How could Open Badges contribute to creating a more trustworthy world?
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Trust is essential for social interaction but levels of trust have declined in recent decades. Open badges, as representations of skills and achievements, could help to build trust in three ways: 1) By creating verifiable records of people's abilities that others can rely upon, potentially increasing trust between strangers. 2) Through the trust relationships between badge earners and issuers. If issuers are trusted sources, it reflects positively on the badges and earner. 3) By promoting transparency and providing evidence of competencies, open badges could help restore trust at societal levels that have eroded over time. However, badges are not currencies and are based on relationships rather than structural trust like currencies.
![currency |ˈkʌr(ə)nsi|
noun (pl.currencies)
1. a system of money in general use in a particular country: the
dollar was a strong currency | [ mass noun ] : travellers
cheques in foreign currency.
2. [ mass noun ] the fact or quality of being generally accepted
or in use: the term gained wider currency after the turn of
the century.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/trustdenver062016-160624170554/85/How-could-Open-Badges-contribute-to-creating-a-more-trustworthy-world-21-320.jpg)
![trust |trʌst|
noun [ mass noun ]
1. firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone
or something: relations have to be built on trust | they
have been able to win the trust of the others.
• acceptance of the truth of a statement without
evidence or investigation: I used only primary
sources, taking nothing on trust.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/trustdenver062016-160624170554/85/How-could-Open-Badges-contribute-to-creating-a-more-trustworthy-world-35-320.jpg)
How could Open Badges contribute to creating a more trustworthy world?
- 1. Trust & Open Badges workshop How could Open Badges contribute to creating a more trustworthy world? EUROPORTFOLIO Serge Ravet ADPIOS, EUROPORTFOLIO, Badge Europe, Open Badge Passport, BadgeChain @Szerge, learningfutures.eu, iosf.org, europortfolio.org , openbadgepassport.com, www.salava.org
- 2. Objectives of the workshop What is trust about? What relationship between Open Badges & trust? Can Open Badges contribute to improving trust? Explore
- 3. Context Where does this workshop come from?
- 4. 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 10ePortfolioChallenges Trust OpenTrustBox ePortfolio Identity ePIC 2016 Pathways to educational and social innovation BOLOGNA 27-29 OCTOBER Open Badge ePortfolio Identity Trust Blockchain http://openepic.eu 0101011 01100
- 5. ePortfolio Identity Trust Open Badges Open Badge Passport Personal Ledger Portfolio Competency Based Education Quality Blockchains 1985 1995 2000 2010 2015 Simulation Self-study eLearningComputer Based Training BadgeChain
- 6. About trust Trust is based on symmetrical power relations
- 8. Social changes and increased social complexity expand the need for trust, but erode its familiar basis The Trust Paradox — An Inquiry into the Core of Social Life, May-Britt Ellingsen
- 9. Percentage of citizens who trust the government in Washington always or most of the time Source: Pew Research Centre %
- 10. Percentage of citizens who trust the government in Washington always or most of the time — Pew Research Centre
- 11. Percentage of adults trusting others source: Education at a Glance 2014 OECD Indicators %
- 12. Percentage of adults trusting others 70 7050 5030 3010 100 060 6040 4020 20% % By literacy proficiency level By educational attainment Slovak Republic Estonia Italy Czech Republic France Korea Germany Japan Ireland Poland England/N. Ireland (UK) Average Flanders (Belgium) Canada Spain Austria United States Australia Finland Netherlands Sweden Norway Denmark Below upper secondary education Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education Tertiary educationLevel 4 or 5 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 or below
- 13. What do these statistics tell you about trust? Percentage of citizens who trust the government in Washington always or most of the time — Pew Research Centre Percentage of adults reporting trusting others 70 7050 5030 3010 100 060 6040 4020 20% % By literacy proficiency level By educational attainment Slovak Republic Estonia Italy Czech Republic France Korea Germany Japan Ireland Poland England/N. Ireland (UK) Average Flanders (Belgium) Canada Spain Austria United States Australia Finland Netherlands Sweden Norway Denmark Below upper secondary education Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education Tertiary educationLevel 4 or 5 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 or below
- 14. Trust and social capital
- 15. Trust and Social Capital Social capital is defined by the OECD as: “networks together with shared norms, values and understandings that facilitate co-operation within or among groups”. Source: OECD Insights: Human Capital Put together, these networks and understandings engender trust and so enable people to work together. Trust, the necessary condition for empowerment
- 16. If we could measure trust, we could measure social capital Can we measure trust? Could Open Badges contribute to measuring trust?
- 17. About Open Badges Why Open Badges are more than credentials and not a currency — and the dangers of believing they are?
