IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LIBRARY SYSTEM BY USING DSPACE & ANDROID APPS AT AMU MAIN CAMPUS
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The document presents a proposal for implementing a digital library system using DSpace and mobile applications at Arba Minch University to improve access in developing countries where computer and internet use is limited. By leveraging the widespread use of mobile phones, the project aims to enhance accessibility to scientific and academic publications, allowing users to interact with digital library resources through features such as offline reading and federated search. This initiative seeks to address significant barriers to accessing library materials and promote the global dissemination of knowledge.
![Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M
http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com
contribute for improving the global accessibility of scientific and academic publications these
countries are 20,5% and 24,5% respectively, there are about 76 mobile phones for each 100
people. Thus, if digital libraries could be made available on these devices, they would
theoretically reach a broader range of people.
By its turn, in the developed world, where these challenges are not crucial, digital libraries
have promoted a particularly evident transformation on the accessibility of scientific and
academic materials, making resources available in a very quick and reliable manner. In these
countries, according to the same ITU statistics, the percentage of households with Internet and
computer are 71.4% and 74,0% respectively, and there are about 118 mobile phones for each
100 people! Moreover, there is a strong trend towards the usage of mobile devices for Internet
access. In 2009 for the first time, mobile phones were used more for accessing data than for
making calls [4]. Thus, making digital libraries accessible over mobile phones seem also to
bring important added value into the developed countries.
• Before venturing into making a service available on mobile phones it is imperative to have a
clear understanding on the potential users, on which equipments they use, on what their
objectives are, etc.
• On mobile devices, only a subset of the system functionalities should be made available, with
a particular attention to an adequate interaction design. However, the results should always be
the same, no matter if a desktop computer or a mobile device is used.
• A native mobile application is usually recommended when some mobile phone specific
features are required, such as offline access, camera usage, user location, etc.
• A specific web service should be created to provide data to the application instead of bundling
images and metadata with the application.
2. PROBLEM DOMAIN
• Library space.
• Issual of library cards.
• Monitoring of the transaction.
• Lack of books.
• Presence of a librarian.
• Crowdy library.
• Safety and security of the library books.
• Pressure in organizing the books.
• Failure in reaching library updates to the students.
2.1. Proposed System
• Getting offline content into online.
• Providing mobile connection to that online content.
• Uploading pdf files, Notes, images and lecture videos.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijlis0602001-170313110645/85/IMPLEMENTATION-OF-DIGITAL-LIBRARY-SYSTEM-BY-USING-DSPACE-ANDROID-APPS-AT-AMU-MAIN-CAMPUS-2-320.jpg)
![Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M
http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 6 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 6 The basic custom page
8. CONCLUSIONS
The Digital Library Management softwares (DLMS) present an easy to use, customizable
architecture to create online digital libraries. With these institutions/organizations can
disseminate their research work, manuscripts, or any other digital media for preservations and
world over dissemination of digital items. The software’s discussed above present different
services and architectures. It is difficult to propose one specific DLMS system as the most
suitable for all cases. The study can be used as a reference guide by any organization or
institute to decide which one will be ideal for creating and showcasing their digital collection.
The choice usually depends on type/format of material, distribution of material, software
platform and time frame etc for setting up a Digital Library. This paper has proposed a design
for an alternative mechanism of accessing DSpace-based digital libraries through mobile
devices, using both, mobile Web and native application. This mechanism should bring an
important contribution to bringing library materials to the developing countries, which face on
one hand, tremendous problems on accessing printed publications, and on the other, several
challenges on accessing the existing digital libraries. Given the low computer penetration
rates and high mobile phone penetration rates in these countries, accessing digital libraries
through mobile devices is a real alternative. Such access mechanism is also important for the
developed world, where there has been a strong trend towards using mobile devices for
accessing resources on the go. The next stages of this ongoing project include an evaluation
on the level of acceptance and usage of this alternative access mechanism, in developing
countries context. Thus, a better understanding should be achieved on the aspects that should
be taken into consideration when making a DL accessible on mobile devices, as well as how
they are perceived and accepted by users.
REFERENCES
[1] Ngimwa, P. 2006. An African experience in providing a digital library service: the African
Virtual University example. Paper presented at the 4th Pan Commonwealth Forum on
open learning.
[2] Witten, I. H. 2006. Digital libraries for the developing world. Interactions, 13, 4, 20-21.
