IIS interview questions and answers

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1 IISInterviewQuestions&Answers
IIS Interview Questions and Answers
IISServeriswebserverprovidedbyMicrosofthostwebsiteswithease.Below are IISInterview questions
and answerswhichwill helpyoutocrack IIS interview tograbIIS adminpositionintop companies.
These IISinterviewquestionsandanswerare providedinlucidlanguage alongwithextrareference
materials,whichcanbe usedbyboth experience IISadmin&Fresher.
What is IIS ?
InternetInformationServices(IIS),formerlyknownasInternetInformationServer,isawebserver
produced byMicrosoft.IIS isusedwithMicrosoftWindowsOSsandisthe Microsoft-centriccompetition
to Apache,the mostpopularwebserverusedwithUnix/Linux-basedsystems.
What is the Role of IIS ?
Visual studiohasASP.NETEngine whichiscapable torunAsp.netwebapplication.Sowe justclickon
Run buttonto start the application.
IISprovidesaredesignedWWWarchitecture whichcanhelpyouachieve betterperformance,
scalability,reliabilityandsecurityforourWebsites.IISsupportsfollowingProtocol HTTP/HTTPS,FTP,
FTPS,SMTP Etc. We needtohostthe site on IIS,whenrequestcomesfromclientitfirsthitsthe IIS
Server,thenthe serverpassedittoASP.NETworkerprocesstoexecute.Thenthe responsealsopasses
to clientviaIISitself. Note onlyHostingof Site we cancreate ourFTP Server,SMTP ServerusingIIS
itself.There are differentversionof IISavailable like 5.1,6.0, 7.0 etc.
What are hardware requirementsofIIS Server?
An IISserverrequirementis basedonwhatapplicationwe are goingtodeployonwebserver(frontend
and backend) &numberhitsexpectedatserver.
Minimumconfigurationforany webserveris,
 Anymidrange server
 2GB RAM
 160 GB Hard drive

What are difference versionsofIISavailable? Or what is difference betweenIIS6 and IIS 7?
Almosteveryversionof IISwasreleasedeitheralongsideorwitha versionof MicrosoftWindows:
 IIS1.0 was initiallyreleasedasafree add-onforWindowsNT3.51.
 IIS2.0 was includedwithWindowsNT4.0.
 IIS3.0, whichwasincludedwithService Pack2of WindowsNT4.0, introducedthe Active Server
Pagesdynamicscriptingenvironment.
 IIS4.0 was releasedaspartof the "OptionPack"for WindowsNT4.0. It introducedthe new
MMC-basedadministrationapplication.
 IIS5.0 shippedwithWindows2000 and introducedadditional authenticationmethods,support
for the WebDAV protocol,andenhancementstoASP.IIS5.0alsodroppedsupportforthe
Gopherprotocol
 IIS5.1 was shippedwithWindowsXPProfessional,andwasnearlyidentical toIIS5.0 on
Windows 2000.
 IIS6.0 includedwithWindowsServer2003 and WindowsXPProfessional x64Edition,added
supportfor IPv6and includedanew workerprocessmodel thatincreasedsecurityaswell as
reliability.
 IIS7.0 was a complete redesignandrewrite of IIS,and wasshippedwithWindowsVistaand
WindowsServer2008. IIS 7.0 includedanew modulardesignthatallowedforareducedattack
surface and increasedperformance.Italsointroducedahierarchical configurationsystem
allowingforsimplersite deploys,a new WindowsForms-basedmanagementapplication,new
command-linemanagementoptionsandincreasedsupportforthe .NET Framework.IIS7.0on
Vistadoesnotlimitthe numberof allowedconnectionsasIISonXPdid,but limitsconcurrent
requeststo10 (WindowsVistaUltimate,Business,andEnterprise Editions) or3(VistaHome
Premium).Additional requestsare queued,whichhampersperformance,buttheyare not
rejectedaswithXP.
 IIS7.5 was includedinWindows7(butitmust be turnedon inthe side panel of Programsand
Features) andWindowsServer2008 R2. IIS7.5 improvedWebDAV andFTPmodulesaswell as
command-lineadministrationin PowerShell.ItalsointroducedTLS1.1 and TLS 1.2 supportand
the BestPracticesAnalyzertool andprocessisolation forapplicationpools.[10]
 IIS8.0 is onlyavailable inWindowsServer2012 and Windows8.IIS 8.0 includesSNI(bindingSSL
to hostnamesratherthanIP addresses),ApplicationInitialization,centralizedSSLcertificate
support,andmulticore scalingonNUMA hardware,amongothernew features.
 IIS8.5 is includedinWindowsServer2012 R2 and Windows8.1.This versionincludes idle
worker-Processpage-out,DynamicSite Activation,EnhancedLogging,ETWlogging,and
AutomaticCertificate Rebind.
 IIS10 isincludedinWindowsServer2016 andWindows10. This versionincludessupportfor
HTTP/2.

