Implementation of the Nitrate Directive in Turkey (Evci)

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS (MARA)
GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF PROTECTION AND CONTROL
(91/676/EEC) “TÜRKİYE’DE NİTRAT DİREKTİFİNİN UYGULANMASI”
(IMPLEMENTATION OF NITRATE DIRECTIVE IN TURKEY)
Basri EVCİ
Fisheries Engineer,MSc.
October 23-25 2007 - ANKARA

TITLESTITLES
 Nitrates Directive Clauses
 Agricultural Structure in TurkeyAgricultural Structure in Turkey
 Adoption of Nitrates DirectiveAdoption of Nitrates Directive
 Application of Nitrates Directive in Turkey ProjectApplication of Nitrates Directive in Turkey Project
MATRA Project
 Results of the projectResults of the project

Area
(million ha)
% of
Agricultural area
Total Area 66.9
Agricultural Area 21.8
Cereals 15.2 69.9
Vegetables – Flower 0.6 2.7
Permanent crops 2.4 11.0
Fallowing Lands 3.7 17.2
Irrigated Area 5.2 23.9
Natural meadow 14.6
Unused potential areas 1.9
Agricultural Structure

70
3
11
1
9
7
Total area sown
Total area vegetables and
flowers
Total area permanent crops
(perennial)
Total area poplar & willow
Total area unused potentially
productive land
Total area permanent meadow
Country-wide agricultural area use

IRRIGATED AREA IN TURKEY
YIL SULANAN ALAN (1000 ha)
1960 1 319
1970 1 930
1980 2 769
1985 3 407
1990 3 840
1996 4 235
1997 4 461
1998 4 581
1999 4 643
2000 4 709
2001 4 781
2002 4 856
2003 4 921

IRRIGATED AREA IN TURKEY
1960
1970
1980
1985
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
SULANAN
ALAN
(1000 ha)
YILLAR
Irrigated
Area
Years

(Million)
Total Cattle 10.6 < 1 year 2.6
< 2 year 2.9
> 2 year dairy
cattle
4.6
Other cattle 0.5
Total Chicken 297 Broilers 238.1
Egg 58.8
Turkey 5.9
Duck 0.8
Goose 1.3
Total Sheep 25.3 Adults 12.6
Lamb 12.7
Goat 6.6
Donkey 0.3
Mule 0.1
Horse 0.2

PROVINCES ACCORDING TO ANIMAL VOLUME (Top-10)
(Million) (2005 )
Cattle Sheep Goat
PROVINCE number PROVINCE number PROVINCE number
ERZURUM 0.53 VAN 2.4 ANTALYA 0.55
KONYA 0.33 ŞANLIURFA 1.4 MERSIN 0.40
KARS 0.33 AĞRI 1.4 DİYARBAKIR 0.24
AĞRI 0.31 KONYA 1.3 MUŞ 0.22
SAMSUN 0.30 MUŞ 1.2 ADANA 0.20
BALIKESİR 0.29 ERZURUM 0.7 MANİSA 0.19
SİVAS 0.29 BALIKESİR 0.7 İZMİR 0.19
AFYON 0.29 AFYON 0.7 K.MARAŞ 0.17
AYDIN 0.28 DİYARBAKIR 0.7 ŞIRNAK 0.17
İZMİR 0.28 ANKARA 0.6 VAN 0.17

Chicken Turkey
Province Number Province Number
BOLU 86.4 IZMIR 0.64
MERSIN 27.5 MANISA 0.37
BALIKESIR 19.3 BOLU 0.31
SAKARYA 17.2 ESKISEHIR 0.27
DÜZCE 16.2 SANLIURFA 0.18
MANISA 12.9 DIYARBAKIR 0.15
KOCAELI 12.1 MUS 0.11
KONYA 11.6 VAN 0.11
ÇANAKKALE 11.1 KARAMAN 0.11
IZMIR 7.2 K.MARAS 0.08

CHEMICAL FERTILIZER
CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
GÜBRETÜKETİMİ(ton)
YILLAR
Fertilizer consumption vs
years

Province Chemical Province Manure
Adana 239.6 Balıkesir 85.6
Balıkesir 104.3 Bartın 76.0
Edirne 110.6 Bolu 396.4
Hatay 158.4 Düzce 115.5
İzmir 97.6 Erzurum 81.5
Kahramanmaraş 112.9 İzmir 80.3
Niğde 122.2 Kocaeli 89.2
Osmaniye 151.5 Mersin 70.7
Sakarya 184.8 Sakarya 88.7
Tekirdağ 118.0 Tunceli 75.1
Chemical Fertilizer and Manure Consumption per Hectare
Kg nitrogen /ha agricultural field

Hektar başına kimyasal ve hayvansal gübre tüketimi (kg azot/ha tarım alanıHektar başına kimyasal ve hayvansal gübre tüketimi (kg azot/ha tarım alanı..))

