Gcse c6 science making useful salts
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Salts are produced industrially using various methods depending on the desired salt. Chemists experiment on a small scale to determine the optimal production method before scaling up. They consider using the pure metal, metal oxide, metal carbonate, or metal hydroxide depending on reactivity, and choose the fastest and highest yielding process. Production is monitored using techniques like weighing flasks over time or measuring pH or color changes to track reaction rates and determine yields.
Gcse c6 science making useful salts
- 1. Making useful salts - salt production and optimum conditions and yields
- 2. Salts are made on an industrial scale for a wide range of uses. The table shows information about some salts.
- 3. The ‘parent acid’ of a salt is the acid that is needed to make the salt, for example calcium phosphate is made using phosphoric acid . Common acids used in laboratories are nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
- 5. Making salts Chemists work in the chemical industry to find the best method to make salts. The chemists make salts on a small scale in the laboratory before thinking of ways to scale up the experiment so that it works on a factory scale.
- 6. Making salts There are different starting chemicals that can be reacted with the parent acid to make the salt. The pure metal can sometimes be used. The metal cannot be used if it is too reactive. Instead, the chemists use the metal oxide, metal carbonate or metal hydroxide .
- 7. The flow chart shows how to choose the best method for making a dilute solution of a particular salt. http://www.docbrown.info/page03/AcidsBasesSalts/AcidBaseQmcF.htm
- 8. Following the reaction Chemists are interested in making salts as quickly as possible and also in getting the best yield possible . A fast process with a high yield will probably be the most profitable for the company. To find out about the rate of reaction and the yield, chemists use a range of methods of following the reaction. For example, if a carbonate is being used to make the salt, the mass of the flask and its contents can be measured during the reaction. A data logger can collect the information and show the results on a graph. The results can be used to follow the rate of reaction during the experiment.
- 10. Another method of following the reaction can be used if a titration is being carried out. The pH of the reaction mixture can be measured so that the chemists can see when the solution is neutral. Using a pH meter Using a chemical indicator
- 11. Yield At the end of the experiment, the crystals that are made can be dried in an oven or a desiccator and then weighed. The mass of the crystals can then be used to work out the percentage yield. Chemists work to adapt their experiments to get the highest yield possible.