmitter
• Tools and Test Equipment

Hazard to Human Health and Life Safety
PPM = Parts Per Million
• 1% by volume = 10,000 ppm
• 1 ppm = .0001% by volume
Gas Detection – Toxic Gases

• Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
• Time Weighted Average (TWA)
• Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
• Immediate Danger to Life and Health (IDLH)
• Relative Gas Density
• RGasD Air = 1.0
• Lighter than air, Below 1.0
• Heavier than air, Above 1.0
Gas Detection – Toxic Gases

Conc. of
H2S in Air Toxic Symptoms
1 ppm Odor detected, irritation of respiratory tract
10 ppm Allowable for 8 hours exposure (OSHA)
20 ppm Protective equipment is necessary
100 ppm Smell killed in 5 to 15 minutes. May burn
eyes and throat; coughing
500 ppm Respiratory disturbances in 2 to 15 minutes. Coughing,
collapse & unconsciousness
1,000 ppm Immediate unconsciousness. Brain damage may result unless rescued
promptly. Death in 3 to 5 minutes.
Gas Detection – Hydrogen Sulphide Hazard

• OSHA General Industrial Safety Order for Hydrogen
Sulfide
• Permissible Exposure Limit
(Max. 8 hr. TWA) = 10 ppm
• Short Term Excursion Limit (STEL) = 15 ppm for 10 min/8 hrs
• IDLH = 100 ppm
• RGasD = 1.19
Gas Detection – Hydrogen Sulphide Hazard

Conc. of
CO in Air Toxic Symptoms
100 ppm Fatigue and feeling of being tired
400 ppm Headache within 1-2 hrs., widespread in 2.5 - 3.5 hrs.
500 ppm Dizziness, nausea, convulsions within 45 min.
1,600 ppm Headache, dizziness, nausea within 20 min. Death in 2 hours.
3,200 ppm Headache, nausea within 5-10 min. Death within 30 min.
6,400 ppm Headache, dizziness within 1-2 min. Death within 10-15 min.
12,800 ppm Death within 1-3 minutes.
Gas Detection – Carbon Monoxide Hazard

• OSHA General Industrial Safety Order for Carbon Monoxide
• IDLH = 1200 ppm
• RGasD = 0.97
Gas Detection – Carbon Monoxide Hazard

Conc. of
Cl2 in Air Toxic Symptoms
0.1 ppm Minimum concentration detectable by odor
3 ppm Difficulty breathing eye and throat irritation
10 ppm Causes serious throat irritation, smarting of eyes
30 ppm Coughing, more severe throat irritation, general feeling of discomfort
in the chest
40 ppm Respiratory reflexes, coughing, burning of eyes, nausea, vomiting.
Possible death within 30 minutes
100 ppm Death within a few breaths
Uses: Water purification, sanitation of industrial wastes, swimming pools, bleaching of pulp and
textiles, manufacture of various chemical compounds
Gas Detection – Chlorine Hazard

• OSHA General Industrial Safety Order for Chlorine
(Max. 8 hr. TWA) = 0.5 ppm
• Short Term Excursion Limit (STEL) =1 ppm for 15 min/8 hrs
• IDLH = 10 ppm
• RGasD = 2.47
Gas Detection – Chlorine Hazard

Conc. of
NH3 in Air Toxic Symptoms
2 ppm First perceptible odor
40 ppm Slight eye and throat irritation
100 ppm Acute Irritation of eyes and nasal passages
400 ppm Severe irritation of throat, nose, upper respiratory tract
700 ppm Severe eye irritation
1700 ppm Serious coughing, bronchial spasms, death within 30 min.
5000 ppm Serious edema, strangulation, asphyxia, death immediate
Uses: Refrigerant gas, used in soil fertilization, ammoniate fertilizers. Used in metal treating and
for extraction of metals from ores. Used as a neutralizing agent of acids in oil and in the
manufacture of various chemical compounds. Also used to purify municipal water
supplies.
Gas Detection – Ammonia Hazard

• OSHA General Industrial Safety Order for Ammonia
• IDLH = 300 ppm
• RGasD = 0.60

Oxygen
Content Symptoms Developed
20.9% Normal Oxygen concentration in air
15 - 19% Decreased ability to work strenuously.
May impair coordination
12 - 14% Respiration increases in exertion, pulse up, impaired
coordination, perception & judgment
8 - 10% Mental failure, fainting, unconsciousness, blueness of lips, nausea &
vomiting
6 - 8% 8 minutes, 100% fatal; 6 minutes, 50% fatal,
4 - 5 minutes, recovery with treatment
4 - 6% Coma in 40 seconds, convulsions, respiration ceases, death
Gas Detection – Oxygen Deficiency Hazard

