實戰 Hhvm extension php conf 2014

實戰 HHVM Extension
Ricky Su
@phpconf2014

About me
Ricky 是我哥
● Symfony 愛好者
● PHP也有Day 固定攝影師。
● 目前在擔任高級水電工。
玩體驗
● ricky@ez2.us
● http://www.facebook.com/ricky.su.35
● http://ricky.ez2.us/ (目前Server掛點中)

HipHop (HPHPc)
● 由 Facebook 於 2010年2月2日發布
● 將 PHP 轉換成 C++，再透過 g++ 編
譯執行檔。
● 於2013年2月19日被官方棄用。

HHVM
● 透過 JIT 的方式加速 PHP 執行。
● 運行速度已經超越 HPHPc。
● 除了 PHP 外，還支援了 Hack Lang。
● 只支援 x64 平台，未來會支援 ARM。
● 目前 Facebook 的 PHP 程式皆運行在
HHVM 上。

fibonacci(40)
<?php
function fibonacci($n)
{
return $n<2?$n:fibonacci($n-1)+fibonacci($n-2);
}

HHVM benchmark
Less is better

HHVM Extension benchmark
Less is better

Hack Lang
<?hh
function fibonacci(int $n):int
{
return $n<2?$n:fibonacci($n-1)+fibonacci($n-2);
}

Hack Lang
<?hh
function print_nl(?string $n = null): void
{
echo "$nn";
}

Hack Lang Reference
http://goo.gl/PPB64m

HHVM Extension requirement
● x64 OS
● gcc >= 4.7.3
● g++ >= 4.7.3
● cmake >= 2.8.3

HHVM Extension
寫起來很複雜嗎

config.cmake
HHVM_EXTENSION(
fibonacci fibonacci.cpp
)
HHVM_SYSTEMLIB(
fibonacci ext_fibonacci.php
)

ext_fibonacci.php
<?hh
<<__Native>> function fibonacci(int $n): int;

fibonacci.cpp
#include "hphp/runtime/base/base-includes.h"
namespace HPHP {
static int64_t HHVM_FUNCTION(fibonacci, int64_t n) {
return n<2?n:HHVM_FN(fibonacci)(n-2) + HHVM_FN(fibonacci)(n-1);
}
static class FibonacciExtension : public Extension {
public:
FibonacciExtension() : Extension("fibonacci") {}
virtual void moduleInit() {
HHVM_FE(fibonacci);
loadSystemlib();
}
} s_fibonacci_extension;
HHVM_GET_MODULE(fibonacci)
} // namespace HPHP

build extension
$ hphpize
$ cmake .
$ make && make install

config.cmake
HHVM_EXTENSION(
fibonacci
fibonacci.cpp
foo.cpp
bar.cpp
other.cpp
)
extension
name

config.cmake
HHVM_EXTENSION(
fibonacci
fibonacci.cpp
foo.cpp
bar.cpp
other.cpp
)
cpp files

config.cmake
HHVM_SYSTEMLIB(
fibonacci ext_fibonacci.php
)
PHP檔案只能一個
而且命名必須是 ext_ 開頭

HNI (HHVM Native Interface)
<?hh
<<__Native>> function fibonacci(int $n): int;
function echo_ fibonacci(int $n): void
{
echo fibonacci($n);
}

register extenstion
public:
HHVM_FE(fibonacci);
loadSystemlib();
}

register extenstion
public:
HHVM_FE(fibonacci);
loadSystemlib();
}
定義函數

register extenstion
public:
HHVM_FE(fibonacci);
HHVM_FE(foo);
loadSystemlib();
}
如果有還有其他
函數接著定義

register extenstion
public:
HHVM_FE(fibonacci);
loadSystemlib();
}
讀取HNI

implement function
return n<2?n:HHVM_FN(fibonacci)(n-2) + HHVM_FN
(fibonacci)(n-1);
}

implement function
函數回傳值
型態
(fibonacci)(n-1);
}

implement function
函數名稱
(fibonacci)(n-1);
}

implement function
參數型態定義
(fibonacci)(n-1);
}

implement function
如果有多個參
數接著定義
static int64_t HHVM_FUNCTION(foo, int64_t n, const String &n2)
{
// ...
}

型態對應
PHP Type C++ Parameter
Type
C++ Return
Type
void N/A void
bool bool bool
int int64_t int64_t
float double double
string const String & String
array const Array & Array
resource const Resource & Resource
object const Object & Object
mixed const Variant & Variant

以上官方文件
都可以查到

實戰 Hhvm extension php conf 2014

HNI
<?hh
class foo {
protected ?mixed $bar;
<<__Native>>
public function __construct(mixed $bar): void;
<<__Native>>
public function getBarNative(): ?mixed;
public function getBar():?mixed {
return $this->bar;
}
}

register extenstion
static class FooExtension : public Extension {
public:
FooExtension() : Extension("foo") {}
HHVM_ME(foo, __construct);
HHVM_ME(foo, getBarNative);
loadSystemlib();
}
} s_foo_extension;
HHVM_GET_MODULE(foo)

register extenstion
static class FooExtension : public Extension {
public:
FooExtension() : Extension("foo") {}
HHVM_ME(foo, __construct);
HHVM_ME(foo, getBarNative);
loadSystemlib();
}
} s_foo_extension;
HHVM_GET_MODULE(foo)
註冊 foo
__construct

implement class method
static void HHVM_METHOD(
__construct,
const Variant &bar) {
this_->o_set("bar", bar, "foo");
}

