Interactionism & Music
Measuring entrainment and influence in dyads and groups
Tommi Himberg & Neta Spiro
Traditional view
2
Coupled action-
perception loops
3Hari & Kujala, 2009
Interactionism
• Hanne de Jaegher, Ezequiel di Paolo, Shaun
Gallagher
• “participatory sense-making”
• social interaction plays not just a contextual,
but an enabling or constitutive role in
cognition
4
Leman - guqin
5Leman et al. 2009
Co-confident movement
6Noy et al. 2011
7
Leading & following
Himberg et al. in prep
8
−200 −100 0 100 200
−0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
LAG (frames)
Correlationcoefficient
Cross−correlation − acceleration
P1 leads
P2 leads
Joint leadership
Leading & following
Himberg et al. in prep
Continuous, mutual
adaptation
9Himberg & Thompson, 2010
String quartet
10Timmers et al. 2014
Mutuality in MT
11Spiro & Himberg, 2014
Methods
• study design is the key: study people in
actual interaction; manipulate coupling etc.
• what to measure? study the dynamics of
interaction: windowed analyses, continuous
measures
• influence: Granger causality etc.
12
Conclusions
• interactionism shifts focus from individual
states to interpersonal processes
• what to measure, how to analyse?
• future directions: continuous data,
embodied & enactive approach, updated
theoretical frameworks, automated data
analysis…
13
Interactionism & Music
Measuring entrainment and influence in dyads and groups
Tommi Himberg & Neta Spiro
Thank you!
tommi.himberg@aalto.fi

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