hhtp (3).pptx hyper text transfer protocol
- 1. HTTP
- 2. 2 HTTP HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It's the foundation of the World Wide Web, and it's how web browsers communicate with web servers to fetch and display web pages. The protocol transfers data in the form of plan text , hypertext , audio , video , and so on.
- 3. HTTP TRANSACTION HTTP transaction between the client and server. HTTP uses the services TCP , HTTP itself is a stateless protocol. There are two general type of HTTP messages : request and response . Both message type follow almost the same format .
- 4. REQUEST MESSAGES An HTTP request message is a series of lines sent from a client (usually a web browser) to a server to request a resource. A request message consists of a request line , headers , and sometimes a body .
- 5. 5 REQUEST LINE A request line is the first line of an HTTP request message sent by a client (usually a web browser) to a server. It consists of three parts: 1. Method: The HTTP method being used (e.g., GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.) 2. Request target: The URL or path of the resource being requested 3. HTTP version: The version of the HTTP protocol being used (e.g., HTTP/1.1) Request type method URL HTTP version
- 6. 6 METHODS Indicate the action to be performed on a resource. Here are the main HTTP methods: 1. GET: Retrieve a resource 2. POST: Create a new resource or send data to a server 3. PUT: Update an existing resource 4. DELETE: Delete a resource 5. HEAD: Retrieve metadata about a resource (without the response body) 6. OPTIONS: Describe supported HTTP methods for a resource 7. CONNECT: Establish a tunnel to a resource (for HTTPS) 8. PATCH: Partially update an existing resource. The method are used to interact with resources on the web , such as fetching web pages , submitting forms ,
- 7. 7 URL URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It's a unique address that identifies a specific resource on the internet, such as a web page, image, video, or document. In an HTTP request message, the URL is included in the request line. It specifies the path or resource that the client wants to access on the server. Example: GET /images/logo.png HTTP/1.1 In this example, /images/logo.png is the URL of the image that the client is requesting. The server will then locate and send the image to the client.
- 8. 8 HEADERS Headers in Request Messages Headers in request messages are sent from the client (e.g., web browser) to the server. They provide information about the client, the desired content, and any relevant metadata. Headers in Response Messages Headers in response messages are sent from the server to the client. They provide information about the response, such as the status of the request, the content type, and caching instructions.
- 9. 9 CATEGORIES OF HEADERS 1. General Header The general header gives general information about the messages and can present in both a request and a response. 2. Request Header The request can be present only in a request messages. It specifies the clientβs configuration and the clientβs preferred document format. 3. Response Header The request can be present only in a response messages. It specifies the serverβs configuration and special information about the request. 4. Entity Header The Entity Header gives information about the body of the document . Although it is mostly present in response messages , some request messages . Such as POST and PUT method , that contain a body also use this type of header.
- 10. 10 RESPONSE MESSAGE An HTTP response message is a series of lines sent from a server to a client in response to an HTTP request. It typically consists of three parts: 1.Status Line: This line indicates the status of the request, including the HTTP version, status code, and a reason phrase. 2.Headers: A series of key-value pairs that provide additional information about the response. 3.Response Body: The content of the response, which depends on the type of request and the status code Example of an HTTP response message: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 06 Sep 2024 00:00:32 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu) Content-Length: 12 Content-Type: text/plain Hello, world!
- 11. 11 EXAMPLE:
- 12. 12 THANK YOU