Gestione della configurazione in Drupal 8
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This document discusses configuration management in Drupal 8. It provides an overview of how configuration is stored and managed in Drupal 8 compared to Drupal 7. Key changes include configuration being stored in files in the active directory rather than the database, and a standardized approach using YAML files. The document also demonstrates the process of modifying configuration on a development site, exporting changes, and importing them into a production site. It notes some limitations and work still needed in the configuration management system.
![#DrupalDaysIT
Configuration in settings.php
$config_directories['active'] =
'sites/default/files/config_al6ppw6/active';
$config_directories['staging'] =
'sites/default/files/config_al6ppw6/staging';
The random string is for extra security.
The two directories can be out of the Drupal root.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/drupal-8-cmi-preview-140515020045-phpapp01/85/Gestione-della-configurazione-in-Drupal-8-25-320.jpg)
![#DrupalDaysIT
Caveat: Import Can Break Things
$ [export config]
$ rm node.type.page.yml
$ [import config]
Existing pages are orphaned and unusable; always
make a backup dump or review changes carefully!](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/drupal-8-cmi-preview-140515020045-phpapp01/85/Gestione-della-configurazione-in-Drupal-8-36-320.jpg)
![#DrupalDaysIT
Caveat: No Consistency Check
$ [export config]
$ vim system.theme.yml
$ cat system.theme.yml # Typo in name!
admin: seven
default: barTtik
$ [import config]
An invalid configuration is imported and applied;
style is broken.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/drupal-8-cmi-preview-140515020045-phpapp01/85/Gestione-della-configurazione-in-Drupal-8-37-320.jpg)
Gestione della configurazione in Drupal 8
- 1. Gestione della configurazioneGestione della configurazione in Drupal 8in Drupal 8 Andrea Pescetti – NuvoleAndrea Pescetti – Nuvole
- 2. Nuvole Parma – Brussels – Prague Pioneers of Code Driven Development: configuration management for Drupal 6 and Drupal 7. Successfully used in projects for many international organizations.
- 3. #DrupalDaysIT Configuration Management An overview and practical introduction for site builders.
- 4. #DrupalDaysIT Configuration Management Initiative “Site configuration information in D8 is stored in files in your library’s directory, making it much simpler to transport configuration changes such as new content types, fields, or views from development to production.” The initial goal, with some implementation differences, was reached. CMI already works in the Drupal 8 branch.
- 5. #DrupalDaysIT Reference Use Case Modify the configuration of a production site: • Keeping the site online all the time. • Developing/testing the new configuration on a development copy. • Exporting the configuration changes from development and importing them in production.
- 6. #DrupalDaysIT Step 1 of 6: Clone Site to Dev PRODUCTION Copy: • Database • Full Drupal tree • Files DEVELOPMENT Restore the copy
- 7. #DrupalDaysIT Step 2 of 6: Modify Configuration PRODUCTION Site operates normally: new users, new content. DEVELOPMENT
- 8. #DrupalDaysIT Step 3 of 6: Export Configuration PRODUCTION Site operates normally: new users, new content. DEVELOPMENT
- 9. #DrupalDaysIT Step 4 of 6: Import in Staging PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT
- 10. #DrupalDaysIT Step 5 of 6: Review Changes PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT
- 11. #DrupalDaysIT Step 6 of 6: Apply Changes PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT
- 12. #DrupalDaysIT There's Much More... • This is only the site builder's user experience. • CMI is still under active development. • Significant changes can still occur before Drupal 8 is released.
- 13. #DrupalDaysIT From Drupal 7 to Drupal 8 What changed. What improved. What's still missing.
- 14. #DrupalDaysIT 87 D7 to D8: Configuration is defined Are vocabularies configuration? Are taxonomy terms configuration? If it's in the config, it's configuration!
- 15. #DrupalDaysIT 87 D7 to D8: Configuration Storage Database Text files (well... text files stored in DB by default)
- 16. #DrupalDaysIT 87 D7 to D8: Uniform Approach Variables DB Tables CTools Features Black magic... Text files in YAML format
- 17. #DrupalDaysIT 87 D7 to D8: Staging Configuration Through Features, revert to apply Native
- 18. #DrupalDaysIT 87 D7 to D8: Interface to Developers “Exportables” from CTools and bag of (incompatible) tricks “Configurables” as PHP classes (entities)
- 19. #DrupalDaysIT D7 to D8: Comparison 1/2 D7 Core D7 Core+ Features D8 Core Export full site config (no content) NO NO YES Export selected config items NO YES YES Track config changes (full site) NO NO YES Track config changes (selected items) NO YES YES
- 20. #DrupalDaysIT D7 to D8: Comparison 2/2 D7 Core D7 Core+ Features D8 Core Stage configuration NO YES YES Package configuration NO YES NO Reuse configuration in other projects NO YES NO Collaborate on the same project NO YES NO
- 21. #DrupalDaysIT Is CMI “Features Done Right”? No. It is a nice way to replace and improve one use case for Features: making configuration exportable into text files.