• Industry Guidelines for Oxygen Deficiency
• Breathing gear required below 19.5% and above 23.5% Oxygen content in air
• Confined Space permit procedures may need be followed in some areas
Gas Detection – Oxygen Deficiency Hazard

Sensor Selection Technology
• Catalytic Bead
• Infrared
• Electrochemical
• PID

• Two alumina beads surrounded by platinum wire
• Bead 1 passivated
• Bead 2 catalyzed to react
• Catalyzed bead heats up with combustible gas,
increasing output of Wheatstone bridge signal
Catalytic Bead – Principle of Operation

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
Wavelength / µm
ABSORBANCE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
TRANSMITTANCE
[%]
METHANE
BANDPASS
FILTER
 Combustible gases absorb IR light energy at
defined wavelengths
 Higher concentration results in greater
absorbance
 Detector measures energy from the IR light and
compares to the energy emitted by source
 Difference in energy received indicates level
of gas concentration
• Detects Hydrocarbons but not Hydrogen
• Accurate & stable
• Calibration interval : 1 Year
• Low maintenance, Long Life
• Immune to catalytic bead poisons
• Range: 0-100% LEL
• Operates in high combustible gas and/or low oxygen environment
• Rapid recovery after exposure to 100% concentrations of
hydrocarbon gas
Infrared – Principle of Operation

• Current Generating Electrolytic Reaction
• High sensitivity for PPM levels of Toxic Gas
• Specificity to Gas of Interest
• Percent Volume for Oxygen Measurement
Electrochemical Cell – Principle of Operation

Counter Electrode
Sensing Electrode
(with catalysts)
Gaseous
Diffusion
Barrier
Electrolyte
Reservoir
Gas Permeable
Membrane
Gas Enters Through Permeable Membrane
O-Ring
Seal
Reference Electrode
4-20mA Loop Power
GQ-CE8900 Control
Electronics
Electrochemical Cell – Principle of Operation

• The PID sensor mainly consists of ultraviolet light source and ionization chamber
• The positive and negative electrodes are formed in the ionization chamber
• Organic volatile gas molecules produce positive and negative ions under the excitation of high energy ultraviolet
light source
• These ions produce ion currents under the action of the electric field, resulting in a positive and negative
electrode current
• After the current is amplified, the concentration of ppm is calculated.
Photo-ionisation (PID) – Principle of Operation

• Use engineering judgement
• Consider:
• Probability of gas leak
• Quantity of gas that could leak
• Environmental conditions
• Dilution rates and convection currents
• Density of gas
• Interfering gases
Gas Detection Sensor Placement

• Place sensors close to possible gas source
• Place sensors in areas where gas might accumulate
• Place toxic gas and oxygen deficiency sensors in the “breathing zone”
• Consider accessibility and maintenance issues
Gas Detection Sensor Placement

Major Gas Leakage Location
Flanges Valves Orifice Plate Pipeline (cracked)
Flammable Liquid Spill
Pipeline (sharp bend) Joint Connection Ventilation for confined space

• Ammonia Lighter
• Butane Heavier
• Carbon Dioxide Heavier
• Carbon Monoxide Slightly
Lighter
• Methane Lighter
• Chlorine Heavier
• Ethane Slightly
Heavier
• Ethylene Slightly
Lighter
• Heptane Heavier
• Hydrogen Lighter
Gas Weight in Relation to Air
• Hydrogen Chloride Heavier
• Hydrogen Cyanide Lighter
• Hydrogen Sulfide Heavier
• Methyl Alcohol Heavier
• Nitric Oxide Slightly Heavie
• Nitrogen Dioxide Heavier
• Pentane Heavier
• Propane Heavier
• Sulfur Dioxide Heavier
• Toluene Heavier

• Gas Detectors are Proactive
• Respond to event before it becomes a life hazard or fire
• Ventilate area to remove unwanted gas
Proactive Gas Detection

