Grade_8_ICSE_Chemistry_Hyperdoc presenta

Grade 8
ICSE
CHEMISTRY
KIRTHIKA

Table of Contents
Meeting ID: 587 219 6163
Password: NeevICSE
This is a running
document in which you
will write all your running
notes & assignments etc
kirthika.s@neevschools.com
Email id
ZOOM LINK Note taking book

Instructions
Please Note:
● Note taking should be done in your Chemistry notebook
only.
● Make sure you make a note of all your observations and
important points taught in class.
● Your notebook should be an active document and showcase
the progress of your learning till date

Contents of This year
1. Matter
2. Physical and Chemical Changes
3. Elements, compounds and mixtures
4. Atomic Structure
5. Language of Chemistry
6. Chemical reactions
7. Hydrogen
8. Water
9. Carbon and its compounds

Text book
Chapter 2
Text book
Chapter 1

Children will be able to:
● describe the main postulates of the kinetic theory of matter;
● explain the reason of change of one state of the matter to another
and vice-versa on the basis of inter particle space and inter particle
attraction and collision;
● define and explain the law of conservation of mass using an
example.
Learning Outcomes

Matter
What are the main postulate of
Kinetic Theory of Matter
Let’s Discuss & make notes
Here
Let’s Discuss & make
note

Watch the
video to
visualise the
particle
nature of
matter

Wonder why they are arranged the way
they are?
Wonder
Describe the arrangement of particles
in each matter in your own words.
Describe

Learn:
Simulatio
n
Play with the
simulation to see
the change in
matter while
changing the force
of attraction

Compare
the
collision
and
energy
transger

Annotate this comparison table

GASES
3
States
of
matte
r
LIQUIDS
SOLIDS
WHAT DOES THE ABOVE INFOGRAPHIC
SYMBOLISE?

Phase
Change
Simulatio
n
Think
Wond
er
See
Watch the simulation
carefully
Think about the effect of
temperature on matter
Wonder, what is the role
of heat energy in the
different phase changes
seen in matter?

Assignment - 13-5-2022
Class work
Read textbook
pg 1-6
Home work
Pg 8 Exercise
Q 1- 13
Submission
To be
completed in
the notebook

Maybe You Need
to BUST the
MISCONCEPTION
Post reading
Retell 1 common
misconception that you
have busted today
Reading
Retell
Is
Evaporation
and Boiling
same?????
Borrow at least 1
point from each of
your peers retelling.
Learning pool activity

The law of
conservati
on of mass
Antoine Lavoisier

Very Important
Go through the
site
Make note of
the following:
■Statement
■Explanation
■Experimental
evidence
■Limitations of
the law

Physical &
Chemical
Changes
Revision
02

● illustrate different changes occurring in nature with examples learned in
previous classes;
● perform some activities to show some well-knwn changes;
● differentiate between physical and chemical changes & classify the changes;
Learning Outcomes

Changes
Changes around us
Every day you come across many changes in your surroundings. These
changes may involve one or more substances. For example, your mother
may ask you to dissolve sugar in water to make a cold drink. Making a
sugar solution is a change. Similarly, setting curd from milk is a change.
Sometimes milk becomes sour. Souring of milk is a change. Stretched
rubber band also represents a change.

Give at least 1 instance for each change
given below
Ex: Ex:
Ex: Ex:
Ex:
Ex:
Fast Undesirable
Desirable Slow
Non periodic
Periodic
Ex: Ex:
Ex:
Natural Reversible
Man made
Ex:
Ex:
Chemical
Physical
Ex:
Irreversible

Learn:
Simulatio
n
Play with the
simulation to see
the types of
changes that
happen around us

From the simulation
● What do you understand?
What is Physical Change?
What is Chemical Change?
● What is the nature of change?
● Is there a formation of product?
● Do you see a change in mass?
● What is the role of ENERGY in both?

Physical Change
Properties such as shape, size, colour and state of a
substance are called its physical properties. A
change in which a substance undergoes a change in
its physical properties is called a physical change.
A physical change is generally reversible. In such a
change no new substance is formed.

Chemical Change
A change in which a new substance is formed and
the change is irreversible and permanent in nature.
The new substance has properties and compositions
which are different from that of the original substance.

ACTIVITY 1
Video
You can explain
the changes
observed
Characteristic
Characteristic
Video
You can explain
your product or
your service
Characteristic
Characteristic
Activity
2
Activity
3
Activity
1
Video
You can explain
the changes
observed
Characteristic
Characteristic
Characteristics will tell the nature, formation or production of new substance and what
causes the change.

