Home Security System based on IOT: A Systematic Alert System
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The document describes a proposed home security system based on IoT that provides a systematic alert approach. The system uses a Raspberry Pi as the central controller connected to a PIR motion sensor and Pi night vision camera. When motion is detected, the system sends two alerts: 1) a notification alert to the user via an IFTTT application, and 2) an email alert with a 20-second video footage of the intruder attached. The system is designed to be low-cost while providing security both during the day and at night. It allows users to monitor their home and receive alerts remotely over the internet.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1101
Home Security System based on IOT: A Systematic Alert System
Sweatha G S1, Saikrupa R2, Divya Sri G R3, Jagadeesh K4
1UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
2UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
3UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
4Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – Many security systems are available in the
market, but they are very expensive, so normal people cannot
afford them. Not only the system, but the installation and
maintenance cost are also too high. In addition, the existing
security system works 24X7, thus requiring a large amount of
storage space. So, this paper focuses on building a low-cost,
beneficial, and efficient home security system that occupies
less storage. Here, Raspberry pi acts as a central system. We
proposed a systematic approach to alert users. If an intrusion
occurs, it immediately sends an alert by sending notification
and e-mail to the user over the internet. The whole system can
be monitored from anywhere in the world and the owner can
receive alerts over the internet. With the night vision camera
interfaced with raspberry pi, makes it usable at daytime as
well as at night. The proposed system is entirely programmed
with python 3 language.
Key Words: Home security system,IOT,intruderdetection,
alert system
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays technologies are increasing rapidly,whichmakes
people’s life easier and more comfortable. One of the
technology trends is Internet of things. It enables devices to
connect over the internet to collect and exchange data
without any human involvement.Urbanregionsare evolving
into IOT-enabled smart cities as technology advances.Smart
cities use IoT devices to improve infrastructure, safety,
services, and many more. However, security is currently the
biggest problem. Many upgraded systemsarereleasedinthe
market though they are not sufficient to handle the issues.
One of those major issues is housebreaking and this paper
focuses on cut-down the issue by giving a systematic
approach to the proposed security alert system.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
The paper entitled “Towards Smart HomeAutomationUsing
IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing Paradigm” presented a fully
automated IOT-based platform for sensor connectivity. The
purpose of the project is to provide a low-cost automation
solution that can be controlled by a centralized system.
Raspberry pi is used as a central controllerforthissystem. In
this project, the system contains a webpage for monitoring
the home. It allows owner to stream the camera module
which is connected to the raspberry pi. MQTT protocol is
used to transmit the sensor data to the end-user [2].
In the concept of infrared radiation for motion detection
using PIR sensor, the PIR is connected to CC3200
microcontroller with inbuilt wi-fi module. Whenever the
sensor identifies the movement, microcontroller processes
the data and gives the output as either high or low. If the
value is high, there is a motion detection otherwise if the
value is low, there is no intrusion. Theoutputisvisualized by
a chart using ThingSpeak cloud platform [1].
A continuous video of the intruder is taken when the human
intrusion is detected. Using face recognition technique, the
intruder image is being compared with the images in the
database to avoid false alarm. If the image of the intruder is
not matched with the images in the database, then the
message and the image of the intruder is being sent to the
owner through mail. Through an application the owner can
acknowledge if he is real intruder so that the alarm can
generate [4].
The paper [3] describes an IOT concept for home security
system. The raspberry pi is being used to serve as a data
processing centre. When a human object is detected by the
PIR sensor, the system activates the camera module to
capture pictures. The image data is sent to the web server
via wi-fi communication. Upto 5 images can be sent to the
owner to limit the storage space. The image can be viewed
and downloaded by the owner for reporting to authorities.
The intrusion log can be found from the web server.
The paper [6] describes an inexpensive home security
system that works in real-time. Raspberry pi is used as a
main computational device. The webcam and PIR motion
sensors are connected to raspberry pi in order to detect and
fetch the signals. The webcam is used tocapturetheintruder
image and the raspberry pi fetches the image and send it to
owner through email services.
