Homelessness refers to people without permanent housing such as a house or apartment. While homelessness has existed since the 1640s, it was exacerbated by cuts to housing programs in the 1980s. Common causes of homelessness include loss of income, domestic violence, mental illness, and substance abuse. Those experiencing homelessness often have health problems, substance abuse issues, and higher rates of crime and suicide. Services that can help the homeless population include employment assistance, housing, mental health and substance abuse treatment, food banks, and shelters. However, providers face challenges like lack of shelter space and funding as well as clients' lack of skills or untreated conditions. Effective interventions include referrals to services, assistance obtaining IDs, and motivational