Ibm system storage solutions handbook
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IBM's document outlines the potential of blockchain technology for enterprises, emphasizing its role as a shared, permissioned ledger that enhances trust, accountability, and efficiency across business networks. It describes key blockchain concepts such as smart contracts, privacy measures, and the importance of open-source development through initiatives like Hyperledger. Additionally, the document highlights IBM's strategic focus on cloud-based deployments and engagement with industry partners to drive broader adoption of blockchain solutions.
Ibm system storage solutions handbook
- 1. © 2016 IBM Corporation IBM’s Open Blockchain Making Blockchain Real for Enterprises Anthony O’Dowd, STSM IBM Blockchain Labs Christopher Ferris, CTO Open Technology, IBM IBM Blockchain – April 2016
- 2. © 2016 IBM Corporation 2 Blockchain Business Terminology Business Networks • Participants who are customers, suppliers, banks, partners • Cross geography & regulatory boundary Wealth is generated by the flow of goods & services across business network Markets are central to this process • Public: fruit market, car auction or • Private: supply chain financing, bonds Ledgers THE system of record for a business Business will have multiple ledgers for multiple business networks in which they participate Transaction: an asset transfer onto and off of the ledger • John gives a car to Anthony (simple) Contract: conditions for transaction to occur • If Anthony pays John money, then car passes from John to Anthony (simple) • If car won't start, funds do not pass to John (as decided by third party arbitrator) (more complex) Assets Anything that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value Two fundamental types of asset • Tangible, e.g. a house • Intangible e.g. a mortgage Intangible assets subdivide • Financial, e.g. bond • Intellectual e.g. patents • Digital e.g. music Cash is also an asset • Has property of anonymity
- 3. © 2016 IBM Corporation 3 The Blockchain Solution – a shared, replicated, permissioned ledger Counter-party records Bank records Party C’s Records Auditor records Party B Records Party A’s Records Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger Ledger
- 4. © 2016 IBM Corporation 4 Blockchain defined Blockchain is a technology for a new generation of transactional applications that establishes trust, accountability and transparency while streamlining processes in business networks. Think of it as an operating system for interactions between participants in a business network. It has the potential to vastly reduce the cost and complexity of getting things done. Blockchain is a design pattern made famous by its use in Bitcoin. But its uses go far beyond. Blockchain can reimagine the world's most fundamental business interactions and open the door to invent new styles of digital interactions. IBM is applying Blockchain to a very broad range of business applications
- 5. © 2016 IBM Corporation 5 IBM’s point-of-view on Blockchain 1. Blockchain is a new-style distributed-database technology that enables enterprises to interact more efficiently and securely across a wide variety of business application 2. Blockchain is not bitcoin; and while it was made popular by bitcoin, the computer science behind blockchain has been in development for the past two decades 3. Blockchain must be built in the open. IBM supports the Linux Foundation’s Hyperledger project because of it’s focus on balanced governance methodology and open source meritocracy. This approach will lower risk of adoption and has lead to record adoption by top industry companies and regulators. 4. Blockchain must be made ready for enterprise applications with a focus on privacy, confidentiality, auditability, performance and scalability. IBM OBC fabric, is built from the ground up with these attributes and was donated to the Hyperledger project 5. Blockchain must be permissioned to ensure greater trust across members, while enabling more optimized forms of consensus which avoids the need to mine, which comes are great cost in compute power and performance. Hence, IBM’s view of blockchain does not include mining of coins, fuel, or any form of currency.
- 6. © 2016 IBM Corporation 6 IBM’s point-of-view on Blockchain 6. Blockchain must be extensible to enable experimentation that will lead to innovations in consensus algorithms, storage, integration and performance. Hyperledger supports a modular architecture which allows 3rd parties to create and plug-in new value that they can either monetize or place back into the community. 7. Cloud-based deployments will provide the automation needed to quickly and accurately enable developers and operator to adopt blockchain 8. Use-cases for blockchain range from bold ideas to imagine (or re-imagine) business processes to more humble usage patterns to adopt sooner (2016) versus later. IBM defines four styles of usage with increasing level of difficulty: compliance ledger, asset exchange, consortium ledger and high value market ledger. 9. IBM Blockchain is conducting business in 2016 across three areas: – Community development (Hyperledger) – Cloud deployment which expands Hyperledger with value added features – Client engagement via the Blockchain Garage. 10. IBM is engaging government and regulators to educate, demonstrate and encourage the broad adoption of Blockchain for Enterprise usage.
