How to draw bohr diagrams (slideshare)
- 1. How to Draw Bohr Diagrams
- 2. Atomic Structure • Atoms have a nucleus that contains Protons and Neutrons • Electrons are contained in shells that surround the nucleus • An atom is made of mostly empty space • Protons have a positive (+) charge • Electrons have a negative (-) charge • Neutrons are Neutral
- 4. Valence Electrons • Each electron shell can hold Electron Number of a certain number of Shell Electrons electrons • Electron shells are filled 1 2 from the inside out 2 8 • Noble Gases have full outer 3 8 electron shells • All other elements have 4 18 partially filled outer 5 18 electron shells 6 32 7 32
- 5. Valence Electrons • The electrons in the outer most electron shell are called valence electrons • The shell containing electrons that is furthest from the nucleus is called the valence shell • The number of electron shells with electrons is the same as (=) the period number • Atoms will try to gain or lose electrons to have a full valence shell
- 7. Bohr Diagrams 1) Find your element on the periodic table. 2) Determine the number of electrons – it is the same as the atomic number. 3) This is how many electrons you will draw.
- 8. Bohr Diagrams • Find out which period (row) your element is in. • Elements in the 1st period have one energy level. • Elements in the 2nd period have two energy levels, and so on.
- 9. Bohr Diagrams 1) Draw a nucleus with the element symbol inside. 2) Carbon is in the 2nd C period, so it has two energy levels, or shells. 3) Draw the shells around the nucleus.
- 10. Bohr Diagrams 1) Add the electrons. 2) Carbon has 6 electrons. C 3) The first shell can only hold 2 electrons.
- 11. Bohr Diagrams 1) Since you have 2 electrons already drawn, you need to add 4 more. C 2) These go in the 2nd shell. 3) Add one at a time -starting on the right side and going counter clock-wise.
- 12. Bohr Diagrams • Check your work. • You should have 6 total electrons for Carbon. • Only two electrons can C fit in the 1st shell. • The 2nd shell can hold up to 8 electrons. • The 3rd shell can hold 18, but the elements in the first few periods only use 8 electrons.
- 13. Bohr Diagrams End of Study Guide. You should know how to draw a Bohr Diagram for the first 20 elements.