General illumination design
- 1. GENERAL ILLUMINATION DESIGN Presented by: Mohd Javed Mohd Wasiuddin Mohd Sharik
- 2. INTRODUCTION-ILLUMINATION • Play vital role in our daily life. • It create an attractive medium and make the positive impression. • Good illumination brings employee satisfaction, performance, comfort and safety. • In shops, galleries and public places, it creates ambience and helps to accentuates the architectural environment. • It influence our well-being, the aesthetic effect and the mood of the room or area.
- 3. 1). Light show at Burj Khalifa 2). 3 D optical illusion 3). Simple creativity
- 4. WHY IS IT REQUIRED?? • FOCUS: Directing the public attention to an area of the region or distracting them from other. • CONTRAST: Illuminating of an object or area so that it becomes brighter than its surroundings. • REVELATION OF FORMS: Altering the perspective of shapes on space, particularly 3-D Elements.
- 5. • ILLUMINATION LEVEL: Degree of illumination is important as it gives the necessary brightness to the object to be viewed. • GLARE: If the light enters directly to the eye in large quantities, it produce glare. It can be avoided by increasing the height of the lamp and using proper reflection. • SHADOW: Long and sharp shadow cause rapid fatigue of eye. This should be avoided. It may possible by employing large number of lamps and employing wide surface source of light.
- 6. PROCESS OF ILLUMINATION DESIGNING 1. Identifying the requirements 2. Determine the method of lighting 3. Select the lighting equipment 4. Calculate the lighting parameters 5. Determine the control system 6. Choice of Luminaire
- 7. 1. IDENTIFYING THE REQUIREMENT This involves gaining a full understanding of what the lighting installation is intended to achieve. This includes the following: • Task Requirements Illuminance Glare • Mood of the space • Relation to shape of space • Things to be emphasised • Things to hide • Direction of light • Interaction of daylight
- 8. 2. DETERMINE THE METHOD OF THE LIGHTNING • At this stage, consideration is given to how the light is to be delivered. • Example, will it be recessed, surface mounted, direct or indirect, or will up-lighting be used, and its primary characteristics, e.g. will it be prismatic, low brightness or mellow light. • Consideration should be given at this stage to the use of daylight to minimise the need for artificial light.
- 9. 3. SELECT THE LIGHTNING EQUIPMENT Once the method of lighting has been selected, the most appropriate light source can then be chosen followed by the luminaire. The following attributes should be studied when choosing the light source: • Light output (lumens) • Total input wattage • Efficacy (lumens per Watt) • Lifetime • Physical size • Surface brightness / glare • Colour characteristics • Electrical characteristics • Requirement for control gear • Compatibility with existing electrical system • Suitability for the operating environment
- 10. 4. CALCULATE THE LIGHTING PARAMETERS Lighting calculation methods fall into three broad categories: 1). Manual calculations methods. Average illuminance E(h) can be calculated by ‘lumen method’ as: 2).Three dimensional modelling 3).Visualisation where: F – the initial bare lamp flux (lumens) n – the number of lamps per luminaire N – the number of luminaires LLF – the total light loss factor UF(s) – the utilization factor for the reference surfaces of the chosen luminaire
- 11. 5. DETERMINE THE CONTROL SYSTEM The effectiveness and efficiency of any lighting installation is affected as much by the control system as by the light sources and fixtures chosen. • Providing multiple switches to control the number of lights that come on at any one time • Placing switches at the exits from rooms and using two-way switching to encourage lights to be turned off when leaving the room. • Using ‘smart’ light switches and fittings which use movement sensors to turn lights on and off automatically • Using solar powered lighting for garden and security lights.
- 12. 6. CHOICE OF LUMINAIRE The performance of a luminaire should be considered just as carefully as its cost. The salient features of a good quality luminaire are: • Sound mechanical and electrical construction and a durable finish • Adequate screening of high luminance lamps to minimise discomfort and glare • Adequate heat dissipation to prevent over-heating of the lamp, wiring and ancillary equipment • High light output ratio with the appropriate light distribution • Ease of installation, cleaning and maintenance
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