Implementation of BAT approach: Experience of Georgia
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The document summarizes Georgia's current state of industrial environmental regulation and progress towards implementing Best Available Techniques (BAT). Key points include: 1. Georgia's environmental laws include an Environmental Assessment Code, but some industrial activities are subject only to technical requirements rather than environmental impact assessments. 2. Draft laws have been prepared to implement the EU's Industrial Emissions Directive and establish an integrated permitting system for certain industries by 2020 and BAT implementation by 2026 per the EU-Georgia Association Agreement. 3. Challenges to further BAT enforcement include economic issues, lack of BAT guidance translated to Georgian, and low industry awareness. Developing sector-specific BAT conclusions and pilot projects were recommended.
Implementation of BAT approach: Experience of Georgia
- 1. The current state of industrial environmental regulation and BAT implementation in Georgia Regional meeting with Eastern Partnership countries on implementing a Best Available Techniques (BAT) approach to environmental regulation 16 November 2020 Virtually through ZOOM
- 2. The Current Regulatory frame Environmental Assessment Code Environmental Technical Regulations Law on Water Law on Ambient Air Protection Waste Management Code Law on Soil Protection and etc.
- 3. The current state of industrial environmental regulation According to the law of Georgia “Environmental Assessment Code*” the following activities shall be subject to an environmental impact assessment ('EIA'): 1. The activities provided for by Annex I to this Code 2. The activities provided for by Annex II to this Code, which will be made subject to an EIA on the basis of a screening decision Screening is a procedure to determine the need to perform an EIA. If the planned activity is not provided for by Annexes, or the Ministry decides, after the completion of the screening procedure, that the planned activity shall not be subject to an EIA, the applicant shall comply with the requirements established by the environmental technical regulations and environmental standards applicable in Georgia. *Entered into force on 1 January 2018
- 4. Activities that require Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) • Information on potential adverse effects and emissions should be provided • Emission Limit Values (ELV) are set • Waste management plan (depending on the amount and type of waste generated) • Monitoring requirements • Reporting Activities that do not require Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) • Technical Conditions (Air emissions, Surface water consumption) • Emission Limit Values (ELV) are not set out • Registration procedure (depending on the amount and type of waste generated) • Keep a record of waste and to report to the Ministry The Current Regulatory frame
- 5. Progress towards BAT implementation The draft law on Industrial Emissions and relevant draft by-laws have been prepared in line with the provisions of the IED 2010/75/EU in the scope of EU founded Twinning project List of draft by-laws: On special provisions for combustion plants On special provisions for waste incineration and co-incineration plants On Conditions for installations producing titanium dioxide On Conditions for installations and activities using organic solvents EU-Georgia Association Agreement (AA): Integrated permit system implementation – by 01.09.2020 BAT implementation – by 01.09.2026
- 6. Draft Law of Georgia on Industrial Emissions AIM – to prevent, reduce and control emissions from the polluting industrial activities to air, water and soil, as well as prevention of waste generation; The Law encompasses issuance of Integrated Permit for the activities that fall under Annex I (including, energy production, mining, chemical industry, waste management, etc.), as well as combustion and waste incineration/co-incineration plants; For activities that need Integrated Permit - The draft law sets specific requirements and the emission limit values on the basis of the BAT; The competent authority – Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia During the transitional period the application for Integrated Permit shall contain BAT implementation plan with relevant timescale. Due to COVID-19 situation the process of approval has been postponed
- 7. The amendments to the law of Georgia on Ambient Air Protection The amendments to the law of Georgia on Ambient Air Protection have been prepared by the Ministry and sent to the parliament for approvement (at the beginning of the year) The amendments imply establishment of continuous monitoring requirements from May 2021 for certain industrial sector facilities: Power plants Metallurgy Mineral Industry: Production of Glass, Cement, Clinker, Gypsum Chemical and Pharmaceutical production Due to COVID-19 situation the process of approval has been postponed
- 8. General Binding Rules for poultry sector In the framework of EU4Environment assistance the preliminary draft document on General Binding Rules (GBRs) for the poultry sector has been prepared by the OECD with support from the Clean Technology Centre at CIT, Ireland. The draft GBRs consist of a preliminary set of simple binding guidelines for the Georgia’s poultry sector in terms of certain practices and procedures to help reduce the environmental impact of small and medium farming operations while encouraging improved efficiency.
- 9. Obligation of Energy audit for large enterprises Within the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development the law on Energy Efficiency has been elaborated and adopted on May 26th 2020 The law implies the implementation of energy efficiency principles for industry sector The large enterprises are required to be subject to an energy audit once per 4 year or implement the Energy Management System according to ISO 50001 standard from the 1 January 2022
- 10. Challenges and needs Though the BAT definition implies the possibility of implementation of techniques under economically and technically viable conditions, economical issues are the most important obstacles on the way of further enforcement of BAT The absence of BAT Conclusions translated in Georgian language and relevant data exchange platform on BAT and BREF’s on national level is one of the significant obstacles for BAT implementation Lack of awareness on BAT of industrial sector
- 11. Challenges and needs Development of Governmental Acts on sector specific BAT Conclusions Evaluation of the potential of Best Available Techniques (BAT) for at least two domains and development of the recommendations or/and one Pilot Project on BAT implementation in selected enterprise Familiarizing with the Best Available Techniques (BAT) on management/regulation of the odor and noise Trainings on BAT, including BAT implementation experiences in different countries for industry and stakeholders Further development of General Binding Requirements (GBR) for the activities that are subject to the technical conditions (cement concrete production, petrol station etc.)
- 12. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION Nino Obolashvili Head of Integrated Management Division Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia Nino.obolashvili@mepa.gov.ge