[3] Rosa, I. B. and Lamas, D. 2007. Digital libraries for developing countries. Proceedings of
the IADIS International Conference on e-Society (Lisbon, Portugal, July 3-6, 2007), 502-
504.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijlis0602001-170313110645/85/IMPLEMENTATION-OF-DIGITAL-LIBRARY-SYSTEM-BY-USING-DSPACE-ANDROID-APPS-AT-AMU-MAIN-CAMPUS-6-320.jpg)
![Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at
AMU Main Campus
http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 7 editor@iaeme.com
[4] Høivik, J. 2010. Mobile Digital Library in the National Library of Norway. Proceedings
of the World Library and Information Congress:76th IFLA General Conference and
Assembly (Gothenburg, Sweden, 10-15 August 2010).
[5] Ku. Pratibha N. Atram, Digital Library Services in the Digital Age. International Journal
of Library & Information Science, 6(1), 2017, pp.79–82.
[6] S. Vijayakumar and Dr. S. Gopalakrishnan, Effectiveness of Digital Library: An
Empirical Study. International Journal of Library & Information Science, 5(3), 2016,
pp.119–132.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijlis0602001-170313110645/85/IMPLEMENTATION-OF-DIGITAL-LIBRARY-SYSTEM-BY-USING-DSPACE-ANDROID-APPS-AT-AMU-MAIN-CAMPUS-7-320.jpg)
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LIBRARY SYSTEM BY USING DSPACE & ANDROID APPS AT AMU MAIN CAMPUS
- 1. http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 1 editor@iaeme.com International Journal of Library & Information Science (IJLIS) Volume 6, Issue 2, March–April 2017, pp. 01–07, Article ID: IJLIS_06_02_001 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/issues.asp?JType=IJLIS&VType=6&IType=2 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.2651 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 2277-3533 and ISSN Online: 2277-3584 © IAEME Publication IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LIBRARY SYSTEM BY USING DSPACE & ANDROID APPS AT AMU MAIN CAMPUS Dr. Narayana Swamy R Associate Professor, Department of ECE, AMIT, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia Ato. Haile Mariam M Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, AMIT, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Developing countries face serious problems on building and using digital libraries (DL) due to low computer and Internet penetration rates, lack of financial resources, etc. Thus, since mobile phones are much more used than computers in these countries, they might be a good alternative for accessing DL. Moreover, in the developed world there has been an exponential growth on the usage of mobile phones for data traffic, establishing a good ground for accessing DL on mobile devices. This paper presents a design proposal for making DSpace-based digital libraries accessible on mobile phones. Since DSpace is a popular free and open source DL system used around the world, making it accessible through mobile devices might contribute for improving the global accessibility of scientific and academic publications. Key words: Dspace, Android App, Routing Cite this Article: Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M, Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at AMU Main Campus. International Journal of Library & Information Science, 6(2), 2017, pp.01–07. http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/issues.asp?JType=IJLIS&VType=6&IType=2 1. INTRODUCTION Developing countries face serious problems on building and using digital libraries (DL) due to low computer and Internet penetration rates, lack of financial resources, etc. Thus, since mobile phones are much more used than computers in these countries, they might be a good alternative for accessing DL. Moreover, in the developed world there has been an exponential growth on the usage of mobile phones for data traffic, establishing a good ground for accessing DL on mobile devices. This paper presents a design proposal for making DSpace- based digital libraries accessible on mobile phones. Since DSpace is a popular free and open source DL system used around the world, making it accessible through mobile devices might
- 2. Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com contribute for improving the global accessibility of scientific and academic publications these countries are 20,5% and 24,5% respectively, there are about 76 mobile phones for each 100 people. Thus, if digital libraries could be made available on these devices, they would theoretically reach a broader range of people. By its turn, in the developed world, where these challenges are not crucial, digital libraries have promoted a particularly evident transformation on the accessibility of scientific and academic materials, making resources available in a very quick and reliable manner. In these countries, according to the same ITU statistics, the percentage of households with Internet and computer are 71.4% and 74,0% respectively, and there are about 118 mobile phones for each 100 people! Moreover, there is a strong trend towards the usage of mobile devices for Internet access. In 2009 for the first time, mobile phones were used more for accessing data than for making calls [4]. Thus, making digital libraries accessible over mobile phones seem also to bring important added value into the developed countries. • Before venturing into making a service available on mobile phones it is imperative to have a clear understanding on the potential users, on which equipments they use, on what their objectives are, etc. • On mobile devices, only a subset of the system functionalities should be made available, with a particular attention to an adequate interaction design. However, the results should always be the same, no matter if a desktop computer or a mobile device is used. • A native mobile application is usually recommended when some mobile phone specific features are required, such as offline access, camera usage, user location, etc. • A specific web service should be created to provide data to the application instead of bundling images and metadata with the application. 2. PROBLEM DOMAIN • Library space. • Issual of library cards. • Monitoring of the transaction. • Lack of books. • Presence of a librarian. • Crowdy library. • Safety and security of the library books. • Pressure in organizing the books. • Failure in reaching library updates to the students. 2.1. Proposed System • Getting offline content into online. • Providing mobile connection to that online content. • Uploading pdf files, Notes, images and lecture videos.