3. PROPOSED METHOD
In this paper, we are proposing a HomeSecuritySystemwith
a systematic alert where the input is taken from a live
person. The IoT-based Security System uses Raspberry pi as
a central system. The PIR motion sensor and the Pi night
vision camera is linked to the raspberry pi unit. Sensors are](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i12185-230119112040-1f2da6c1/85/Home-Security-System-based-on-IOT-A-Systematic-Alert-System-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1103
Fig – 4.3: Pi Night Vision Camera
PIR motion sensor:
The passive infrared motionsensorshowninthefigure4.4
is used to detect intruders ina room. It hasa sensing rangeof
3 meters to 7 meters, which makes it possible to detect
intruders throughout a whole room.
Fig – 4.4: PIR motion sensor
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5.1 Entire System
In this section, we can see the results of IoT based home
security system which is implemented in prototype with all
the system components as shown in figure 5.1. The required
components are interfaced with the Raspberry Pi.
Fig – 5.1: Entire System
5.2 Notification Alert
In Figure 5.2, The webhook is triggered in the event of
motion detection and a notification is sent to the owner by
IFTTT.
Fig – 5.2: Notification alert
5.3 Email Alert
In Figure 5.3, After a few seconds, an email alert is sent to
the owner with video footage of the intruder. The owner can
view the footage, and can take further steps accordingly.
Fig – 5.3: Email alert with intruder footage
6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS
The IoT based home security system has been designed and
developed with Raspberry Pi 4 and a Pi night vision camera.
The user can access information at anytime and anywhere
through smart phones. When movement is detected, the
camera records the video and sends it to the owner. As a
result, the designed system works successfully. Using
computer vision technology, the alert system can bypass
animal intrusions. With the use ofobjecttrackingthecamera
turns along with the intruder. With the upcoming
technologies, home security systems will be enhanced.
REFERENCES
[1] G. Sasi, “Motion detection using Passive Infrared Sensor
using IoT”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1717
012067, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1717/1/012067,
2021.
[2] Hikmat Yar, Ali Shariq Imran, Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan,
Muhammad Sajjad and Zenun Kastrati, “Towards Smart
Home Automation Using IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i12185-230119112040-1f2da6c1/85/Home-Security-System-based-on-IOT-A-Systematic-Alert-System-3-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1104
Paradigm”, https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144932, July
2021.
[3] Ali Akbar Ramschie, Johan F. Makal, Veny V. Ponggawa,
Ronny Katuuk, “Application of IoT Concepts for Home
Security Systems”, International Journal of Computer
Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 183 – No. 39, Nov
2021.
[4] Kalathiripi Rambabu, V.Haritha, S.Nikhil Srinivas,
P.Sanjana Reddy, “IoT BasedHumanIntrusionDetection
System using Lab View”, International Journal of
Innovative TechnologyandExploringEngineering,ISSN:
2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue- 6S4, April 2019.
[5] C Davidson, T Rezwana, and MA Hoque, “Smart home
security application enabled by IoT”, International
conference on smart grid and internet of things, 2018.
[6] Tanwar, S., Patel, P., Patel, K., Tyagi, S., Kumar, N.,
Obaidat, M.S, “An advanced Internet of Thing based
security alert system for smart home”, International
Conference on Computer, Information and
Telecommunication Systems (CITS), pp. 25–29. IEEE,
July 2017.
[7] P. H. Chou, Y. L. Hsu, W. L. Lee, Y. C. Kuo, C. C. Chang, Y.S.
Cheng, H. C. Chang, S. L. Lin, S. C. Yang, and H. H. Lee,
“Development of a smart home system based on multi-
sensor data fusion technology”, ICASI, DOI:
10.1109/ICASI.2017.7988519, May 2017.
[8] A Panwar, A Singh, R Kumawat, S Jaidka, and K Garg,
Eyrie, “Smart home automationusinginternetofthings”,
Computing Conference IEEE, pp. 1368-1370, 2017.
