Grid Un-Locked - Week 2
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The document discusses the challenges and trends in local and regional transit systems, emphasizing the need for clear vision and effective planning driven by data collection and analysis. Major trends impacting transit include demographic shifts, preferences for urban living, advancements in technology, and the rise of performance-based public-private partnerships. Transit funding sources and innovative mobility solutions, such as mobile apps and integrated data sharing, are also highlighted as critical components for the future of transportation planning.
Grid Un-Locked - Week 2
- 4. Sarasota Transportation 101 “Local and Regional Transit Plans” October 3, 2017 Richard Biter Senior Transportation Advisor and Former Assistant Secretary, Florida Department of Transportation (Ret.)
- 5. Issues to be covered • What is the purpose of Transit Systems? • Major Trends • Importance of Data Collection and Analysis • Transit Planning • Transit Funding • Wrap-up
- 6. What is the purpose of Transit Systems? – Reduce congestion – Provide commuter service – Provide transportation for those who (for whatever reason) can’t or do not want to drive – Provide good paying jobs – Point to point service – Origin to destination service – Transportation integrator of all local and regional forms of people movement – Provide mobility service regardless of cost • People often have totally different views/concepts of what a Transit System is and what it is supposed accomplish • Without a clear and unified vision, is it any wonder why so many Transit Systems face extreme challenges?
- 7. Seven Major Trends Over The Past 5- 10 years • Demographic changes, with Baby Boomers and Millennials in large numbers • Preferences for urban living and more flexible lifestyles • WiFi, GPS, sensors and smartphones • Anywhere everywhere connectivity • Car driving/ownership preference changes • Travel as part of life experiences • Redefining transport through new street designs, service Source: Timothy Papandreou, Director, Office of Innovation at San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, “The (Likely) future of Urban Mobility: Key trends, issues and opportunities for cities,” LinkedIn post, August 25, 2015, http://www.racfoundation.org/research/mobility/380610
- 8. Major Trends Over The Next 5-10 years • Synchronizing and connecting every network • Performance-based public–private partnerships becoming the norm rather than the exception • Diversification and consolidation of transport manufacturers and providers • Modular, combined shared e-mobility systems to scale in urban areas • Commercial deliveries and phased introduction of drones • Driverless vehicles and their potential • MaaS (Mobility as a Service), with routing, booking, payment, unlocking, gamification and trading Source: Timothy Papandreou, Director, Office of Innovation at San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, “The (Likely) future of Urban Mobility: Key trends, issues and opportunities for cities,” LinkedIn post, August 25, 2015, http://www.racfoundation.org/research/mobility/380610
- 9. “Performance-based public–private partnerships becoming the norm rather than the exception” • Most Transit Systems in U.S. are operated by public agencies however, some have begun to contract out some or all their operations to cut costs and/or provide new and more efficient services (e.g., Origin to Destination, Special Needs, etc.) • Transit operators typically retain vehicle ownership and direct private operators over routes and schedules they are to operate • U.S. Transit Agencies that contract out all their operations include Phoenix, Las Vegas and Honolulu • U.S. Transit Agencies that contract out only a portion of their routes include Denver, Orange County, CA and Los Angeles
- 10. Mobile Apps…A New Game Changer
- 11. FHWA (2016) Categorizes Mobility Apps Into Eight Sub-Categories • Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Sharing Apps (e.g., Zipcar). • Mobility Trackers (e.g., GPS Tracker Pro). • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Sharing Apps (e.g., Spinlister). • Public Transit Apps (e.g., Washington, DC’s Metrorail and Metrobus). • Real-Time Information Apps (e.g., Snarl). • Ridesourcing/TNC Apps (e.g., UberPOOL and Lyft Line). • Taxi e-Hail Apps (e.g., Flywheel). • Trip Aggregator Apps (e.g., Transit App).
- 12. Using Private Sector Apps to Plan a Local Trip Moovit
- 13. Using Private Sector Apps to Plan a Local Trip (cont.) Moovit
- 14. Using Private Sector Apps to Plan a Local Trip (cont.) Google Transit
- 15. Data Collection and Analysis • New and exponentially growing transit data sources and databases • Data sharing can help planners as well as engineers gain deeper insight into the transportation system. • Access to more information enables users to make more informed choices • Need to have a common data sharing platform that can be standardized across various data warehouses however, data sharing not prevalent among all • Key Takeaway: Data enables Information which enables Knowledge which ultimately (and hopefully!!) enables Wisdom!!