- 3. Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at AMU Main Campus http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 3 editor@iaeme.com 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1 System Architecture. 4. DSPACE The DSpace is a joint project of the MIT Libraries and HP labs. It is a digital asset management system that allows institutions, such as libraries to collect, archive, index, and disseminate the scholarly and intellectual efforts of a community. Written with a combination of technologies by MIT, it is primarily used to capture bibliographic information describing articles, papers, theses, and dissertations. DSpace is adaptable to different community needs. Interoperability between systems is built-in and it adheres to international standards for metadata format. Being an open source technology platform, DSpace can be customized to extend its capabilities. Some of its characteristics as shown in DSpace documentation are as: a) It is a service model for open access and/or digital archiving for perennial access. b) Provides a platform to frame an Institutional Repository and the collections are searchable and retrievable by the Web. c) Helps to make available institution-based scholarly material in digital formats. The collections will be open and interoperable. The organization of data modal in DSpace is intended to mirror the structure of the organization using the DSpace. Each DSpace site is divided into communities, which can be further divided into sub-communities reflecting the typical university structure of college, department, research centre, or laboratory. Communities contain collections, which are groupings of related content. A collection may appear in more than one community. Each collection is composed of items, which are the basic archival elements of the archive. Each item is owned by one collection. Additionally, an item may appear in additional collections; however every item has one and only one owning collection. Items are further subdivided into named bundles of bitstreams. Bitstreams are, as the name suggests, streams of bits, usually ordinary computer files. Bitstreams that are somehow closely related (for example HTML files and images that compose a single HTML document) are organized into bundles. .
- 4. Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com Figure 2 DSpace Digital repository Modal. 5. ANDROID APP The core idea of this mobile application for DSpace-based digital libraries is bringing the most important users functionalities of these libraries into a mobile phone, enabling offline reading, and bringing additional functionalities, according to the user needs and requirements. Since android is the most popular smartphone among the person as defined in the previous section, this mobile application is developed specifically for this type of devices. However, considering that in 2011 the Android powered mobile phones had a 244% annual growth and represented 48.8% of smartphone shipments3, developing an application for android powered mobile phones seem to be a must. Therefore, an Android version of mDSpace should also be developed in the ambit of this project. Thus, taking into consideration the created personas, a set of functionalities was defined for the system. Figure 3 Concept Map For mDSpace
- 5. Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp Figure 3 shows a concept map for the proposed mobile application, according to the requirements of the primary personas (red and green) as well as of the secondary personas (blue and brown). Therefore, the system should allow users to: • Search for resources in one DSpace (federate search). This federate search on DSpace accomplished using either DSpace REST API or Perl DEiXToBot scripts, on the server side. • Download materials for offline reading. While reading offline, users should be able to highlight texts and take notes. This functionality requires the mobile device to have a local database of downloaded resources, including the corresponding metadata. • Manage the reading list of downloaded materials, including rating, flagging and deleting. • Send reading suggestions to other users as well as receiving automatic reading suggestions provided by the back-end service, according to the user profile and the usag available materials. 6. ROUTING • Routing = building maps and giving directions • Find path forward packet, forward packet, forward packet, forward packet...find alternate path forward packet, forward packet, forward packet, forward • Here it will give access to the only particular site that is DSpace of the campus site. 7. RESULTS Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at AMU Main Campus http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 5 editor@iaeme.com Figure 3 shows a concept map for the proposed mobile application, according to the requirements of the primary personas (red and green) as well as of the secondary personas (blue and brown). Therefore, the system should allow users to: ces in one DSpace-based DL as well as in several libraries at the same time (federate search). This federate search on DSpace-based digital libraries should be accomplished using either DSpace REST API or Perl DEiXToBot scripts, on the server side. load materials