Tarım alanı başına düşen hayvan sayısı (hayvan ünitesi/ha tarım alanıTarım alanı başına düşen hayvan sayısı (hayvan ünitesi/ha tarım alanı..))

Hektar başına hayvansal gübre tüketimi (azot hayvansal/ha)Hektar başına hayvansal gübre tüketimi (azot hayvansal/ha)

Clauses of Nitrates Directive
• Determination of Polluted Waters
• Determination of Vulnerable Zones
• Good Agricultural Practices
– For farmers
– For environment
• Preparation of Action Plan
• Monitoring Results and Reporting
• Obeying Clauses of Legislation

ADAPTING NITRATES DIRECTIVEADAPTING NITRATES DIRECTIVE
According to EU legislative alignment; “Protection of Water Against
Agricultural Nitrate Pollution Bylaw” that corresponds to Nitrates
Directive 91/696 EEC, came into force with the Official Gazette dated
February 18,2004 numbered 25377.

Application of Nitrates Directive in Turkey ProjectApplication of Nitrates Directive in Turkey Project
““Application of Nitrates Directive in Turkey Project”, had been preparedApplication of Nitrates Directive in Turkey Project”, had been prepared
in order to assist application of Nitrates Directive, that was financedin order to assist application of Nitrates Directive, that was financed
within MATRA program of Holland Government; launched in Januarywithin MATRA program of Holland Government; launched in January
2005 and finalized in December 2006.2005 and finalized in December 2006.

Results of Application of NitratesResults of Application of Nitrates
Directive in Turkey ProjectDirective in Turkey Project

Nitrate (surface waters / ground waters) monitoring sampling stationsNitrate (surface waters / ground waters) monitoring sampling stations

Average nitrate values for surface waters in 2005-2006Average nitrate values for surface waters in 2005-2006

Max nitrate values for surface waters in 2005-2006Max nitrate values for surface waters in 2005-2006

Average of average nitrate values of surface watersAverage of average nitrate values of surface waters

Average of max nitrate values of surface watersAverage of max nitrate values of surface waters

Nitrate Concentration in surface waters (% station)
Nitrate Concentration (mg/ L)
<2 2-5 5-10 10-25 25-40 40-50 >50
Average % 66.3 23.9 6.1 2.3 1.2 0.0 0.0
Max % 33.4 34.6 15.9 11.9 2.2 0.6 1.4

Average nitrate values of ground waters in 2005-2006Average nitrate values of ground waters in 2005-2006

Max nitrate values of ground waters in 2005-2006Max nitrate values of ground waters in 2005-2006

Average of Max nitrate values for ground waters in 2005-2006Average of Max nitrate values for ground waters in 2005-2006

Ground water concentration in stations (% station)
Nitrate concentration ( mg/L)
<25 25-40 40-50 >50
Average 86.0 7.4 2.6 4.0
Max. 69.0 14.3 4.3 12.4

Application of Nitrates Directive in TurkeyApplication of Nitrates Directive in Turkey
Project DocumentationProject Documentation
• Application Plan Document for Turkey
• Framework Document for Good
Agricultural Practices
• Sampling – Analysis Guide
• Eutrophication Guide

 In consideration of year 2005, Nitrate monitoring has been carried
out in 548 groundwater, 1026 surface water sampling stations.
 The application will take a long time because of the climate diversity
and area variety and wide and different agricultural applications
such as in Turkey.
 Pollution sourced from excess use of chemical fertilizers and
manure is not widespread in national level but the pollution
decreases on specific areas.
Results of Nitrates Directive Application (I)

 Generally, irrigated areas are the potential nitrate
pollution areas,
 There are manure storage – usage problems iin the
areas where intensive cattle and winged animal
stockbreeding exist.
Results of Nitrates Directive Application (II)

Technical Assistance and Twinning Project
• Implementation of Nitrate Directive in Turkey Project which is
capacity strengthening oriented had been accepted in order to
provide application of “Protection of Waters Against Nitrate
Pollution By Law” to be supported by EU Pre Accession
Financial Assistance.

TEŞEKKÜRLER
(THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTİON)

Implementation of the Nitrate Directive in Turkey (Evci)

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Editor's Notes