__construct,
}
對應 PHP 中
的 $this

__construct,
}
存入成員變數

__construct,
}
$this->bar

__construct,
}
$this->bar = $bar

__construct,
}
指定目前的
context 為 foo

static Variant HHVM_METHOD(getBarNative) {
return this_->o_get("bar", false, "foo");
}

}
$this->bar

}
如果讀取 $this-
>bar
發生錯誤時是否要
丟出 error

}
指定目前的
context 為 foo

Type Casting
var.toBoolean();
var.toDouble();
var.toString();
var.toInt64();
var.toArray();

Object Access
C++ PHP
object.o_get(...) $object->...
object.o_set(...) $object->xxx = xxx
object.instanceof(class) object instanceof class

String Access
C++ PHP
string = “hello ” + “world” $string = “hello ” . ”world”
string += “foo” $string .= “foo”
string1 == string2 $string1 == $string2
string[1] $string[1]
string.substr(1, 2) substr($string, 1, 2)
string.size() strlen($string)

Array Access
Variant var = array[1];
Variant var = array[String(“key”)];

Array Access
C++ PHP
array.set(1, var) $array[1] = $var
array.set(String(“key”), var) $array[“key”] = $var
array.append(var) $array[] = $var
array = make_packed_array(1, 2, “val”) $array = [1, 2, “val”]
array = Array::Create() $array = []

Resource data declare
namespace HPHP {
class InternalResourceData : public SweepableResourceData {
public:
virtual const String& o_getClassNameHook() const { return classnameof(); }
DECLARE_RESOURCE_ALLOCATION(InternalResourceData)
CLASSNAME_IS("InternalResourceData")
InternalResourceData(FILE *file);
virtual ~InternalResourceData();
FILE *getHandler();
private:
FILE *file;
};
}

Resource data declare
namespace HPHP {
IMPLEMENT_OBJECT_ALLOCATION(InternalResourceData)
InternalResourceData::InternalResourceData(FILE *file) {
this->file = file;
}
InternalResourceData::~InternalResourceData() {
fclose(file);
}
FILE *InternalResourceData::getHandler(){
return file;
}
}

Resource usage
static Resource HHVM_FUNCTION(open_file, const String &filename) {
FILE *file = fopen(filename.c_str(), "r");
Resource resource(NEWOBJ(InternalResourceData(file)));
return resource;
}
static String HHVM_FUNCTION(read_file, const Resource &resource) {
FILE * file;
InternalResourceData *resource_data =
resource.getTyped<InternalResourceData>();
file = resource_data->getHandler();
// ...
}

Variables
$a Value
ref count = 1
$a = “some value”;

Variables
$a Value
ref count = 2
$b = $a;
$b

Variables
$a Value
ref count = 1
$b = null;
$b

Variables
$a Value
ref count = 0
$a = null;
$b

Variables
$a Value
ref count = 0
$a = null;
$b
delete value

HHVM Variables
Variable Value
Object ObjectData
String StringData
Array ArrayData
Resource ResourceData

Increase reference
Object var = some_object;
Object *var = new Object(some_object);
ObjectDara *value = some_object->get();
value->incRefCount();

Decrease reference
Object *var = new Object(some_object);
delete var;
ObjectDara *value = some_object->get();
value->decRefAndRelease();

HHVM密(ㄉ一ˋ)技(ㄌㄟˊ)

HHVM
Extension 第三方 Library set callback

HHVM
Extension 第三方 Library call callback

接著就GG了...Crash
HHVM
Extension 第三方 Library call callback

因為gcc -O2 預設開啟
omit-frame-pointer

gcc 加上
-fno-omit-frame-pointer

VMRegAnchor
static void HHVM_FE(someFunction) {
JIT::VMRegAnchor _;
//then call 3rd party library;
}
在呼叫第三方library之前加上這段就OK了。

取得Global Variable
Array global(get_global_variables()->asArrayData());
Array _SERVER = global[StaticString("_SERVER")].toArray();
Array _GET = global[StaticString("_GET")].toArray();
Array _POST = global[StaticString("_POST")].toArray();

取得 Constant
#if HHVM_API_VERSION >= 20140829L //HHVM 3.3.0
#include "hphp/runtime/ext/std/ext_std_misc.h"
#else // HHVM 3.2.0
#include "hphp/runtime/ext/ext_misc.h"
#endif
Variant some_conatant =
HHVM_FN(constant)(StaticString("SOME_CONSTANT"));

呼叫 PHP 的某個函數
vm_call_user_func(StaticString("printf"),
make_packed_array("%s %s", "hello", "world"));
printf(“%s %s”, “hello”, “world”);

或是直接
call native function

hphp/runtime/ext/*.h
這裡幾乎實作了所有php的函數

Call native function
#include "hphp/runtime/ext/std/ext_std_variable.h"
HHVM_FN(print_r)(var); //print_r($var);

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實戰 Hhvm extension php conf 2014

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