for offline reading. While reading offline, users should be able to highlight texts and take notes. This functionality requires the mobile device to have a local database of downloaded resources, including the corresponding metadata. ge the reading list of downloaded materials, including rating, flagging and deleting. Send reading suggestions to other users as well as receiving automatic reading suggestions end service, according to the user profile and the usag Routing = building maps and giving directions Find path forward packet, forward packet, forward packet, forward packet...find alternate path forward packet, forward packet, forward packet, forward packe repeat until powered off Here it will give access to the only particular site that is DSpace of the campus site. Figure 4 Routing Figure 5 Before customization Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at editor@iaeme.com Figure 3 shows a concept map for the proposed mobile application, according to the requirements of the primary personas (red and green) as well as of the secondary personas based DL as well as in several libraries at the same time based digital libraries should be accomplished using either DSpace REST API or Perl DEiXToBot scripts, on the server side. load materials for offline reading. While reading offline, users should be able to highlight texts and take notes. This functionality requires the mobile device to have a local database of downloaded resources, including the corresponding metadata. ge the reading list of downloaded materials, including rating, flagging and deleting. Send reading suggestions to other users as well as receiving automatic reading suggestions end service, according to the user profile and the usage statistics of Find path forward packet, forward packet, forward packet, forward packet...find alternate path repeat until powered off Here it will give access to the only particular site that is DSpace of the campus site.
- 6. Dr. Narayana Swamy R and Ato. Haile Mariam M http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 6 editor@iaeme.com Figure 6 The basic custom page 8. CONCLUSIONS The Digital Library Management softwares (DLMS) present an easy to use, customizable architecture to create online digital libraries. With these institutions/organizations can disseminate their research work, manuscripts, or any other digital media for preservations and world over dissemination of digital items. The software’s discussed above present different services and architectures. It is difficult to propose one specific DLMS system as the most suitable for all cases. The study can be used as a reference guide by any organization or institute to decide which one will be ideal for creating and showcasing their digital collection. The choice usually depends on type/format of material, distribution of material, software platform and time frame etc for setting up a Digital Library. This paper has proposed a design for an alternative mechanism of accessing DSpace-based digital libraries through mobile devices, using both, mobile Web and native application. This mechanism should bring an important contribution to bringing library materials to the developing countries, which face on one hand, tremendous problems on accessing printed publications, and on the other, several challenges on accessing the existing digital libraries. Given the low computer penetration rates and high mobile phone penetration rates in these countries, accessing digital libraries through mobile devices is a real alternative. Such access mechanism is also important for the developed world, where there has been a strong trend towards using mobile devices for accessing resources on the go. The next stages of this ongoing project include an evaluation on the level of acceptance and usage of this alternative access mechanism, in developing countries context. Thus, a better understanding should be achieved on the aspects that should be taken into consideration when making a DL accessible on mobile devices, as well as how they are perceived and accepted by users. REFERENCES [1] Ngimwa, P. 2006. An African experience in providing a digital library service: the African Virtual University example. Paper presented at the 4th Pan Commonwealth Forum on open learning. [2] Witten, I. H. 2006. Digital libraries for the developing world. Interactions, 13, 4, 20-21. [3] Rosa, I. B. and Lamas, D. 2007. Digital libraries for developing countries. Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on e-Society (Lisbon, Portugal, July 3-6, 2007), 502- 504.
- 7. Implementation of Digital Library System By Using Dspace & Android Apps at AMU Main Campus http://www.iaeme.com/IJLIS/index.asp 7 editor@iaeme.com [4] Høivik, J. 2010. Mobile Digital Library in the National Library of Norway. Proceedings of the World Library and Information Congress:76th IFLA General Conference and Assembly (Gothenburg, Sweden, 10-15 August 2010). [5] Ku. Pratibha N. Atram, Digital Library Services in the Digital Age. International Journal of Library & Information Science, 6(1), 2017, pp.79–82. [6] S. Vijayakumar and Dr. S. Gopalakrishnan, Effectiveness of Digital Library: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Library & Information Science, 5(3), 2016, pp.119–132.