Index Gas Type Technology Range 1 Range 2 Range 3 Range 4 Range 5 Range 6
1 Acrolein Electrochemical Cell 2 ppm 5 ppm
2 Acrylonitrile Electrochemical Cell 50 ppm 100 ppm
3 Ammonia Electrochemical Cell 50 ppm 100 ppm 500 ppm
4 Butadiene Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm
5 Carbon Monoxide Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm 200 ppm 500 ppm
6 Chlorine Electrochemical Cell 5 ppm 10 ppm 20 ppm
7 Chlorine Dioxide Electrochemical Cell 1 ppm
8 Chloroethylene Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm 500 ppm
9 Dimethylbenzene Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm
10 Epoxypropane Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm
11 Ethylene Oxide Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm 20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm
12 Fluorine Electrochemical Cell 1 ppm
13 Formaldehyde Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm 20 ppm 50 ppm
14 Hydrocyanic Acid Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 30 ppm
15 Hydrogen Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm 1000 ppm 2000 ppm 5000 ppm 1% 4%
16 Hydrogen Chloride Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 30 ppm
17 Hydrogen Fluoride Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm
18 Hydrogen Sulfide Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 50 ppm 30 ppm 100 ppm 1000 ppm
19 Methanal Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm 20 ppm 50 ppm
20 Methanol Electrochemical Cell 50 ppm 100 ppm
21 Nitric Oxide Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm
22 Nitrogen Dioxide Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm
23 Oxirane Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm 20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm
24 Oxygen Electrochemical Cell 25% LL 30% HL 30% HH
25 Ozone Electrochemical Cell 1 ppm
26 Phenylethylene Electrochemical Cell 30 ppm
27 Phosphine(in N2) Electrochemical Cell 1 ppm 5 ppm
28 Phosphorane Electrochemical Cell 1 ppm 5 ppm
29 Propylene Oxide Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm
30 Silane Electrochemical Cell 10 ppm 50 ppm
31 Styrene Electrochemical Cell 30 ppm
32 Sulfur Dioxide Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 50 ppm
33 Vinyl Chloride(in N2) Electrochemical Cell 20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm 500 ppm
34 Xylene Electrochemical Cell 100 ppm
A Isobutylene Methylpropene Photoionization 20 ppm
B Benzene Photoionization 20 ppm
C Vinyl Chloride Photoionization 20 ppm
D Dimethyl Formamide Photoionization 20 ppm
E Tetra chloroethylene Photoionization 20 ppm
F Jet Fuel A1 Photoionization 20 ppm
G Epichlorohydrin Photoionization 20 ppm
H Aniline Photoionization 20 ppm
I Bromopropane Photoionization 20 ppm
J Phenol Photoionization 20 ppm
Gasensor Toxic Gas Detection List

• Sensor is to be calibrated periodically
• Sensor must be exposed to live gas standard to
validate performance
• Regular calibration compensates for
environmental changes
• Records must be maintained to meet OSHA
Due Diligence requirements
• Calibration gas must be certified as primary gas
standard
Calibration & Validation

• Each detector provides different performance capabilities
• Identify and Record Project performance requirements:
• Type of Target Gas
• Type of Application
• Target Gas and Detection Range
• Output to Third Party Monitoring System
• Required speed of response
• Call us for assistance on hazards detection
Hazard Assessment/Gas Detector Selection

Anatomy of Fire Source
CH
CH
C
CO
CH
CO2
H
C
CH4
CH3
H
C
 High UV
 High IR
 Light (Visible Light)
 Soot and Smoke

63
• Only suitable indoors
• Only ceiling mounted
• Unsuitable for high-ceiling structures
• Diffusion-based
Conventional Detection Limitations

64
• High-sensitivity
• High speed response capability
• Swivel-mount enables selectable field of view
Ultra FL800
Why Optical Flame Detection?

Lo
w
High
Manual
Call
Smoke
Fusible
Link
Heat
Rate of Rise
Optical
Flame
Conventional vs Optical Flame Sensing

• Common Fire Detection Spectrum
• Ultraviolet (UV)
• Combination UV/IR
• Multi-IR
• Cone Angle and Distance
• 90o
cone of vision
• 50 to 200’ distance common
Optical Flame Detection
Ultra FL800

Detecting spectral energy within specific frequencies
Electromagnetic Spectrum Principle

• Actual loss/catastrophe
• Fire department
requirement
• Insurance premium
benefit
• Recognition of
risk/preventative
measure
Customer Motivators

• Sense radiant energy from an open flame
• Provide different performance capabilities depending on type
• Provide varying levels of nuisance alarm rejection capability
Optical Flame Detection

70
• Defined differently depending upon the fuel:
• Liquid fuels defined by steel pan size, i.e. 1’ X 1’
• Gaseous fuels defined by flame height, orifice size, pressure
• Solid fuels defined by weight, size, and pre-ignition config.
• Examples:
• 1’ X 1’ gasoline fire (10kw)
• 30” methane plume fire from 3/8” o.d. orifice @ 3 psi (2kw)
• Wood crib fire arranged in 8” X 8” sq. stack
Fire Size Definition