ACTIVITY 2
Video
Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+ H2
You can explain the
changes observed
Characteristic
Characteristic
Video
You can explain
your product or
your service
Characteristic
Characteristic
Activity
5
Activity
6
Activity
4
Video
You can explain
the changes
observed
Characteristic
Characteristic
Characteristics will tell the nature, formation or production of new substance and what
causes the change.

Identify the physical
and chemical changes
that occur and list the
characteristics
Class individual
work
Go through the
gallery walk
Make your own
copy of the google
slides. List the
characteristics on
the slide itself.
Submit the pdf of
the completed
work.
This is
considered for
the internals.

Complete slides 31
Class work
Read textbook
pg 10-13
Home work
Pg 15 Exercise
Q 1-10
Due- 27-5-22
Submission
To be
completed in
the notebook

Total marks- 25
Reading time: 5 minutes
Writing Time: 40 minutes
Portions: Chapter 1- Matter & its composition
Chapter 2- Physical & chemical
property
Unit test-1

Elements,
compounds and
mixtures
03

● Recall previous knowledge related to elements, compounds and mixtures.
● Classify substances into elements, compounds and mixtures on the basis of
their properties.
● Perform activities to separate mixtures.
● Explain the principle involved in using a particular technique in separating a
mixture.
Learning Outcomes

Classif
y
Let’s classify matter
HERE
Tapping on to prior
knowledge

Pure substance & Mixtures
The meaning of pure
The word 'pure' is used in chemistry in a different way from its
everyday meaning. For example, shops sell cartons labelled as 'pure'
orange juice. The label means that the contents are just orange juice,
with no other substances added. However, the juice is not pure in the
chemical sense, because it contains different substances mixed
together.

Pure substance & Mixtures
In chemistry:
● a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound
● a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not
chemically joined together
The components of a mixture can be separated without chemical reactions

Different types of chemical substance
● an element contains just one type of atom
● a compound contains two or more types of atom joined together
● a mixture contains two or more different substances that are not
joined together
● the different substances in a mixture can be elements or
compounds

Grade_8_ICSE_Chemistry_Hyperdoc presenta

Sorting
Sort the pictures to classify them
into Elements, compounds and
mixtures
Here
Diagnostics

An
ATOM
When you SEE this image what comes to your mind?
Let’s Discuss

Atomic Structure
+
+
-
-
Electrons in orbit
Nucleus and nucleon number
Protons and atomic number
Neutrons

Atomic number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1H 2He
3Li 4Be 5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
19K 20Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
ATOMIC NUMBER OR PROTON NUMBER
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Symbol “Z” How about the electrons???
+
+
+
+
4Be
In periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

Explain- Nucleon number
MASS NUMBER OR NUCLEON NUMBER
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus . Symbol “A”
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1H 2He
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
+
+
+
+
4Be
9

Chemical Symbols
Each element is represented by its own chemical
symbol. A chemical symbol:
● consists of one or two letters
● always starts with a capital letter, with any other letter
in lower case
● The periodic table shows the names and symbols of
the elements.

Periodic
table
Here
Check out how
METALS, NON METALS,
METALLOIDS AND
NOBLE GASES are
arranged in the PT
Refer to textbook Pg 18 & 19
Let’s check our progress HERE. Are your ready for a quiz?????

A collection of two or more
atoms held together by
chemical bonds.
There can be molecules of
ELEMENTS or
COMPOUNDS.
H2
Molecule
Molecules
O2
Molecule
H
2 O Molecule
CO
2 Molecule

I2
Br2
Cl2
F2
02
N2
H2
Chemical
formulae of
elements
A chemical formula is used to represent an element or
compound in balanced chemical equations. Formulae
differ, depending on the elements they represent.
The formulae for most elements is just their symbol, but
there is a group of non-metal elements that exist as
molecules that contain two atoms joined together. To
show this, their formulae all have a subscript number 2
in them.
A mnemonic can be used to remember these elements:
IBring Clay For Our New House

CO2
H20
SO2
NO2
Chemical
formulae of
compounds
A substance formed by the chemical union of two or
more elements is called a compound. The chemical
formula for a compound shows:
● the symbols for each element in the compound
● the number of atoms of each element in a unit of
the compound
Non metal
Compounds
CaO
NaCl
MgO
MgCl
2
Metal
Compounds

Go through slides 37 to 53
Class work
Read textbook
pg 17-21
Home work
Pg 32 Exercise
Q 1-4
Due- 18-7-22
Submission
To be done in
the notebook

Characteristics of
Compound
A compound contains atoms of different elements, chemically joined
together. Compounds form in chemical reactions, and you need other
chemical reactions to separate a compound into its elements. The diagrams
show what happens when iron filings and sulfur powder react together in a
chemical reaction, rather than just mix together.
The iron and sulfur atoms in iron sulfide are joined together, so they cannot
easily be separated

Revisiting Characteristics of Mixtures
Refer to textbook pg 22
Read about the Term Mixture
List 3 Characteristics of mixtures
Differentiate between the 2 types of mixtures
Give 1 example for each type of mixture.

