Iceberg theory
- 1. Multicultural Awareness Iceberg Theory
- 2. You As A Culturally Diverse Entity Source: Lee Gardenswartz and Anita Rowe, Managing diversity: A complete desk reference and planning guide, 1993
- 3. Who Are You? You belong to multiple circles (e.g. North American, student, etc.) Source: Lee Gardenswartz and Anita Rowe, Managing diversity: A complete desk reference and planning guide, 1993
- 4. What is Culture? How would you define culture?
- 5. Definition of Culture Culture is “the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from others.” (p.4) Source: Geert Hofstede & Gert Jan Hofstede, Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind, 2005
- 6. Three Levels of Uniqueness in Mental Programming Specific to Inherited and individual learned Personality Specific to group or Culture Learned category Universal Inherited Human Nature Source: Geert Hofstede & Gert Jan Hofstede, Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind, 2005
- 7. THREE CULTURES MODEL National Culture Corporate Personal Culture Culture Source: Gardenswartz, L. et.al, The global diversity desk reference, 2003
- 8. Iceberg Theory: Sources of Differences Between Countries and Groups Culture is like an iceberg. Most of what we know IDENTITY about people is hidden Language below the surface (their Food Rules, Laws thinking, values, etc.) Values (Software of the mind) Adapted From: Geert Hofstede & Gert Jan Hofstede, Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind, 2005
- 9. Stages of Intercultural Sensitivity Denial Defense Minimization Acceptance Adaptation Integration Source: M.J. Bennett, The Intercultural Communication Institute
- 10. Stages of Intercultural Sensitivity Ethnocentric Stages Denial of differences Defense against difference Minimization of difference Ethnorelative Stages Acceptance of difference Adaptation of difference Integration of difference Source: M.J. Bennett, The Intercultural Communication Institute
- 11. Example:INDIA
- 12. INDIA FACTS Population: 1 billion 16.7% of world’s population Median Age: 24.9 Literacy Rate: 59.5% English Speaking: 350 million
- 13. Religions Religions: Hindu 80.5% Muslim 13.4% Christian 2.3% Sikh 1.9% Other 1.8% Unspecified 0.1%
- 14. Food Religious value (Non-violence, halaal, caste taboos) Symbolic value (fasting) Societal value (hospitality)
- 15. Gujarati Thali This is a typical vegetarian meal in the state of Gujarat, India.