This document discusses how operational innovation can transform companies. It provides examples of companies like Progressive Insurance and Walmart that achieved extraordinary growth and profits through operational innovations like new claims processing methods and cross-docking. However, operational innovation is rare because it requires deep changes that challenge organizational barriers within a company. Leaders must select innovations that reimagine core work processes, set ambitious goals, learn from other industries, and implement changes through an iterative process to overcome these barriers and make operational innovation sustainable.