Comparative
study
Text book Pg 21 & 22

Element Compound
Composition Definite composition – you cannot vary the
amount of each element in a compound
Joined or not The different elements are chemically joined
together
Properties The compound has properties different from
the elements it contains
Separation It can only be separated into its elements
using chemical reactions
Examples Water, carbon dioxide, magnesium oxide,
sodium chloride

Mixture Compound
Composition Variable composition – you can vary
the amount of each substance in a
mixture
Definite composition – you cannot vary the
amount of each element in a compound
Joined or not The different substances are not
chemically joined together
The different elements are chemically joined
together
Properties Each substance in the mixture keeps
its own properties
The compound has properties different from
the elements it contains
Separation Each substance is easily separated
from the mixture
It can only be separated into its elements
using chemical reactions
Examples Air, sea water, most rocks Water, carbon dioxide, magnesium oxide,
sodium chloride

Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture
Proportion of
constituents
Properties &
Composition
Examples
2 solids
Examples
Solid+liquid
Examples
2 liquids
Examples
2 gases

Liquid Gas
mixture
Complex
mixtures
Solid Solid
mixture
Liquid Liquid
mixture
Gas Gas mixture
Solid Liquid
mixture
Types of mixtures
Methods of seperation
- Sublimation
- Magnetic separation
- Solvent extraction
- Fractional crystallization
- Separating funnel
- Fractional distillation
- Boiling - Chromatography
- Centrifuge
- Filtration
- Sedimentation
- Evaporation
- Distillation
- Diffusion
- Solubility in solvent

Solid Solid mixture
- Sublimation
● Watch the simulation
● List all the important
apparatus used in the
experiment
● Identify the sublimable solid
& non sublimable solid

Solid Solid mixture
- Magnetic separation
● Watch the Video
● List all the materials that can
be separated using this
method

Solid Solid mixture
- Solvent extraction of A- Sulphur & B- Charcoal mixture.
● Watch the simulation
● Identify the solvent used.
● Which solid from the mixture is
soluble and which is insoluble?
● What technique is used to separate
the solution from the insoluble solid?
● How is the soluble solid obtained?
Note: The simulation has iron as the insoluble B sample. Sometimes the same technique is used to remove copper from sulpur.
This is one of the safest method to separate sulphur as burning the iron ore or copper ore or the coal with sulphur impurity will release
a toxic gas - Sulpur dioxide which further causes acid rain when let into the atmosphere. Thus burning fossil fuel coal can also
causes acid rain and global warming.

Solid Solid mixture- Self study
- Fractional Crystallisation
● Watch the Video
● Make a note of the different
temperature at which the
mixtures dissolve.
● Identify the solid which
separates 1st and give reason,
why?
● How is the 2nd solid obtained?
● List the precautions to be taken
while performing.

Solid Liquid mixture
- Filtration
● List the apparatus required.
● Fill in the blanks:
The ____________ that is left on the
filter paper is called the __________.
The ________ that passed through the
filter paper and collected in the
__________ is called the
____________.

- Sedimentation & Decantation
- Evaporation
Go through the site to make your
own notes.
Give one real life example of
evaporation.

Class work
Read textbook
pg 17-28
Home work
Pg 32 Exercise
Q 5-10
Due- 27-7-22
Submit
Here

- Distillation
Watch the video
The process of distillation involves two process:
● __________________
● __________________
List all the precautions that have to
be taken to conduct distillation.
Refer to textbook page 28.
Note the difference between the
video and text book distillation
Identify the pure Distillate and the
impurity separated.

Liquid Liquid mixture
- Separating Funnel
Watch the video
The process is used to separate
(partition) the components of a
mixture between two immiscible
solvent phases of different densities.
Watch the video

Liquid Liquid mixture
- Fractional distillation
HOw is fractional distillation different
from simple distillation?
Watch the simulation
Let’s list down the practical
applications of both.