- 18. Open Badges are more than credentials Open Badges are about Recognition
- 19. Formal Non-Formal Traditional Non-Traditional Competency Badges Micro-Credentials Smart Badges Conversational Badges Self-Issued Badges Peer Endorsement Scout Badges (Institution-centred) Recognition (Community-centred) Nano-Diplomas (Dynamic/Future)(Static/Past) Badges as launchpads Dream Badges Collective Achievement Badges Empowerment Conformance Inclusion Enabling Affiliation Badges Achievement Badges
- 20. Open Badges are not a currency
- 21. currency |ˈkʌr(ə)nsi| noun (pl.currencies) 1. a system of money in general use in a particular country: the dollar was a strong currency | [ mass noun ] : travellers cheques in foreign currency. 2. [ mass noun ] the fact or quality of being generally accepted or in use: the term gained wider currency after the turn of the century.
- 22. Open Badges are not fungible. You cannot give a badge you own to someone else in exchange for goods or services You can create and give a badge to someone as a token of recognition or in exchange for goods, money or services, but that badge stays with that person Badges are currencies Badges have currency≠
- 23. Open Badges are based on relational trust Currencies are based on structural trust do not depend on individuals’ relationships
- 24. Open Badges are about Trust
- 27. Issuer Earner
- 31. The dangers of mistaking Open Badges for credentials and currencies Formal Non-Formal Traditional Non-Traditional Competency Badges Micro-Credentials Smart Badges Conversational Badges Self-Issued Badges Peer Endorsement Scout Badges (Institution-centred) Recognition (Community-centred) Nano-Diplomas (Dynamic/Future)(Static/Past) Badges as launchpads Dream Badges Collective Achievement Badges Empowerment Conformance Inclusion Enabling Affiliation Badges Achievement Badges =cryptocurrency
- 32. Open Badges are about recognition and trust
- 33. More about trust
- 34. Sharing ideas What is trust? Why do we need trust? What does trust allows us to do? What can’t we do without trust? What are the conditions for trust?
- 35. trust |trʌst| noun [ mass noun ] 1. firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something: relations have to be built on trust | they have been able to win the trust of the others. • acceptance of the truth of a statement without evidence or investigation: I used only primary sources, taking nothing on trust.
- 36. “Trust, in short, is a form of “faith,” in which the confidence vested in probable outcomes expresses a commitment to something rather than just a cognitive understanding.’ —A. Giddens (1993)
- 38. Predictability Leap of faith Trust Suspending doubt Security
- 39. Security is intrinsic to trust Trust Security Predictability Leap of faith Suspending doubt Doubt Suspicion Contingency Trust is future oriented (extrinsic)
- 40. The more trust, the less extrinsic security measures are required, the more extrinsic security measures are taken, the less trustworthy the system becomes. Trust Extrinsic Security Trust and extrinsic security work in reverse proportions
- 41. Increasing security measures is about addressing the symptoms, not the causes of failing trust. There is no alternative to increasing trust than taking the necessary steps to… increasing trust! Trust Extrinsic Security Trust and extrinsic security work in reverse proportions
- 42. Nature Relation Stability Exit Rules Enforcement Trust space Who? Micro Individual Inter- personal Short, mid and long term Termination Tacit Informal Familiarity, proximity Family, relatives, friends, neighbours,… Meso Communal Inter- personal, Belonging Mid and long term Exclusion Tacit & explicit Informal and formal (membership) Proximity Peers, members, … Macro Structural Belonging, Impersonal Long term Sanction Explicit Laws, contracts, obligations standards, accreditations Strangers, time and distance Citizens, employees, partners,…
- 43. In a society without trust, social interaction will be troublesome and have enormous transactional costs
- 44. Sharing ideas Do you think Open Badges could contribute to nurturing —and repairing— trust ? How?
- 46. Personal Ledgers Bits of Trust What can we learn from blockchains? How can we improve Open Badges?
- 47. BadgeChain Trust BlockChain Trust trust / consensus ? Transaction Transaction Open Badges and blockchains are based on antipodal views on trust @badgechain
- 48. Trust can heal!
- 49. A teenager had spent many months in a young peoples psychiatric hospital. When he was about to leave a therapist asked him what was the most significant thing which helped him in his recovery. He responded that it was the moment when in and art group the therapist asked him to fetch some art paper from a cupboard in another part of the building.The therapist handed him the keys to the cupboard which were on a key ring with many other keys to the rooms in the building. They young man said he felt so good, not just because he had been chosen to do the small job when his esteem was very low but because the therapist had not hesitated but just handed him the keys. He knew he could have used those keys to get up to all sorts of mischief but he felt trust to act responsibly. Julie Lunt <julie at newpaths.eu>
- 50. Trust, the Revolution! ePIC 2016 Pathways to educational and social innovation BOLOGNA 27-29 OCTOBER Open Badge ePortfolio Identity Trust Blockchain http://openepic.eu 0101011 01100 Serge Ravet ADPIOS, EUROPORTFOLIO, Badge Europe, Open Badge Passport, Badgechain @Szerge, learningfutures.eu, iosf.org openbadgepassport.com, europortfolio.org Merci! SR EUROPORTFOLIO