How to develop a rich terminal UI application
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This document discusses how to develop rich terminal user interfaces in Python. It covers two important aspects: receiving keyboard input and controlling terminal output. For keyboard input, it explains using the basic input() function but notes its limitations, and recommends using raw mode input to receive keystrokes without interpretation. For terminal output, it discusses VT100 escape sequences to control text attributes like color and formatting. The document provides examples of reading keyboard input in raw mode and using escape sequences to style output, with the goal of helping developers create high-quality terminal-based applications and user experiences.
![How to change the Raw Mode.
UNIX system calls tcgetattr and tcsetattr is available
for manipulating termios structure provided by termios
package in standard library.
import termios
def tty_raw(fd): # put terminal into a raw mode
buf = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
buf[3] &= ~(termios.ECHO|termios.ICANON|termios.IEXTEN|
termios.ISIG)
buf[0] &= ~(termios.BRKINT|termios.ICRNL|termios.INPCK|
termios.ISTRIP|termios.IXON)
buf[3] &= ~(termios.CSIZE|termios.PARENB)
buf[3] |= termios.CS8
buf[1] &= ~(termios.OPOST)
buf[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
buf[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, buf)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/how-to-develop-a-rich-terminal-ui-app-170827093746/85/How-to-develop-a-rich-terminal-UI-application-9-320.jpg)
How to develop a rich terminal UI application
- 1. Hello, I’m MASASHI. Live Broadcasting Engineer in Japan. c-bata c_bata_! " I love Django, Pandas and prompt-toolkit ❤ How to develop a rich terminal UI application. #pyconmy #pyconapac2017
- 3. go-prompt golang port is published at: https://github.com/c-bata/go-prompt
- 4. 1. How to receive a keyboard input 2. How to control the terminal output Two things you need to know when you develop a rich terminal UI app.
- 5. How to receive a keyboard input $ cat hello.py x = input() print(x) $ python3 hello.py Hello World Hello World input() function Most basic way but some special characters are interpreted ex) Ctrl+A, Ctrl+E, F1, F2, etc…
- 6. How to receive a keyboard input $ cat hello.py x = input() print(x) $ python3 hello.py Hello World Hello World input() function Most basic way but some special characters are interpreted ex) Ctrl+A, Ctrl+E, F1, F2, etc… Your input interpreted some special characters. e.g. Ctrl+A, Ctrl+E, F1, F2, …
- 7. How to receive a keyboard input $ cat hello.py x = input() print(x) $ python3 hello.py Hello World Hello World input() function Most basic way but some special characters are interpreted ex) Ctrl+A, Ctrl+E, F1, F2, etc… And this way cannot receive immediately when user press a something key.
- 8. How to receive a keyboard input passes the data as-is to the program without interpreting any of the special characters. Raw mode input See https://github.com/jonathanslenders/python-prompt- toolkit/blob/master/prompt_toolkit/terminal/vt100_input.py
- 9. How to change the Raw Mode. UNIX system calls tcgetattr and tcsetattr is available for manipulating termios structure provided by termios package in standard library. import termios def tty_raw(fd): # put terminal into a raw mode buf = termios.tcgetattr(fd) buf[3] &= ~(termios.ECHO|termios.ICANON|termios.IEXTEN| termios.ISIG) buf[0] &= ~(termios.BRKINT|termios.ICRNL|termios.INPCK| termios.ISTRIP|termios.IXON) buf[3] &= ~(termios.CSIZE|termios.PARENB) buf[3] |= termios.CS8 buf[1] &= ~(termios.OPOST) buf[6][termios.VMIN] = 1 buf[6][termios.VTIME] = 0 termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, buf)
- 10. 1. How to receive a keyboard input 2. How to control the terminal output Two things you need to know when you develop a rich terminal UI app.
- 11. VT100 was the first of digital terminal. It can export bold text, italic text, blinking text and underline in specific words. What is “VT100 Escape Sequences” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT100
- 12. What is “Escape Sequences”
- 13. What is “Escape Sequences” Show underline Change background color to Cyan Change text color to Black http://www.termsys.demon.co.uk/vtansi.htm
- 14. What is “Escape Sequences” print “Hello”
- 15. What is “Escape Sequences” Reset all attributes.
- 16. Summary Raw mode VT100 escape sequences Happy terminal hacking ;)
- 17. TERIMA KASIH Thank you for listening :)