Intervention Mapping Approach
- 1. Overview ofOverview of Intervention MappingIntervention Mapping Gerjo KokGerjo Kok July 4, 2016July 4, 2016 Summer Course MaastrichtSummer Course Maastricht
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- 3. Overview The development of Intervention Mapping was stimulated by questions that could not be answered from available health education and health promotion resources. 3 ?
- 4. How and When to Use... ? Intervention Mapping was developed to address questions about how and when to use... •Theory •Empirical findings from the literature •Data collected from a population ... to create an effective behavior or systems change intervention. 4
- 5. 5 Society Community Organization Interpersonal Individual An Ecological Approach to Planning
- 6. •How to address changing the behavior of people in the environment (i.e., people who are not at risk for the health problem, but are important to changing conditions that affect those at risk)? •How to address the complexity of multi- causation of problems and multi-level intervention points? 6 An Ecological Approach to Planning
- 7. What Is Intervention Mapping? • A systematic approach to program development, implementation, and evaluation • It provides a framework for decision-making at each step • Theory • Empirical evidence • Community input (important for cultural relevance) • Uses an ecological approach
- 8. Participation in Health Promotion Planning Equitable community participation •Ensures that program focus reflects community concerns •Brings greater breadth of skills, knowledge, and expertise •Improves external validity 8
- 9. Intervention Mapping Steps 1. Logic model of the problem 2. Program outcomes and objectives (logic model of change) 3. Program design 4. Program production 5. Program implementation plan 6. Evaluation plan 9
- 10. Step 1: Needs Assessment 1. Establish and work with a planning group 2. Conduct a needs assessment to create a logic model of the problem 3. Describe the intervention context, including the population, setting, and community 4. State program goals 10
- 11. Logic Model of the Problem 11 Figure 1.2 Health Problems: What is the priority health problem(s) in the population or subgroup? Behaviors: What behaviors increase risk, incidence, prevalence, and burden? Quality of Life: What is the impact of the health problem(s) on quality of life? Personal Determinants: What theory- and evidence-based factors are causally related to the behavior(s)? Phase 4 Determinants Phase 3 Behavior (At-risk group) and Environmental Factors Phase 2 Health Problems Phase 1 Quality of Life Personal Determinants: What theory-and evidence-based factors are causally related to the behavior of agents in the environment who control the environmental factor(s)? Environment: What interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal factors influence health directly or through influence on the behavior of the at-risk group?
- 12. Step 2: Program Outcomes and Objectives Logic Model of Change 1. State expected outcomes for behavior and environment 2. Specify performance objectives for behavioral and environmental outcomes 3. Select determinants for behavioral and environmental outcomes 4. Construct matrices of change objectives 5. Create a logic model of change 12
- 13. Create Matrices of Change Objectives 13
- 14. Examples of Cells from a Simulated Matrix: Consistently and Correctly Using Condoms During Sexual Intercourse Determinants Performance Objectives Knowledge Perceived Susceptibility Self-Efficacy 1. Buy a condom • Identify places • List condom types • State personal risk for HIV, STI, and pregnancy if have sex without a condom • Feel confident about buying a condom 2. Carry condoms • List different ways to carry condoms • Perceive that not carrying a condom increases risk • Feel confident about carrying condoms 3. Use condom correctly • List 10 steps for correct condom use • State risk of HIV, STI, and pregnancy increases if condom is not used correctly • Feel confident about using condoms correctly 14
- 15. Logic Model of Change Figure 1.3 Change Objectives: (Personal Determinants x Performance Objectives) What theory- and evidence- based changes are expected to affect the behavioral outcome(s)? Environmental Outcomes: What is intended to change in order to produce the desired health outcomes? Behavioral Outcome: What is intended to change in order to produce the desired health outcomes? Environmental Agent At-risk Group Change Objectives: (Personal Determinants x Performance Objectives) What theory- and evidence- based changes are expected to affect the environmental outcome(s)? Health Problems: What changes should the intervention produce in the health problem(s)? Quality of Life: What changes should the intervention produce in the quality-of-life issues related to the health problem(s)?
- 16. Step 3: Program Design 1. Generate program themes, components, scope, and sequence 2. Choose theory- and evidence-based change methods 3. Select or design practical applications to deliver change methods 16
- 17. Step 4: Program Production 1. Refine program structure and organization 2. Prepare plans for program materials 3. Draft messages, materials, and protocols 4. Pretest program materials and protocols 17
- 18. Step 5: Program Implementation Plan 1. Identify potential uses (adopters, implementers, and maintainers) 2. State outcomes and performance objectives for program use 3. Construct matrices of change objective for program use 4. Design implementation interventions 18
- 19. Step 6: Evaluation Plan 1. Write effect and process evaluation questions 2. Develop indicators and measures for assessment 3. Specify the evaluation design 4. Complete the evaluation plan 19
- 20. Intervention Logic Model 20 Figure 9.1
- 21. Core Processes • Pose questions • Brainstorm potential answers to the questions • Review findings from the empirical literature for theory- and evidence- based answers to questions • Review theories for additional constructs • Assess and address need for new data • Formulate a working list of answers 21
- 22. Important Repeating Concepts • Formulation of matrices is a foundation for intervention planning • Planning is an iterative process • Use of logic models • Need to create culturally relevant programs • Program evaluation 22
- 23. Summary • Intervention Mapping provides a systematic framework for effective decision making at each step of intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation • Intervention Mapping has been used to develop programs worldwide
Editor's Notes
- #6: What do the agents in the environment need to do to make the environmental change?