[9] A Howedi and A Jwaid, “Design and implementation
prototype of a smart house system at low cost and multi-
functional”, Future Technologies Conference (FTC), IEEE,
pp. 876 884, 2017.
[10] S Tanwar, P Patel, K Patel, S Tyagi, N Kumar, and MS
Obaidat, “An advanced internet of things-basedsecurity
alert system for smart home”, International conference
on computer, information and telecommunication
systems, IEEE pp. 25-29, 2017.
[11] A Sivanathan, D Sherratt, H H Gharakheili, V Sivaraman,
and A Vishwanath, “Low-cost flow-based security
solutions for smart home IoT devices”, IEEE
International Conference on Advanced Networks and
Telecommunications Systems, pp. 1-6, 2016.
[12] AR Behera, J Devi, and DS Mishra, “A comparative study
and implementation of real time home automation
system”, International Conference on Energy Systems
and Applications, IEEE, pp. 28-33, 2015.
[13] Prasad S, Mahalakshmi P, Sunder A J, Swathi R., “Smart
Surveillance Monitoring System Using RaspberryPIand
PIR Sensor”, International Journal of Computer Science
and Information Technologies, June 2014.
[14] Dhake P S, Borde S S, “Embedded Surveillance System
Using PIR Sensor”, International Journal of Advanced
Technology in Engineering and Science, Mar 2014.
[15] Rhythm Haji, Arjun Trivedi, Hitarth Mehta, Prof. A. B.
Upadhyay “Implementation of Web-Surveillance using
Raspberry Pi”, International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 3 Issue 10, Oct
2014.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i12185-230119112040-1f2da6c1/85/Home-Security-System-based-on-IOT-A-Systematic-Alert-System-4-320.jpg)
Home Security System based on IOT: A Systematic Alert System
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1101 Home Security System based on IOT: A Systematic Alert System Sweatha G S1, Saikrupa R2, Divya Sri G R3, Jagadeesh K4 1UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India 2UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India 3UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India 4Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – Many security systems are available in the market, but they are very expensive, so normal people cannot afford them. Not only the system, but the installation and maintenance cost are also too high. In addition, the existing security system works 24X7, thus requiring a large amount of storage space. So, this paper focuses on building a low-cost, beneficial, and efficient home security system that occupies less storage. Here, Raspberry pi acts as a central system. We proposed a systematic approach to alert users. If an intrusion occurs, it immediately sends an alert by sending notification and e-mail to the user over the internet. The whole system can be monitored from anywhere in the world and the owner can receive alerts over the internet. With the night vision camera interfaced with raspberry pi, makes it usable at daytime as well as at night. The proposed system is entirely programmed with python 3 language. Key Words: Home security system,IOT,intruderdetection, alert system 1. INTRODUCTION Nowadays technologies are increasing rapidly,whichmakes people’s life easier and more comfortable. One of the technology trends is Internet of things. It enables devices to connect over the internet to collect and exchange data without any human involvement.Urbanregionsare evolving into IOT-enabled smart cities as technology advances.Smart cities use IoT devices to improve infrastructure, safety, services, and many more. However, security is currently the biggest problem. Many upgraded systemsarereleasedinthe market though they are not sufficient to handle the issues. One of those major issues is housebreaking and this paper focuses on cut-down the issue by giving a systematic approach to the proposed security alert system. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW The paper entitled “Towards Smart HomeAutomationUsing IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing Paradigm” presented a fully automated IOT-based platform for sensor connectivity. The purpose of the project is to provide a low-cost automation solution that can be controlled by a centralized system. Raspberry pi is used as a central controllerforthissystem. In this project, the system contains a webpage for monitoring the home. It allows owner to stream the camera module which is connected to the raspberry pi. MQTT protocol is used to transmit the sensor data to the end-user [2]. In the concept of infrared radiation for motion detection using PIR sensor, the PIR is connected to CC3200 microcontroller with inbuilt wi-fi module. Whenever the sensor identifies the movement, microcontroller processes the data and gives the output as either