Paper chromatography
Paper chromatography is used to separate small
amount of mixtures usually of coloured
substances such as inks and dyes.
Different substances move at different speed by
the solvent. This allows the different components to
separate as the solvent moves up the filter paper.
This separation allows us to identify the different
components of the mixture.
Complex mixture

Complex mixture
Centrifugation is the process that
uses centrifugal force for the
separation of two components(solid
or liquid) in a mixture. In this
process, the denser component of
the mixture migrates away from the
axis and the lighter component
migrates towards the axis.

Class work
Read textbook
pg 29-30
Home work
Pg 32 Exercise
Q 11-12
Due- 11-8-22
Submission
To be
completed in
the notebook

Additional resource
PPT
Video
Notes
End of chapter 3 test
Date 17-8-2022
20 marks
Written test

● describe that an atom consists of electrons, protons and neutrons;
● define atomic number and mass number;
● discuss valency of elements and radicals with respect to the number of
hydrogen atoms combining with one atom of the element.
Learning Outcomes

Engage
:Self
Study
Watch the video
On discovery of
atom and its 3
subatomic
particles

Explore: Atomic Structure
+
+
-
-
Electrons in orbit
Nucleus and nucleon number
Protons and atomic number
Neutrons

Explain: Atomic number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1H 2He
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
ATOMIC NUMBER OR PROTON NUMBER
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Symbol “Z” How about the electrons???
+
+
+
+
4Be
In periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

Explain: Nucleon number
MASS NUMBER OR NUCLEON NUMBER
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus . Symbol “A”
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1H 2He
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
+
+
+
+
4Be
9

● Elements are arranged in rows, called periods, in order
of increasing atomic number from left to right.
● Elements with similar properties are placed in vertical
columns, called groups
Groups and Periods on
Periodic table

Valency
In order to write chemical formulas you need to know the valency of
the elements.
Valency is defined as the combining capacity of an element.
Watch the video

List of Valency
What do you observe just
by looking at this periodic
table?
-How are group numbers
and the valency of the
element related?
Write this down in your
notebook

List of Valency
So how do we
use these
valencies to
write down
chemical
formulas

Steps to write a chemical formula
Steps to write a chemical formula
Step 1: Write the symbol of the
elements with its valency
(combining capacity)
Step 2: Interchange the combining
capacity (valency)of the elements being
combined
Step 3: Write the interchanged number
with the symbol (formula)
Sodium and Chlorine
Na +1 + Cl -1
Na 1 Cl 1
NaCl
Al +3 + Cl -1
Al 1 Cl 3
AlCl3

Using the valency list - Try some
Try these out on your own using the valency
list
1) Lithium + Fluorine
2) Hydrogen and Oxygen
3) Magnesium and oxygen
4) Calcium and Chlorine
5) Aluminium and Sulphur
6) Potassium and Chlorine
7) Silicon and Fluorine
8) Zinc (+2) and Oxygen
9) Phosphorus and Oxygen
10)Boron and Fluorine

Class work
Read textbook
pg 34-43
Home work
Pg 45 Exercise
Q 1-14
Due- 07-9-22
Submission
To be
completed in
the notebook

End of chapter 4 test
Date 00-9-2022
20 marks
Written test

● recall the symbols of different elements;
● derive the formulae of compounds on the basis of valencies of elements and
radicals;
● write chemical equation of a reaction;
● balance chemical equations by applying the law of conservation of mass.
Learning Outcomes

Chemical Symbols
Each element is represented by its own chemical
symbol. A chemical symbol:
● consists of one or two letters
● always starts with a capital letter, with any other
letter in lower case
● The periodic table shows the names and symbols
of the elements.

Symbol
Watch the video
Follow the instructions given in the video
- Reflect on the common mistakes that usually students make
while writing chemical symbols.
- What will you do this time to get the chemical symbols correct.

A mnemonic can be used to remember the 1st 20
elements:
HERE
Come let’s and learn about elements in the periodic
table
HERE

Variable Valency
VARIABLE Valency is defined as the variation in the loss or gain of
electrons during a chemical reaction.
Watch the video
Make note of the differences between oxides of IRON

Let’s check our
progress
before we
move ahead
Quiz

Grade_8_ICSE_Chemistry_Hyperdoc presenta

More Related Content

Similar to Grade_8_ICSE_Chemistry_Hyperdoc presenta (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Grade_8_ICSE_Chemistry_Hyperdoc presenta

Editor's Notes