- 22. #DrupalDaysIT Is CMI “Features Done Wrong”? No. It is a huge step forward to developers and it paves the way for additional modules that could offer the same functionality of Drupal 7 + Features in a much cleaner and more reliable way.
- 23. #DrupalDaysIT A Closer Look at CMI Under the hood. Caveats and pending developments.
- 24. #DrupalDaysIT Two Levels of Configuration Active store The real site configuration. If you only configure “D7-style”, you'll use this one and never see CMI. Staging store Temporary area for configuration files that are to be reviewed and imported.
- 25. #DrupalDaysIT Configuration in settings.php $config_directories['active'] = 'sites/default/files/config_al6ppw6/active'; $config_directories['staging'] = 'sites/default/files/config_al6ppw6/staging'; The random string is for extra security. The two directories can be out of the Drupal root.
- 26. #DrupalDaysIT A Look at the Active Store $ ls sites/default/files/config_al6ppw6/active $ Empty?
- 27. #DrupalDaysIT Files are in Database MySQL> select name FROM config; +---------------------------------+ | name | +---------------------------------+ | bartik.settings | | ... | | views.view.who_s_new | | views.view.who_s_online | +---------------------------------+ 166 rows in set Files are binary blobs in DB (backend pluggable)
- 28. #DrupalDaysIT Why the Database? Performance It's faster than reading/parsing files. Safety No temptation to edit files “because you can”. Security Less likely to leave read access accidentally open.
- 29. #DrupalDaysIT YAML Example: in Drupal
- 30. #DrupalDaysIT YAML Example: in Exported Config $ cat image.style.large.yml name: large label: 'Large (480x480)' status: true uuid: 15dda024-4160-40e2-b305 langcode: en dependencies: { } effects: ddd73aa7-4bd6-4c85-b600: uuid: ddd73aa7-4bd6-4c85-b600 id: image_scale ...
- 31. #DrupalDaysIT YAML Example: in Default Config $ pwd .../core/modules/system/config/install $ cat system.site.yml uuid: '' name: Drupal mail: '' slogan: '' page: 403: '' 404: '' front: user admin_compact_mode: false
- 32. #DrupalDaysIT YAML Example: After Install
- 33. #DrupalDaysIT UUIDs Everywhere Good Prevent any possible conflicts. Bad “Universally Unique” clashes with “Reusable” (especially with relations).
- 34. #DrupalDaysIT Caveat: CMI is for the Same Site No portability, by design The export/import cycle is assumed to be between multiple version (dev, production) of the same Drupal project.
- 35. #DrupalDaysIT Caveat: CMI is not Atomic $ cat user.role.authenticated.yml id: authenticated label: 'Authenticated user' weight: 1 permissions: - 'use text format plain_text' - 'access content' - 'use text format basic_html' - 'access comments' Can't package a “feature” reusing whole files. Need for an intermediate layer.
- 36. #DrupalDaysIT Caveat: Import Can Break Things $ [export config] $ rm node.type.page.yml $ [import config] Existing pages are orphaned and unusable; always make a backup dump or review changes carefully!
- 37. #DrupalDaysIT Caveat: No Consistency Check $ [export config] $ vim system.theme.yml $ cat system.theme.yml # Typo in name! admin: seven default: barTtik $ [import config] An invalid configuration is imported and applied; style is broken.
- 38. #DrupalDaysIT Pending: Install from Existing Config Issue 1613424 Idea: create a clean copy (all config, no content) of a production site. Theoretically, possible by providing an “install fom existing config” choice as if it were an installation profile (see issue for discussion).
- 39. #DrupalDaysIT Pending: Robust Synchronization Issue 2121751 Idea: Synchronize sites in a stable way, handling possible conflicts. Use case: handle gracefully the case where the same View was created independently on production and development (see issue for discussion).
- 40. #DrupalDaysIT CMI for Developers Configurables. How to work with configuration.
- 41. #DrupalDaysIT Configurables As everything in Drupal 8, object-oriented interface: abstract class ConfigEntityBase Namespace DrupalCoreConfigEntity
- 42. #DrupalDaysIT Configurables are Entities class ConfigEntityBase extends Entity { ... } DrupalCoreEntityEntity |- DrupalCoreConfigEntityConfigEntityBase - DrupalCoreEntityContentEntityBase Two namespaces: one for config, one for content.
- 43. #DrupalDaysIT Retrieving Configuration Objects Drupal::config($name) Where $name is the configuration object (filename of the YAML file, without the .yml extension). Example: $site_name = Drupal::config('system.site') ->get('name');
- 44. #DrupalDaysIT Modifying Configuration Objects Drupal::config('system.site') ->set('name', 'Drupal 8 test') ->save(); The active store is immediately modified. The staging store is not used.
- 45. #DrupalDaysIT Drush 7.x Integration config-list (cli) List config names by prefix. config-export (cex) Export config from the active store. config-import (cim) Import config from a config dir. config-get (cget) Display a config value, or a whole configuration object. config-set (cset) Set a config value directly in the active configuration.