71
• Some materials that affect flame detector sensitivity:
• smoke, dust, dirt UV absorber
• oil & grease UV absorber
• silicone-based cleaners UV absorber
• standard window glass UV absorber
• plastic films UV absorber
• water/ice/steam IR absorber
Attenuating Materials

72
• welding (arc & gas)
• metal grinding
• high voltage corona and arcing
• electric motor armatures
• combustion engine backfire
• lightning
• x-ray, nuclear radiation
• hot turbines, reactors, boilers
• flare stacks
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
UV nuisance
IR nuisance
All nuisance
Nuisance Alarm Sources

• Location of Flame Detector:
• Optical devices must have clear view of area
• 3-D cone of vision ranging from 90o
to 120o
• Sensitivity diminishes at edges of cone
• Sensitivity and range related to type of fire
• Doubling detector distance results in only ¼ of radiant energy
reaching detector
Selecting a Flame Detector Type

• Each detector provides different performance capabilities
• Identify and Record Project performance requirements:
• All fuel type(s)
• Fire size(s) that must be detected
• Detection distance (range) required
• Required speed of response
• All nuisance radiation sources
• Call us for assistance on hazards detection
Hazard Assessment/Flame Detector Selection

Hydrocarbon Fire Detection : UV/IR vs IR3
All Hydrocarbon (Fossil Fuel) fires radiate UV and Infrared energy. The UV sensor detects in the 185-260 nanometer
range and the IR sensor in the 4.4 micron range.
UV/IR Multi-spectrum IR3

Hydrocarbon Fire Detection : UV/IR vs IR3 - 2
1.UV/IR
a. UV : 185 – 260 nm, IR : 4.4µm
b. Radioactive Source from UV sensor content.
c. Frequent Maintenance : UV sensor is blinded by oil film, dust and require regular cleaning.
d. False Alarm : UV Sensor prone to false alarm when exposed to welding works
2.Multi-spectrum IR3
a. IR : 4.0-5.0 µm
b. Maintenance Free : not affected by oil film or dust.
c. High False Alarm Immunity : Higher integrity with IR sensors only

Multi-spectrum IR vs UV/IR - 3
1.UV/IR
e. Distance restricted by UV
technology. Up to 25 metres only.
f. Cone of vision : 90° H, 90° V
g. Coverage : more detectors are
required for the same area of
coverage.
2.Multi-spectrum IR3
d. Distance not restricted by UV
technology. Up to 65 metres.
e. Cone of vision : 90° H, 90° V
f. Coverage : lesser detectors are
required for the same area of
coverage.

Hydrocarbon Fire Detection : IR4 vs IR3
All Hydrocarbon (Fossil Fuel) fires produce Carbon, Carbon
Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide and partial hydrocarbon fuel in
different ratios. CO and CO2 are released in distinctive
intensity spikes, each identified by an individual IR sensor.
The last IR sensor is tuned to a proprietary wavelength
used to identify common false alarm sources.
Multi-spectrum IR4
MSIR
Sensor
Array

A. Analog-to-Digital Convertor
A.1 Convert IR sensor of various spectral wavelengths into digital format
B. Signal Pre-Processing
B.1 Pre-processed to extract time and frequency information
C. Neural Network Classification :
C.1 Compare against neural network algorithm (recorded database) with respect to time
and frequency information.
C.2 Result from classification
C.2.1 Immediate recognition of fire source / exactly match statistic from database
C.2.2 Immediate recognition of simulation from test lamp / exactly match statistic from
database
C.2.3 No detection of radiation or false fire source / not matching statistics from database
Hydrocarbon Fire Detection : Structure
IR1
IR2
IR3
IR4
A. Analog to
Digital Convertor
B. Signal Pre-
processing
C. ANN
Classification
D. Outpost Post
Processing
E. LED Indicators and Relays
E. 0 – 20 mA Analog Output
Sensor Data Collection Process Algorithms Instruments Outputs
D. Outpost Post-Processing
D.1 Neural Network post-processed to respective instruments outputs in E.1/2/3
E. Instruments Output
E.1 Analog Output 0 – 20mA
C.2.1 = Warning State followed by Alarm State/ 16.0 mA & 20.0 mA
C.2.2 = Test State / 8.0mA
C.2.3 = Normal State / 4.5 mA
E.2 LEDs and Relay
C.2.1 = Warning State followed by Alarm State/
Green LED Steady, Red LED Flashing per second to Green & Red LED
Steady
C.2.2 = Test State / Sequential pattern for Green, Yellow and Red LED
C.2.3 = Normal State / Green LED Steady