- 16. Florida Transit Information System (FTIS) • Florida Transit Information System (FTIS) is a suite of web-based systems developed for transit planning applications in Florida. The current version of FTIS includes the following four major systems: – Urban Integrated National Transit Database (Urban iNTD): A web-based system for the retrieval and analysis of multiple years of urban National Transit Database (NTD). – Rural Integrated National Transit Database (Rural iNTD): A web-based system for the retrieval and analysis of multiple years of rural National Transit Database (NTD). – Florida Transit Data Exchange (FTDE): A web-based system for the sharing of planning-related spatial data of the Florida fixed-route transit agencies. These include General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) and geographic information system (GIS) data. – Automated Transit Stop Inventory Model (ATSIM): A web-based mobile system for the collection, analysis, and maintenance of transit stop inventories
- 17. Transit Planning • As we have discussed, effective Transit Planning begins with having a clear vision and understanding for what the Transit System has been charted to accomplish • Data collection and analysis is the lifeblood of planning • Need to comply with local, State and Federal short and long term planning requirements • Key Consideration: Does Transit Planning Drive Funding or Does Funding Drive Transit Planning? • Who is the Customer? • What level of integration is needed with other modes/types of passenger mobility needs? • How will future technologies impact transit operations? • How will land use policies affect planning? • How do and will environmental polices and technologies impact transit planning? • How will funding impact transit planning?
- 19. Transit Funding • There are Four basic revenue sources of transit funding: – Fare Revenues – Local Funding – State Funding – Federal Funding
- 20. FTA National Transit Database SCAT 2014 Profile (Partial Cutout)
- 21. Florida Department of Transportation Public Transit Office • The mission of the FDOT Transit Office is to "identify, support, advance and manage cost effective, efficient and safe transportation systems and alternatives to maximize the passenger carrying capacity of surface transportation facilities." • The FDOT Transit Office consists of three sections (Grants Administration; Transit Operations; Transit Planning) each of which has specific areas of responsibility. • It is considered the prime intermediary between the Federal Transit Administration and Florida Transit Agencies
- 22. • The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) provides financial and technical assistance to local public transit systems, including buses, subways, light rail, commuter rail, trolleys and ferries • FTA also oversees safety measures and helps develop next-generation technology research
- 23. Federal Transit Grant Programs Title Description Type Bus & Bus Facilities Infrastructure Investment Program Provides funding through a competitive allocation process to states and transit agencies to replace, rehabilitate and purchase buses and related equipment and to construct bus-related facilities. The competitive allocation provides funding for major improvements to bus transit systems that would not be achievable through formula allocations. Competitive Capital Investment Grants - 5309 FTA’s primary grant program for funding major transit capital investments, including heavy rail, commuter rail, light rail, streetcars, and bus rapid transit, this discretionary grant program is unlike most others in government. Instead of an annual call for applications and selection of awardees, the law requires that projects seeking CIG funding complete a series of steps over several years to be eligible for funding. Competitive Enhanced Mobility of Seniors & Individuals with Disabilities - Section 5310 Formula funding to states for the purpose of assisting private nonprofit groups in meeting transportation needs of the elderly and persons with disabilities. Competitive Expedited Project Delivery for Capital Investment Grants Pilot - 5309(**) Allows up to eight projects over the life of the pilot program to be selected for expedited grant awards. Projects must be supported through a public-private partnership and demonstrate local financial commitment, technical capacity, and a certification that the existing transit system is in a state of good repair. Competitive Flexible Funding Programs - National Highway Performance Program - 23 USC 119 Provides support for the condition and performance of the National Highway System (NHS), for the construction of new facilities on the NHS, and to ensure that investments of Federal funds in highway construction are directed to support progress toward the achievement of performance targets established in a State’s asset management plan for the NHS. Formula Flexible Funding Programs - Surface Transportation Block Grant Program - 23 USC 133 Provides funding that may be used by states and localities for a wide range of projects to preserve and improve the conditions and performance of surface transportation, including highway, transit, intercity bus, bicycle and pedestrian projects. Formula Formula Grants for Rural Areas - 5311 Provides capital, planning, and operating assistance to states to support public transportation in rural areas with populations less than 50,000, where many residents often rely on public transit to reach their destinations. Formula