How to Install IIS Manger?
 In Windows,accessthe Control Panel andclickAddor Remove Programs.
 In the Addor Remove Programswindow,clickAdd/Remove WindowsComponents.
 Selectthe InternetInformationServices(IIS) checkbox,clickNext,thenclickFinish.
How to start IIS Manger?
There are twowaysto start IIS Manger.
 Run > inetmgr
 Control panel > Administrativetools
What are main layer of IIS architecture?
IIS havingmainlytwolayersKernelMode andUser Mode
1. Kernel Mode
 HTTP.SYS
2. User Mode
 WebAdminService
 Virtual Directory
 ApplicationPool
What are IIS services?
Basedon IISrole IIS can provide below IISServices.
 wwwservices
 FTP services
 SMTP services
 NNTPservices
What are IIS Port Numbers?
HTTP : 80 (defaultportforiis),SSL: 443,FTP : 21,SMTP : 25,POP2 : 109,POP3 : 110,IMAP : 143,NNTP :
119,LDAP : 89, DNS: 53,DHCP : 67
What are the Error & Stats codesavailable in IIS?
 100 Series - Informational
 200 Series - Success
 300 Series - Redirection

 400 Series - ClientError
 500 Series - ServerError
How Internet InformationServicesworks?
Whenclientrequestforanaspx pages,requestcomestokernel level off IISmeanstoHTTP.SYS.
HTTP.SYS receivesthe requestandbasedonthe applicationpool name [ Whichisalready registered
withthe HTTP.SYS ] itsendthe requesttoworkerprocess.WindowsActivationprocessworksas
mediatorof them.w3wp.exe loads"aspnet_isapi.dll"filestostartthe HTTPRuntime .HTTPRuntime
createsHTTPApplicationobjectsandall requests are passedthroughHTTPModule andfinallyreachedto
HttpHandler.This isthe requestpipeline.Afterendof Requestpipeline ASP.NETPage lifecycle starts.
What is role of HTTP.SYS in IIS?
HTTP.SYS isthe kernel levelcomponentsof IIS.All clientrequestscomesfromclienthitthe HTTP.SYSof
Kernel level.
HTTP.SYS thenmakesa queue foreachand everyrequestforeachandindividualapplicationpool based
on the request. Wheneverwe create anyapplicationpool IISautomaticallyregistersthe pool with
HTTP.SYS to identifythe particularduringrequestprocessing.
What is ApplicationPool in IIS?
Applicationpoolsare usedtoseparate setsof IIS workerprocessesthatshare the same configuration
and applicationboundaries.
Applicationpoolsusedtoisolate ourwebapplicationforbettersecurity,reliability,andavailabilityand
performance and keeprunningwithoutimpactingeachother.The workerprocessservesasthe process
boundarythat separateseachapplicationpool sothatwhenone workerprocessorapplicationishaving
an issue orrecycles,otherapplicationsorworkerprocessesare not affected.One ApplicationPool can
have multiple workerprocessAlso.
Or we can simplysaythat, Anapplicationpool isagroup of one or more URLs that are servedbya
workerprocessor setof workerprocesses.AnyWebdirectoryorvirtual directorycan be assignedtoan
applicationpool.Sothatone website cannotbe affectedbyother,if uusedseparatedapplicationpool.
What is the worker process for IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0 and IIS 7.0?
 For IIS5.1 > aspnet_wp.exe
 For IIS6.0 > w3wp.exe
 For IIS7.0 > w3wp.exe
What are the differenttypes ofapplicationpool available in IIS 7.0 ?
1. DefaultAppPool(Integrated)