- 7. © 2016 IBM Corporation 7 Key Concepts and Benefits of Blockchain for Business Smart Contract Smart Contract PermissionsPermissions Shared Ledger Shared Ledger ConsensusConsensus Ensuring appropriate visibility; transactions are secure, authenticated & verifiable Ensuring appropriate visibility; transactions are secure, authenticated & verifiable Business terms embedded in transaction database & executed with transactions Business terms embedded in transaction database & executed with transactions All parties agree to network verified transaction All parties agree to network verified transaction Append-only distributed system of record shared across business network Append-only distributed system of record shared across business network SavesSaves Time Transaction time from days to near instantaneous LowersLowers Cost Overheads and intermediary costs ReducesReduces Risk Tampering, fraud & cyber crime Benefits: Key Concepts:
- 8. © 2016 IBM Corporation 8 Shared Ledger and Smart Contracts Shared Ledger • Records all transactions across business network • Shared between participants • Participants have own copy through replication • Permissioned, so participants see only appropriate transactions • THE shared system of record Smart Contracts • Business rules implied by the contract …embedded in the Blockchain & • Executed with the transaction • Verifiable, signed and encoded in programming language • Example: – Defines contractual conditions under which corporate Bond transfer occurs
- 9. © 2016 IBM Corporation 9 Privacy and Pluggable Consensus Permissions for Privacy • Ledger is shared, but participants require privacy • Participants need: – Transactions to be private – Identity not linked to a transaction • Transactions need to be authenticated • Cryptography central to these processes Consensus to verify transactions • Anonymity is expensive – Bitcoin cryptographic mining • Participants known & trusted – Lowers cost of consensus • Pluggable Consensus alternatives – Proof of Stake – Multi-Signature (e.g. 3 of 5) – PBFT (cross checked secure message exchange)
- 10. © 2016 IBM Corporation 10 Blockchain User Certificate Authority Blockchain Developer Blockchain Network Operator Traditional Processing Platforms Traditional Data Sources Blockchain B2B transactions access to logic access to data creates applications operates accesses security certificates Regulator performs oversight The Participants in a Blockchain Network R U D O
- 11. © 2016 IBM Corporation 11 Validating Node B Validating Node B Validating Node CValidating Node C Validating Node A Validating Node A Validating Node D Validating Node D Validating Node E Validating Node E Blockchain Network A chain network that services solutions built for a particular industry. Shared Ledger: Records all transactions across business network Consensus: Transaction validation & commitment Non- Validating Node Non- Validating Node ChaincodeChaincode StateStateLogicLogic ChaincodeChaincode ChaincodeChaincode ChaincodeChaincode Proprietor(s) setup and define the purpose of a chain network. They are the stakeholders of a network. Auditors(s): Individuals or organizations with the permission to interrogate transactions and the blockchain network. Solution Users: end users typically initiate transactions on a chain network through applications made available by solutions providers. Non-Validating node: Constructs transactions and forwards them to validating nodes. Peer nodes keep a copy of all transaction records so that solution providers can query them locally. Solution Provider: Organizations that develop mobile/web applications for solution users to access chain networks., they own either NV or Validating node. Public transactions: transactions with its payload in the clear Membership Service (PKI) ECAECA TCATCA TLS-CATLS-CAReg. AReg. A Registration Authority: Assigns registration username & registration password pairs to network participants. This username/password pair will be used to acquire enrollment certificate from ECA. Enrollment CA (ECA): Issues enrollment certificates (ECert) to network participants that have already registered with a membership service. ECerts are long term certificates used to identify individual entities participating in one or more networks. Transaction CA (TCA): Issues transaction certificates (TCerts) to ECert owners. An infinite number of TCerts can be derived from each ECert. TCerts are used by network participants to send transactions. TLS CA: Issues TLS certificates to systems that transmit messages in a chain network. TLS certificates are used to secure the communication channel between systems. Chaincode (Smart Contract): Application logics stored and executed on the blockchain. Chaincode State: Chaincodes access internal state storage through state APIs. States are created and updated by transactions calling chaincode functions with state accessing logic. Confidential transactions: transactions where its payload is encrypted and is only visible to stakeholders of this transaction Confidential chaincode: chaincodes that only pre-defined subset of validators can view and execute The Blockchain Network
