Gaza Blockade
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The document is a research paper that analyzes how the BBC, CNN, and Al Jazeera covered the Gaza blockade in 2010. It used content analysis to categorize 20 randomly selected articles from each network. The analysis found that coverage differed based on cultural, ideological, and religious perspectives between the networks. Al Jazeera took a more interpretive approach and highlighted political details, while the BBC and CNN focused more on domestic audiences and presented shorter news items with less interpretation. The document discusses relevant communication theories like war journalism, banal journalism, and Orientalism that help explain the differences in coverage.
Gaza Blockade
- 1. The Gaza BlockadeGlobal News Networks: clash of civilizations or cross cultural dialogue ?Is the Gaza blockade presented differently by BBC, CNN and Al Jazeera ?
- 2. Tuesday, 7 December 20102The Gaza Blockade IntroductionHypothesisConflict Background Methodology TheoryFindingsAnalysis ConclusionBibliography Table of ContentsTuesday, 7 December 2010The Gaza Blockade
- 3. “international news-making is inherently domestic, paradoxically local and above all national” (Lee, 2000: 295) Gaza Blockade:(a) Represented differently(b) Subject to differences:Cultural
- 4. Ideological
- 5. ReligiousTuesday, 7 December 20103The Gaza Blockade Introduction: Hypothesis
- 6. The Gaza StripTerritory on the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea
- 7. Borders Egypt and predominantly Israel.
- 8. Conflict based on a land, air, and sea blockade by Israel and Egypt.
- 9. Considered a humanitarian disaster.Tuesday, 7 December 20104The Gaza Blockade Introduction: Conflict Background
- 10. Method Content Analysis carried out on Gaza Blockade articles run by Aljazeera, BBC and CNN Sample: 20 articles randomly collected from the online editions appearing in the year 2010.The articles were categorized under 5 sections.LimitationsContent analysis in itself may not always be as reliable as it implies: Kimberly A. Neuendorf suggests that when human coders are used in content analysis, reliability translates to "the amount of agreement or correspondence among two or more coders." (Neuendorf, 2002) inherently reductive: some important aspects such language and writing style cannot be categorizedMethodology: Quantitative ResearchTuesday, 7 December 20105The Gaza Blockade
- 11. War JournalismAssociated with heroism and conflict, focuses on the emotional rather than on the rational, and satisfies news value demands. (Shinar, 2007)“Banal Journalism “‘A sense of we-ness and they-ness appears to run through all human societies.’( Elliott 1968: 268)Most of what passes as mainstream journalism (“banal journalism”) is constructed upon the key binary of ‘us’ and ‘them’. (Allan, 2005)TheoryTuesday, 7 December 20106The Gaza Blockade {“The people handling this crisis are men. It is men who perpetrated this violence and men who organise the response.” (Allan, 2005: pp. 289)If truth is the first casualty of war…it is appropriate to say that understanding is the second. (Allan and Zelizer, 2004)
- 12. Orientalism Orientalism particularly valuable as a sign of European-Atlantic power over the Orient.
- 13. It is, rather than express, a certain will or intention to understand, in some cases control, manipulate , even to incorporate what is a manifestly different world
- 14. Edward Said’s notion of ‘Orientalism’ is particularly usefull.Tuesday, 7 December 20107The Gaza Blockade TheoryAccording to Said (1978) Orientalism is a Western construct for “dominating, restructuring and having authority over the Orient.”
- 15. Al-Jazeera English (AJE), a subsidiary of Qatar’s Al-Jazeera Arabic network – launched on the 15th of November 2006.
- 16. First global English language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East
- 17. ‘The ‘South’ here is not meant to be geographical. It is symbolic. It is a lifestyle because in the West, you have a lot of South as well. In Britain, you have South. In Europe, you have South. The South denotes the voiceless in general’ (Helal, 2008).Tuesday, 7 December 20108The Gaza Blockade Findings:Al-Jazeera
- 18. The BBC Representative for the European Continent
- 19. One of the oldest media outlet
- 20. solid reputation for accurate reporting. The content analysis uncovered: that the conflict is depicted from a domestic point of view
- 22. Sharp depiction of the conflict from the point of view of the British citizens that took part on the flotilla raid.Tuesday, 7 December 20109The Gaza Blockade Findings: the BBC
- 23. Tuesday, 7 December 201010The Gaza Blockade Findings:CNNMilitary activity was the most important topic, as opposed to politicalHuman interest stories: timeliness, personalisation, impact, conflict, and emotionThe term ‘military occupation’ has never been mentionedForeign politicians only quoted in a diplomatic contextArticles tend to omit women, as expectedIn 2007, honestreporting.com accused CNN of giving ‘little or no reason for the blockade’ in its articlescxc
- 24. Analysis Tuesday, 7 December 201011The Gaza Blockade
- 25. Analysis Tuesday, 7 December 201012The Gaza Blockade A sense of "we-ness" lurks in the background in-depth, interpretative approach to political details of the GAZA Blockade. No interpretations. Short, blunt news items.Orientalism
- 26. Tuesday, 7 December 201013The Gaza Blockade