Forensic & We The Dentists
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The document discusses forensic odontology, which is a branch of dentistry focused on the examination and evaluation of dental evidence for justice. It highlights the historical development of the field, beginning with Dr. Paul Revere, and outlines various aspects of dental remains such as enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum in relation to age estimation and identification. The document emphasizes the importance of dental records in identifying living and deceased individuals and suggests increasing awareness and social responsibility among dental practitioners in India.
Forensic & We The Dentists
- 1. Forensic & We-The Dentists PRESENTED BY: MADHURIMA KUNDUGUIDED BY: Dr. GOUTHAM B.S. READER Department Of Public Health Dentistry Dr. SUJATHA RAMACHANDRA. SENIOR LECTURER. Department Of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology KALINGA INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES BHUBANESWAR ODISHA
- 2. 1. DEFINITION 2. HISTORY 3. DENTAL REMAINS: Enamel Dentin Pulp Cementum Maxilla & Mandible 4. CONCLUSION 5. REFERENCES
- 3. Branch of dentistry which, in the interest of justice, deals with the proper handling and examination of dental evidence, and with the proper evaluation and presentation of dental findings. –(Federation Dentaire Internationale)
- 4. The first forensic odontologist in the United States was Dr. Paul Revere who identified the extremed body of Dr. Joseph Warren, a revolutionary the British in 1775 through a bridge of silver and ivory that he had constructed two years previously The first treatise on forensic odontology was written by Dr. Oscar Amoedo in 1898 & he is known as the Father of Forensic Odontology Dr. Ashith B. Acharya, from India is an internationally acclaimed renowned forensic dentist
- 6. The aspartic acid in human tooth enamel shows increasing racemization with age. The rate constant for the racemization reaction of aspartic acid in human tooth enamel was found to be 8.29 X 10(-4) yr-1. This rate constant suggests that in any protein with a long in vivo lifetime, D-aspartic acid will accumulate with age (about 8% of total aspartic acid in enamel will be the D-enantiomer after 60 years). Thus, racemization may play some role in the aging process. Aspartic acid racemization in tooth enamel also provides a biochronological tool for assessing the age of living mammals. E N A M E L
- 8. CALIPER BASED DIGITAL METHOD D E N T I N Assessment of age from the dentition constitutes an important step in constructing an identity profile of the decedent. Dentinal translucency is one of the morpho-histologic parameters considered best for dental age estimation, not only in terms of accuracy but also simplicity
- 10. P U L P Recently, teeth have been the subject of DNA studies as the dental hard tissue which physically encloses the pulp and offers an anatomical configuration of great durability. Moreover, when morphologically evaluated, even a single tooth provides valuable information regarding the individual to whom the tooth belongs.
- 11. Soft tissue within coronal and radicular pulp chamber consists of odontoblasts, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, peripheral nerves and nucleated components of blood, which are rich sources of DNA. Extraction of DNA from the human body remains a difficult task and depends upon numerous environmental factors and extraction procedures. DNA from hard tissues like bone and teeth are most stable even after putrefaction of bodies.
- 12. C E M E N T U M CEMENTUM ANNULATIONS Tooth cementum annulation, the microscopic method for the determination of an individual’s age, gives results that are highly correlated with the chronological age of an individual. Nevertheless, this method is still rarely used for age estimation in archaeological populations. The use of cementum in the determination of age in humans begins with the measuring of the total width of the layer of cementum before the lines are counted.
- 13. Depending on the individual’s age, the thickness of Acellular Extrinsic Fiber Cementum ranges from 20 to 250mm. Alternating light and dark rings are subject to seasonal rhythms, which most likely occur under the influence of several factors such as a dose of UV-radiation, climatic conditions, different qualities of diet and the hormonal status of the individuals.
- 14. With the age changes, there has been a lot of changes in the growth of maxilla and mandible. In children before tooth eruption, the mental foramen is somewhat closer to the alveolar margin; during the eruption period, the mental foramen descends to half way between the upper and lower margins and in adults with the teeth preserved, and it is somewhat closer to the inferior border. With loss of teeth and bone resorption the mental foramen moves upwards closer to the alveolar border.
- 15. The tooth being the integral part of the body, the hardest substance to endure all types of environmental conditions has importance of each of its parts. Forensic Odontology is a vital and integral part of forensic science that is most widely utilized for identification of the living and deceased persons. In India, qualified forensic odontologists are very few. So, an attempt should be made to reinforce awareness in dental practitioners about the role of dentists in person identification to awaken the social responsibility of maintaining dental records of all patients.
- 16. 1. B.C. Manjunath, B.R. Chandrasekhar, Melkundi Mahesh, R.M.Vatchala Rani. DNA Profiling and forensic dentistry-a review of the recent concepts and trends. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 2011: Volume 18(2011). 2. T. Hasan. Characteristics Of The Mental Foramen In Different Populations. The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology, 2010: Volume 4 Number 2. 3. David K Whittaker. Research in Forensic Odontology. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1982: Volume 64. 4. Denice Higgins, Jeremy J.Austin. Teeth as a source of DNA for forensic identificationof human remains: A review. Science and Justice, 2013. 5. Marija B.Radovic. Aging in the Danube Gorges population-Tooth Cementum Annulation Method. Original Research Article.
- 17. THANK YOU