- 12. © 2016 IBM Corporation 12 Blockchain Technical Terminology Membership Smart Contract Systems Management Events Consensus Network Wallet Shared Ledger contains the current world state of the ledger and a Blockchain of transaction invocations encapsulates business network transactions in code. transaction invocations result in gets and sets of ledger state a collection of network data and processing peers forming a Blockchain network. Responsible for maintaining a consistently replicated ledger manages identity and transaction certificates, as well as other aspects of permissioned access creates notifications of significant operations on the Blockchain (e.g. a new block), as well as notifications related to smart contracts. Does not include event distribution. provides the ability to create, change and monitor Blockchain components securely manages a user’s security credentials responsible for integrating Blockchain bi-directionally with external systems. Not part of Blockchain, but used with it. Systems Integration
- 13. © 2016 IBM Corporation 13 BlockchainforBusiness–IBMStrategy Open Source Code: Blockchain built from the ground up for business; Permission | Privacy Confidential | Auditable Open Governance – 40 member board. Blockchain value-added manged service on SoftLayer and System Z: Identity | Consensus | Audit | System Integration | Hardware-assist for Performance & Security. Blockchain Solutions for Financial Services; Trade Finance | Capital Markets Blockchain Garage NY | London | Singapore | Japan Blockchain GBS Practice IBM Blockchain Linux Hyperledger Project Blockchain Solutions Blockchain Garage Community + Code Cloud Clients
- 14. © 2016 IBM Corporation 14 IBMBlockchainPlatform Capabilities • Complete DevOps Lifecycle via Bluemix • Smart contract language and API standards • Enterprise-grade identity, security and privacy • Seamless hybrid integration with legacy systems • Market leading performance and scalability IBM Differentiators • Deep cryptography: skills, assets, IP from Research • Hybrid Integration: WebSphere gateway & connectors • Optimization: on Z with crypto hardware & blue cores • Industry & domain expertise manifest in IBM solutions • Future: Analytics & cognitive leadership on blockchain
- 15. © 2016 IBM Corporation 15 IBM Blockchain Architecture & Code offered to Linux Foundation Openchain Services Openchain APIs, SDKs, CLI CHAIN-CODE Chain-code Services AP Membership Services Registration Attributes Reputation Blockchain Services Consensus Manager Distributed Ledger P2P Protocol Ledger Storage Secure Container Secure Registry TRANSACTIONS BLOCKCHAI N MEMBERSHIP Event HubEvent Hub MEMBERSHIP Identity, Privacy and Auditability of blockchain participants. BLOCKCHAIN | TRANSACTIONS Distributed transaction ledger whereby the ledger is updated by consensus CHAIN-CODE “Smart Contracts”, provide ability to run business logic against the blockchain APIs, SDKs, CLI Gives developers the ability to programmatically control the blockchain networkOpen Source Code: Blockchain built from the ground up for business; Permission | Privacy | Confidential | Auditable
- 16. © 2016 IBM Corporation 16 Blockchain – Perfect for Open Source ● New, potentially revolutionary technology ● Requiring multiple specialized skills to develop ● Used by multiple parties ● Controlled and monetized by no one ● Strong governance model So the Hyperledger Project was created at the Linux Foundation
- 17. © 2016 IBM Corporation 17 Introducing Hyperledger A collaborative effort created to advance blockchain technology by identifying and addressing important features for a cross-industry open standard for distributed ledgers that can transform the way business transactions are conducted globally.
- 18. © 2016 IBM Corporation 18 NEWLY ANNOUNCED
- 19. © 2016 IBM Corporation 19 Election Announcements Blythe Masters CEO Board Chair: Technical Steering Committee Chair: General Member Board Representatives: Chris Ferris CTO Open Technology Craig Young CTO Charles Cascarilla CEO
- 20. © 2016 IBM Corporation 20 Connecting with the Hyperledger Project Community • Mailing Lists: http://lists.hyperledger.org/ • Github : http://www.github.com/hyperledger • Slack (if you need an invite, please click https://slack.hyperledger.org/) • Wiki: https://github.com/hyperledger/hyperledger/wiki • IRC: #hyperledger on freenode.net • Code of Conduct https://github.com/hyperledger/hyperledger/wiki/Hyperledger- Project-Code-of-Conduct • Working Group Meetings (Calendar) https://github.com/hyperledger/hyperledger/wiki/PublicMeetingCalendar
- 21. © 2016 IBM Corporation 21 6 Proposed Code contributions
- 22. © 2016 IBM Corporation 22 60+ Developers Attended First Hackathon
- 23. © 2016 IBM Corporation 23 Consolidation begins? Fabric Sawtooth Lake
- 24. © 2016 IBM Corporation 24 Current activity • Requirements & Use cases WG – Patrick Holmes, Intel • Architecture WG – Ram Jagadeesan, Cisco • Identity WG – Christopher Allen, Blockstream • Whitepaper WG – Dave Voell, J.P. Morgan • Fabric Incubator • Sawtooth Lake Incubator • Release Integration - TBD
- 25. © 2016 IBM Corporation 25
- 26. © 2016 IBM Corporation 26 What’s next? • Monthly “hackathon” • Hire an Executive Director • Exploration of Sawtooth Lake Incubator – What can Fabric learn from STL and vice-versa • Initial draft of Whitepaper to be published • Requirements review by Technical Steering Committee
- 27. © 2016 IBM Corporation Please join us! www.ibm.com/blockchain www.hyperledger.org @christo4ferris @ajodowd
- 28. The future is wide OPEN … Thank you for dialing in! Stay engaged with dW Open: developerWorks Open home page https://developer.ibm.com/open Full list of developerWorks Open projects https://developer.ibm.com/open/projects Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/IBMdwOpen Upcoming calls and events https://developer.ibm.com/open/events See all our Tech Talk replays! https://developer.ibm.com/open/videos/