2. ClassicAppPool
What is the Name of DefaultApplicationPool inIIS?
We can create newapplicationpool IISwithdifferentsettings,butIIShavingits owndefaultapplication
pool named: DefaultAppPool.
What are App Pool and App Domain? Whatis the difference betweenthese two?
 ApplicationPool iscreatedthe eachandeverywebsite.
 ApplicationDomainiscreatedtoone domainPurpose.
What are the propertiesofApp Pool inIIS?
1. 1.Recycling
2. 2.Perfomance
3. 3.Health
4. 4.Identity
What is the defaultauthenticationsetting for IIS?
Anonymousauthenticationisthe defaultauthenticationmode foranysite thatishostedonIIS,and it
runs underthe IUSR_[ServerName]account.
What are the differenttypesof applicationpool Identityavailable in IIS?
 In IIS6.0 - NetworkServices|LocalService |LocalSystem
 In IIS7.0 - NetworkServices|LocalService |LocalSystem|ApplicationPoolIdentity
Name ofdefaultapplication pool Identityof IIS6.0?
DefaultIdentityof IIS6.0 is Network Services.
NetworkServices ishavingveryminimumrightsonyoursystem?The usercan onlyhave the readaccess
of the site.
What is Recyclingof ApplicationPool?
RecyclingApplicationpool meansrecycle the Workerprocess(w3wp.exe ) andthe memoryusedforthe
webapplication.
There are twotypesof recyclingrelatedwithApplicationpool
1. RecyclingWorkerProcess - PredefinedSettings
2. RecyclingWorkerProcess - Basedon Memory
Can we create one ApplicationPool From AnotherApplicationPool ?

Yes.We can.
While creatingApplicationApplicationPool FromIIS,there shouldhave twooptionavailablefirstone is
for DefaultSettingandAnotherisforExistingSettingastemplate.
We can selectthe secondone andfromthe drop downlistedbelow we canselectanyonthe
ApplicationPool asTemplate.
What is the use of Enable PingingPropertiesfor ApplicationPool ?
IISshouldperiodicallymonitorthe healthof aworkerprocess [ Idle ornot , Time forrecycle or not,All
Workerprocessare runningproperlyornot] .
Piningmeans,ActivationProcessmonitorWorkerprocessperformance,health,idletime etc.
By defaultitsetsto30s .
How we can save ApplicationPool Settings?
ApplicationPool Settingscanbe save as"XML" Format.
RightClickon ApplicationPool>All Task> Save ConfigurationtoaFile .
Thiswill save all the settingsof ApplicationPool asanXML file.We can make it passwordprotectedalso.
What are the DifferentAuthentication Methods(UsingWindowsAuthentication) whichare provided
by IIS ?
IISServerprovidesfourdifferentkindsof AuthenticationMethodstheyare :
1. AnonymousMethod
If we selectthisauthentication,IISdoesn'tperformanyauthenticationsothatanyone canaccess the
application.
2. Basic Method
If we selectthismethod,the userswhoaccess the applicationshouldprovide windowsusernameand
passwordto accessthe application.Althoughthisissentthroughanetworkbytransmittingdirecttext
so itit veryinsecure.
3. DigestMethod
Thismethodisalmostequal toBasic methodbutthe difference isthe passwordishashedbefore itis
transmittedthroughouta network.
4. WindowsIntegratedMethod

In thisthe applicationusesthe Kerberosprotocol to validate (Authenticate) the user.ThisusesaSecret
keycryptographywhichprovides stringauthenticationforClient/Serverapplications.
What is the defaultuser name of an anonymous loginin IIS?
In IIS,an anonymoususerwill be givenwithausername of IUSR_MachineName.
What is webgarden ?
By defaultEachApplicationPool runswithaSingle WorkerProcess(W3Wp.exe).We canassignmultiple
WorkerProcessWitha Single ApplicationPool.AnApplicationPoll withmultipleWorkerprocesscalled
WebGardens.Each WorkerProcessShouldhave theirownThreadandOwnMemory space.
How we can create a WebGarden?
For creatingweb gardenwe needtogo to ApplicationPool,thenRightClickonApplicationPool >
Properties>Go to Performance Tab
In WebGarden Section,increase the numberof workerprocess.Bydefaultitis1.
What is WebFarm ?
Whenwe hostedour webApplicationonmultiple webserverunderaloadbalancercall the WebFarm.
Thisis generallyusedforheavyloadwebapplicationwherethere are manyuser requests ata time.So
WhenWebApplicationishostedonDifferentIISServeroveraloadbalancer,Loadbalanceris
responsible fordistribute the loadondifferentserver.
How we can create a Virtual Directory on IIS ?
1. OpenIISManager
2. Firstof all RightClickon Defaultwebsites>New > Virtual Directory.
3. Browse the Physical Path.Setthe properties.ClickonOK
What are the permissionsettingsare available for Virtual Directory ?
Beloware the listsof permissionthatcanbe set during virtual directorycreation
 Read
 Run Scripts
 Execute
 Write
 Browse

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