This document discusses seed germination and dormancy. It describes three types of germination - epigeal, hypogeal, and viviparous germination. Seed germination is influenced by biotic factors like viability and dormancy period as well as abiotic factors such as light, temperature, oxygen, and soil conditions. There are three types of dormancy - exogenous, endogenous, and combinational, which can be caused by physical, mechanical, chemical, physiological or morphological conditions. Combinational dormancy occurs when both external and internal factors influence dormancy.