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Big Wonders of a 
Small World
The biggest 
thing about me 
is being SMALL !
Seeing microscopic world…
But can we see ATOMS?
Richard Feynman 
There is plenty of 
room at the bottom!
Scanning Tunneling Microscope 
IBM Logo
So what’s nanotechnology? 
The science of making useful 
stuff that does work on the 
nanometre length scale.
Kilometers (km) 
Meter (m) 
Centimeter (cm)
Nanometer (nm) 
1 kilometer = 1000 m 
1 meter= 100 cm 
1 meter 
1000000000 
1 nanometer =
Single Hair 
Width = 0.1 mm 
= 100 micrometers 
= 100,000 nanometers ! 
1 nanometer = one billionth (10-9) meter
Nano everywhere… 
Nano car Nano ipod 
Nano= dwarf
Combination of all sciences
Why Nano? 
Very high surface area 
Chemical 
reactivity changes 
Physical 
properties like 
colour changes.
All that glitters… 
Ordinary Gold Nano gold 
• Why? 
– Different thicknesses of materials reflect and absorb 
light differently
History 
Lycurgus Cup 
Stained Glass
Disadvantages 
1. Pollution 
2. Wastage of energy 
How nano particles can be made? 
Top down 
Bottom-Up
Applications of nanotechnology 
In medicine 
Quantum dots for Cancer detection 
Early tumor 
detection, studied in 
mice
Drug Delivery
New Wonder Materials 
Carbon Nanotubes 
High conductivity 
High tensile strength 
compared to steel.
Solar Cells 
Nanotechnology 
Pollution 
Prevention New fabrics
QUESTIONS

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