Haszeldine - Royal Academy Engineering, London 4 Nov 2009
1 like230 views
This document discusses methods for capturing carbon from power plants and the atmosphere. It received a £4M science and innovation award. Key methods discussed include cryogenic distillation, liquid absorption with amines, adsorption using novel materials, and membranes. The document also discusses using biochar to achieve negative carbon emissions from biomass and establishing a UK biochar research centre.
Haszeldine - Royal Academy Engineering, London 4 Nov 2009
- 1. Carbon Capture from power Established expertise on storage Plant and atmosphere Science and Innovation Award £4M EP/F034520/1 CCS: Biochar: reduced CO2 emissions negative CO2 emissions from from fossil mega-sources biomass mini-sources s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 1 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 2 North Capture methods • Cryogenic distillation – mature Sea • Liquid absorption (amines) – rollout and testing rim: • Adsorption (CO2, O2, H2 – pre or post combustion) CCS – Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes – Novel packings (monoliths) grid – Novel optimized materials UK and • Membranes (CO2, O2, H2 – pre or post combustion) Scotland – Novel optimized materials can offer – Mixed matrix materials offshore storage • Looping post combustion gas or coal: carrier, fluid dynamics capacity to EU 27 Basic science ==> materials ==> test performance ==> industrial scale s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 3 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 4 New methods of industrial Amine optimisation (Graeme White) scale CO2 capture 1 new staff University of Edinburgh: Dr 2 new staff Heriot-Watt University Gas-Liquid Contacting Column Optimise internal packing to Amines, Engineered microporous solids, chemical looping ensure good gas-liquid contact to gain maximum mass transfer efficiency s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 5 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 6 1
- 2. Pressure swing (Stefano Brandani) Chemical looping (Raffaella Ocone) • Combining power generation with CO2 separation • CCL low cost, high efficiency N2, O2 MxO y CO2 + H2O Air Reactor Fuel Reactor ! Most common set-up: " Air Reactor CFB # Air MxO y-1 Fuel Fuel Reactor Bubbling Bed ! Oxygen carrier MCO3, MOx s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 7 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 8 Biochar Dimensions Proposition: Three new lecturer staff, UK and international links Anthropogenic emissions are committed to > 2C rise Dr Simon Shackley (ex-Tyndall) - Techno-social, also CCS Extracting CO2 from atmosphere is desirable Dr Saran Sohi (ex-Rothamsted) - Soil science Storing carbon in soil can maintain / increase fertility Dr Ondrej Masek (ex-Cranfield) - pyrolysis engineering Slow pyrolysis (200-800 C) of biomass, 3 x PDRA Peter Brownsort, Miranda Prendergast-Miller, Andy Cross Producing ‘charcoal’ intended for application to soil Impact ambitions globally : 1 Gt C /yr 6 - 12 PhD - 2 in place UK Biochar Research Centre @ Edinburgh s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 9 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 10 Example activity Co-firing BECS UK mandates 3-5% biomass in central power plant Drax is planning 10% by 2011 Co-fired plants tested to 10% , progressing to 30% UK slow pyrolysis unit Field trials : UK + 7% yield Since January 2009, research sponsorship £ 400k from: DEFRA, Shell, ProNatura, C Gold …. If CCS (90%) fitted to co-fired plant, ==> neutral, potentially -ve Dedicated UK laboratory: under construction s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 11 s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 12 2
- 3. Carbon Capture Interactive Public Understanding $ %&' ' ()%* s.haszeldine@ed.ac.uk UK CCS Community, London 4 Nov 2009 13 3