high or low. If the value is high, there is a motion detection otherwise if the value is low, there is no intrusion. Theoutputisvisualized by a chart using ThingSpeak cloud platform [1]. A continuous video of the intruder is taken when the human intrusion is detected. Using face recognition technique, the intruder image is being compared with the images in the database to avoid false alarm. If the image of the intruder is not matched with the images in the database, then the message and the image of the intruder is being sent to the owner through mail. Through an application the owner can acknowledge if he is real intruder so that the alarm can generate [4]. The paper [3] describes an IOT concept for home security system. The raspberry pi is being used to serve as a data processing centre. When a human object is detected by the PIR sensor, the system activates the camera module to capture pictures. The image data is sent to the web server via wi-fi communication. Upto 5 images can be sent to the owner to limit the storage space. The image can be viewed and downloaded by the owner for reporting to authorities. The intrusion log can be found from the web server. The paper [6] describes an inexpensive home security system that works in real-time. Raspberry pi is used as a main computational device. The webcam and PIR motion sensors are connected to raspberry pi in order to detect and fetch the signals. The webcam is used tocapturetheintruder image and the raspberry pi fetches the image and send it to owner through email services. 3. PROPOSED METHOD In this paper, we are proposing a HomeSecuritySystemwith a systematic alert where the input is taken from a live person. The IoT-based Security System uses Raspberry pi as a central system. The PIR motion sensor and the Pi night vision camera is linked to the raspberry pi unit. Sensors are
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1102 implemented in the home such that they are not visible. As soon as someone enters the house, the sensor will detect their movement immediately, and the signal will be passed to the raspberry pi. Based on the input signal, two alerts will be will be generated. 3.1 Notification Alert At first, notification alert is sent to the user. To alert by notification, weproposed anapplicationcalledIFTTT(IfThis Then That). In this system, webhook is used as a trigger service. If web request is invoked, notification alert will be sent to the owner from the IFTTT application. 3.2 E-mail Alert Based on the input signal, a camera linked to the raspberry pi will record a video. Video frames are collected from the Pi night vision camera and are converted to viewable format. To transmit the video through email, SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used to send to the owner. The owner can view the video footage from the mail sent by the raspberry pi. The intruder video footage is set to 20 seconds, to avoid occupying more storage space. Everyvideo takes upto only 2MB of storage space. An Initializer button is connected with the centralsystem to ignore unwanted motion detections. It can be turned ON manually, if the owner is not available. By default, it is OFF. In this system, it operates both day and night as we incorporated the Pi night vision camera module. The flow chart of the system is shown in the figure 3.1. Fig – 3.1: Flow chart for IOT-based home security system with a systematic approach to alert system 4. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 4.1 Block Diagram The System architectureof SmartHomeSecuritySystemis shown in the figure 4.1. Raspberry Pi, Pi Camera, PIR sensor, and Power supply forms the entire security system to be installed at the required place. PIR motion sensor is connected to GPIO pins of Raspberry Pi. Fig – 4.1: Block diagram 4.2 Component Description Raspberry Pi: We have used Raspberry pi shown in the figure 4.2 as a central system. To detect motion, it connects a camera module and a PIR motion sensor. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to send the email to the owner after importing SMTP The system is entirely programmed in Python 3 language. Fig – 4.2: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Pi night vision camera: The night vision camera module shown in the figure 4.3 operates both during the daytime and during the night time. The lens has a viewing angle of 75.7degreesinsuchamanner that it reduces the chance of blind spots occurring. There is a camera interface port on the Raspberry Pi that connects it to the camera module.