- 24. FTA Transit Grant Programs (cont.) Grants for Buses and Bus Facilities Formula Program - 5339(a) Provides funding to states and transit agencies through a statutory formula to replace, rehabilitate and purchase buses and related equipment and to construct bus-related facilities. In addition to the formula allocation, this program includes two discretionary components: The Bus and Bus Facilities Discretionary Program and the Low or No Emissions Bus Discretionary Program. Formula Human Resources & Training - 5314 (b) Provides for grants or contracts for human resource and workforce development programs as they apply to public transportation activities. Formula Low and No-Emission Component Assessment Program (LoNo-CAP) On September 29, 2016, FTA announced the opportunity for eligible institutions of higher education to apply for funding to conduct testing, evaluation, and analysis of low or no emission (LoNo) components intended for use in LoNo transit buses used to provide public transportation. The deadline for applications is November 28, 2016. Competitive Low or No Emission Vehicle Program - 5339(c) Provides funding through a competitive process to states and transit agencies to purchase or lease low or no emission transit buses and related equipment, or to lease, construct, or rehabilitate facilities to support low or no emission transit buses. The program provides funding to support the wider deployment of advanced propulsion technologies within the nation’s transit fleet. Competitive Metropolitan & Statewide Planning and NonMetropolitan Transportation Planning - 5303, 5304, 5305 Provides funding and procedural requirements for multimodal transportation planning in metropolitan areas and states. Planning needs to be cooperative, continuous, and comprehensive, resulting in long-range plans and short-range programs reflecting transportation investment priorities. Formula Mobility on Demand (MOD) Sandbox Demonstration Program - 5312 Funds projects that promote innovative business models to deliver high quality, seamless and equitable mobility options for all travelers. Competitive Passenger Ferry Grant Program - Section 5307 Provides competitive funding to public ferry systems in urbanized areas. Competitive Pilot Program for Transit-Oriented Development Planning - 5309 Provides funding to local communities to integrate land use and transportation planning with a transit capital investment that will seek funding through the Capital Investment Grant (CIG) Program. Competitive
- 25. FTA Transit Grant Programs (cont.) Public Transportation Emergency Relief Program - 5324 Helps states and public transportation systems pay for protecting, repairing, and/or replacing equipment and facilities that may suffer or have suffered serious damage as a result of an emergency, including natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes. It provides authorization for Section 5307 and 5311 funds to be used for disaster relief in response to a declared disaster. Formula Public Transportation Innovation - 5312 Provides funding to develop innovative products and services assisting transit agencies in better meeting the needs of their customers. Competitive Public Transportation on Indian Reservations Program; Tribal Transit Program The Tribal Transit Program is a set-aside from the Formula Grants for Rural Areas program consisting of a $25 million formula program and a $5 million discretionary grant program subject to the availability of appropriations. A 10-percent local match is required under the discretionary program, however, there is no local match required under the formula program. Formula and Competitive Rural Transportation Assistance Program - 5311(b)(3) Provides funding to states for developing training, technical assistance, research, and related support services in rural areas. The program also includes a national program that provides information and materials for use by local operators and state administering agencies and supports research and technical assistance projects of national interest. Formula Safety Research and Demonstration Program The Safety Research and Demonstration (SRD) Program is part of a larger safety research effort at the U.S. Department of Transportation that provides technical and financial support for transit agencies to pursue innovative approaches to eliminate or mitigate safety hazards. The SRD program focuses on demonstration of technologies and safer designs. Competitive State of Good Repair Grants - 5337 Provides capital assistance for maintenance, replacement, and rehabilitation projects of existing high-intensity fixed guideway and high-intensity motorbus systems to maintain a state of good repair. Additionally, SGR grants are eligible Formula Technical Assistance & Standards Development - 5314(a) Provides funding for technical assistance programs and activities that improve the management and delivery of public transportation and development of the transit industry workforce. Formula
- 26. FTA Transit Grant Programs (cont.) Transit Cooperative Research Program - 5312(i) Research program that develops near-term, practical solutions such as best practices, transit security guidelines, testing prototypes, and new planning and management tools. Competitive Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) Program The Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery Program (TIGER) provides funding for innovative, multi-modal and multi-jurisdictional transportation projects that promise significant economic and environmental benefits to an entire metropolitan area, a region, or the nation. Competitive Tribal Transit Formula Grants - 5311(c)(2)(B) Provides funding to federally recognized Indian tribes to provide public transportation services on and around Indian reservations or tribal land in rural areas. Funding is provided as a set-aside within of the Formula Grants to Rural Areas program and allocated both by statutory formula and through a competitive discretionary program. Formula Urbanized Area Formula Grants - 5307 Provides funding to public transit systems in Urbanized Areas (UZA) for public transportation capital, planning, job access and reverse commute projects, as well as operating expenses in certain circumstances. Formula Zero Emission Research Opportunity (ZERO) On November 22, 2016, FTA announced the opportunity for nonprofit organizations to apply for funding to conduct research, demonstrations, testing, and evaluation of zero emission and related technology for public transportation applications. Competitive
- 27. Wrap-UP • Public Transit Operators deal with an array of policies and objectives from different governmental and regulatory agencies, while trying to satisfy the needs of the traveling public simultaneously…Not Easy! • Information Age brings new challenges and opportunities • New and integrated technology and increasing public/private partnerships will transform traditional Transit Systems as we know it • Exponential growth of transit data sources and integrated data warehouses • Transit Planning is complex • There are numerous local, State and Federal transit funding sources.
- 28. Thank You! Richard Biter Senior Transportation Advisor and Former Assistant Secretary, Florida Department of Transportation (Ret.) rich@biter.com Cell: (410)-829-7817