Genetically Modified Plants ppt
- 1. Emerging issues of genetically modified plants Presented by Varsha Deveedass Department of molecular biology and Genetics Tittle
- 3. What is GMP (genetically modified plants) ? Genetic modification (GM) is the area of biotechnology which concerns itself with the manipulation of the genetic material in living organisms, enabling them to perform specific functions. Genetic modification of plants involves adding a specific stretch of DNA into the plant's genome, giving it new or different characteristics. This could include changing the way the plant grows, or making it resistant to a particular disease Genetic modification in plants was first recorded 10,000 years ago in Southwest Asia where humans first bred plants through artificial selection and selective breeding. Since then, advancements in agriculture science and technology have brought about the current GM crop revolution.
- 4. Emerging issues of GM plants • Among the potential risks are pests becoming resistant, crops gaining weediness and GM foods posing safety issues to both human and animals and these are studied extensively. This has resulted in science-based risk assessment and management that safeguard safety to humans, animals and environment. • GMO plants might have a different balance of toxins, increasing the risk of harm to humans. Specific health concerns include an increased risk of cancer and infertility, although research on the risks of GMO plant toxins is very limited.
- 5. Environmental issues • environmental impacts associated with using crop biotechnology (specifically genetically modified crops) in global agriculture. • It focuses on the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use and greenhouse gas emissions arising from the use of GM crops since their first widespread commercial use 22 years ago.
- 6. Development of insect's resistance • The use of Bt crops is that it will lead to the development of insect's resistance to Bt toxins.
- 7. Gene flow • Accidental cross breeding between GM plants and traditional verities.
- 8. Changes in the soil
- 9. Biodiversity changes A major concern of genetically modified organisms is that they will cause reduced genetic diversity of plants and animals in the environment.
- 10. GM labeling in plants/ crops
- 14. Ethical issues • Five sets of ethical concerns have been raised about GM crops: 1. potential harm to human health; 2. potential damage to the environment; 3. impact on traditional farming practice; 4. excessive corporate dominance; 5. and the 'unnaturalness' of the technology
- 15. Conclusion • It is known that the main concerns about adverse effects of GM foods on health are the transfer of antibiotic resistance, toxicity and allergenicity. There are two issues from an allergic standpoint. • Issues of concern include: the capability of the GMO to escape and potentially introduce the engineered genes into wild populations; the persistence of the gene after the GMO has been harvested; the susceptibility of non-target organisms (e.g., insects which are not pests) to the gene product
- 16. Thank you