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1103 Fig – 4.3: Pi Night Vision Camera PIR motion sensor: The passive infrared motionsensorshowninthefigure4.4 is used to detect intruders ina room. It hasa sensing rangeof 3 meters to 7 meters, which makes it possible to detect intruders throughout a whole room. Fig – 4.4: PIR motion sensor 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 5.1 Entire System In this section, we can see the results of IoT based home security system which is implemented in prototype with all the system components as shown in figure 5.1. The required components are interfaced with the Raspberry Pi. Fig – 5.1: Entire System 5.2 Notification Alert In Figure 5.2, The webhook is triggered in the event of motion detection and a notification is sent to the owner by IFTTT. Fig – 5.2: Notification alert 5.3 Email Alert In Figure 5.3, After a few seconds, an email alert is sent to the owner with video footage of the intruder. The owner can view the footage, and can take further steps accordingly. Fig – 5.3: Email alert with intruder footage 6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS The IoT based home security system has been designed and developed with Raspberry Pi 4 and a Pi night vision camera. The user can access information at anytime and anywhere through smart phones. When movement is detected, the camera records the video and sends it to the owner. As a result, the designed system works successfully. Using computer vision technology, the alert system can bypass animal intrusions. With the use ofobjecttrackingthecamera turns along with the intruder. With the upcoming technologies, home security systems will be enhanced. REFERENCES [1] G. Sasi, “Motion detection using Passive Infrared Sensor using IoT”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1717 012067, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1717/1/012067, 2021. [2] Hikmat Yar, Ali Shariq Imran, Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Sajjad and Zenun Kastrati, “Towards Smart Home Automation Using IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1104 Paradigm”, https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144932, July 2021. [3] Ali Akbar Ramschie, Johan F. Makal, Veny V. Ponggawa, Ronny Katuuk, “Application of IoT Concepts for Home Security Systems”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 183 – No. 39, Nov 2021. [4] Kalathiripi Rambabu, V.Haritha, S.Nikhil Srinivas, P.Sanjana Reddy, “IoT BasedHumanIntrusionDetection System using Lab View”, International Journal of Innovative TechnologyandExploringEngineering,ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue- 6S4, April 2019. [5] C Davidson, T Rezwana, and MA Hoque, “Smart home security application enabled by IoT”, International conference on smart grid and internet of things, 2018. [6] Tanwar, S., Patel, P., Patel, K., Tyagi, S., Kumar, N., Obaidat, M.S, “An advanced Internet of Thing based security alert system for smart home”, International Conference on Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems (CITS), pp. 25–29. IEEE, July 2017. [7] P. H. Chou, Y. L. Hsu, W. L. Lee, Y. C. Kuo, C. C. Chang, Y.S. Cheng, H. C. Chang, S. L. Lin, S. C. Yang, and H. H. Lee, “Development of a smart home system based on multi- sensor data fusion technology”, ICASI, DOI: 10.1109/ICASI.2017.7988519, May 2017. [8] A Panwar, A Singh, R Kumawat, S Jaidka, and K Garg, Eyrie, “Smart home automationusinginternetofthings”, Computing Conference IEEE, pp. 1368-1370, 2017. [9] A Howedi and A Jwaid, “Design and implementation prototype of a smart house system at low cost and multi- functional”, Future Technologies Conference (FTC), IEEE, pp. 876 884, 2017. [10] S Tanwar, P Patel, K Patel, S Tyagi, N Kumar, and MS Obaidat, “An advanced internet of things-basedsecurity alert system for smart home”, International conference on computer, information and telecommunication systems, IEEE pp. 25-29, 2017. [11] A Sivanathan, D Sherratt, H H Gharakheili, V Sivaraman, and A Vishwanath, “Low-cost flow-based security solutions for smart home IoT devices”, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems, pp. 1-6, 2016. [12] AR Behera, J Devi, and DS Mishra, “A comparative study and implementation of real time home automation system”, International Conference on Energy Systems and Applications, IEEE, pp. 28-33, 2015. [13] Prasad S, Mahalakshmi P, Sunder A J, Swathi R., “Smart Surveillance Monitoring System Using RaspberryPIand PIR Sensor”, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, June 2014. [14] Dhake P S, Borde S S, “Embedded Surveillance System Using PIR Sensor”, International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, Mar 2014. [15] Rhythm Haji, Arjun Trivedi, Hitarth Mehta, Prof. A. B. Upadhyay “Implementation of Web-Surveillance using Raspberry Pi”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 3 Issue 10, Oct 2014.