InterMolecular forces lesson ppt physical science

Define the intermolecular forces and each
type of intermolecular forces.
Identify the intermolecular forces between
molecules.
Explain the effects of intermolecular forces
on the properties of substances.

In chemistry, there are always interactions
between atoms and molecules.
1. Intramolecular force.
2. Intermolecular force.

Intramolecular Force
Force that holds atoms
together.
Stronger than
intermolecular force.
Chemical bonds.
Determine chemical
behavior of a
substance.
Ionic, covalent,
metallic bonds.
Intermolecular Force
Attractive forces
between molecules.
Weaker than
intramolecular force.
Attractive forces.
Determine the state of
matter.
Ion-dipole, hydrogen
bonding, dipole-dipole,
London dispersion.

1. London Dispersion.
2. Dipole-dipole.
3. Hydrogen Bonding.
4. Ion-dipole.

Weakest intermolecular forces.
- temporary.
 Attraction between instantaneous dipoles in
a molecule.
Occurs due to instantaneous dipole moments
caused by moving electrons.
Cause substances to condense into liquids.

InterMolecular forces lesson ppt physical science

Dipole – two charges separated by a distance.
Arises due to the uneven distribution of electrons.
A result of molecules with positive end in one side
and negative end on the other side.
 They are much weaker than ionic or covalent
bonds.
-only touching or almost touching.

Only form between hydrogen atoms
covalently bonded to an oxygen, nitrogen, or
florine atom.
Linked molecules have high boiling point.
Weaker than ionic and covalent bonds.
A large number of these bonds can exert a
strong force.

Is an attractive force between Ionic molecules and
polar molecules.
The cation or the positive ion attracts the negative
end of a neutral polar molecule.
Stronger than the dipole-dipole forces.
Weaker than the interamolecular ionic and
covelent bond.

Sodium Chloride
(NaCl) Disolve in
Water H2O

Boiling and melting point.
- compounds in hydrogen bonding melt
and boil in higher temperatures.
Compound Intermolecular Force Melting Boiling Point
CH4 London dispersion
force
-182 C -164 C
HCl Dipole-dipole -115 C -85 C
H2O Hydrogen bonding 0 C 100 C

Surface tension.
-enegy required to increase the surface
area.
-liquids with stronger intermolecualr
forces tend to have higher surface tension
than those with weaker intermolecular forces.

As the intermolecular attraction increases,
the vapor pressure decreases.
As the intermolecular attraction increases,
viscosity increases.

InterMolecular forces lesson ppt physical science

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InterMolecular forces lesson ppt physical science