Ethereum operates as a decentralized platform using a network of nodes to facilitate smart contracts through the Ethereum Virtual Machine, with transactions verified by miners via a proof-of-work consensus. Users can purchase Ethereum in Canada, interacting anonymously with decentralized applications while paying transaction fees known as 'gas' to incentivize mining and ensure network security. Network congestion due to high gas fees can occur, particularly during peak activity times, although improvements are anticipated with Ethereum 2.0.