1. Introduction to Ultra FL800
 The Ultra IR800 sensor uses Multispectral (Four) Infrared Technology to detect Hydrocarbon Fire.
1. Introduction to Ultra FL800

TB1 TB2
1 4-20mA Current Output 1 FLT_COM Fault Relay COM
2 4-20mA Current Output 2 FLT_NO Fault Relay
3 MOD2+
MODBUS
Communication
3 ALM_COM Alarm Relay COM
4 MOD2- 4 ALM_NO Alarm Relay
5 MOD1+ 5 WAN_COM
Warning Relay
COM
6 MOD1- 6 WAN_NO Warning Relay
7 RLY_IO Relay Reset 7 CAL_IO Communication
Reset
8 TEST_IO Test Mode
Activate 8 +24V +Power Supply
9 +24V + Power Supply 9 COM -Power Supply
10 +COM - Power Supply 10 EGND Chassis Gnd
3. Wiring Connections (Standard)
Non Isolated configuration(Source)

3. Wiring Connections (Others)
Non Isolated configuration (Sink)) Isolated configuration (Source)
Isolated configuration (Sink) Non Isolated configuration(Source)

TB1 TB2
1 24V_ISO External PS 1 FLT_COM Fault Relay COM
2 4-20mA Current Output 2 FLT_NO Fault Relay
3 MOD2+
MODBUS
Communication
3 ALM_COM Alarm Relay COM
4 MOD2- 4 ALM_NO Alarm Relay
5 MOD1+ 5 WAN_COM
Warning Relay
COM
6 MOD1- 6 WAN_NO Warning Relay
7 RLY_IO Relay Reset 7 CAL_IO Communication
Reset
8 TEST_IO Test Mode
Activate 8 +24V +Power Supply
9 +24V + Power Supply 9 COM -Power Supply
10 +COM - Power Supply 10 EGND Chassis Gnd
3. Wiring Connections (Upon Special Request)
Isolated configuration (Sink)

4. Dip Switch Selection Setting & Sensitivity Setting

5. LED Indicator Display
No. Status Green Yellow Red Remark
1 Power up
3 LEDs flashing once per second, continue for 15
seconds
2 Ready State On Off Off
3
Fault of Optical Path
(COPS Fault)
Off
Flashing once per
second
Off
4 Other fault Off On Off
5 Test Mode Activated Off On Off 5-8 second
AO = 8.0mA
6 Test Mode Warning On On
Flashing once per
second
Delay Setting
AO = 16.0mA
7 Test Mode Alarm On On On 120 second
AO = 20.0mA
8 Warning On Off Flashing once per
second
9 Alarm On Off On

5. COPS (Continuous
Optical Path
Scanning)
•Ultra FL800 flame detector has the function
of continuous optical path scan, which self
checks the optical path, sensors and relevant
electronic circuit every 2 minutes. If there is
object on the front window surface of
detector leading to retardation of the optical
path, the detector will send signal
representing optical path fault after 4
minutes. The output current from the
detector will be 2.0mA (HART is 3.5 mA).
When optical path fault occurs, fault relay is
energized, in the meantime this status is
transmitted by MODBUS (RS 485). The optical
path self check interval is raised to 20 seconds
from 2 minutes after the occurrence of an
optical path fault. Only after the obstacle is
eliminated, the self check interval will be
restored to 2 minutes.
Optical Check

Feature Benefit
Application Detects Hydrocarbon Fires.
Field of View 90 Degrees
Multi Interface
Analog 4-20 mA
Dual Modbus
HART
Alarm Relays
False Alarm Immunity
Highest, minimize costly shutdowns & false trips, Unique
Extra Low Sensitivity Setting for Hot Background (high
Radiation) environment
Long Sensitivity Range 1 sq ft N-Heptane from 65M in 5 seconds
Approvals
ATEX, IECEx, FM, PESO, SIL 2, CE Mark
Performance : EN54-10, FM3260
Ex proof : Class 1 Division 1, Grp B,C,D or Exd IIC T6, IP66
Ultra FL800
Multi-Spectrum Flame Detector

Refining
Petrochemicals
Oil & Gas
Offshore
Facilities
Natural Gas
Pipelines
Application Expertise

Protecting Lives, Safeguarding Assets
 Gasensor Technology Pte Ltd

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Editor's Notes