Intro to CNC Control System

INTRODUCTION
TO CNC CONTROL
SYSTEMS
www.bpautomation.com

CNC: COMPUTRIZED
NUMERICAL CONTROL
COMPUTRE + NUMERICAL
CONTROL

10%
Simply put, CNC machines are programmed and controlled to carry
out the following actions:
Positioning a tool in different axes
Motion-relative velocity of tool with respect to work piece
Switching function, for example, direction of rotation of spindle,
CNC systems use motor drives to control both the position and the
velocity of the machine axes.
The open-loop system and the closed-loop system are two ways to
activate the servo drivers.
WHAT IS A CNC CONTROL SYSTEM?

A CNC system consists of the following major elements:
Input device
Machine control unit (MCU)
Machine tool
Driving system
Feedback devices
Display unit
ELEMENTS OF A CNC SYSTEM?

Point to Point control-it is purely for
positioning of the tool at programmed points:
drilling, tapping, boring operations
CLASSIFICATION OF CNC CONTROLS
Based on the nature of motion and positioning, we
can classify CNC controls into the following category:
Continuous path control - there is a functional
relationship between individual coordinate
axes: 2, 3, 5 axes.

Open-loop CNC system
Open loop- Programmed instructions are fed into the controller through an
input device. These instructions are then converted to electrical pulses
(signals) by the controller and sent to the servo amplifier to energize the
servo motors.
OPEN-LOOP AND CLOSED-LOOP
Closed-loop CNC system
The closed-loop system has a feedback subsystem to monitor the actual
output and correct any discrepancy from the programmed input. There are
very powerful and accurate as they acan monitor operating conditions
through feedback subsystems and automatically compensating for any
variations in real-time

ADVANTAGES
CNC machines offer following
advantages:
Reduced production cost
Improved product quality
Enhanced productivity
Greater flexibility
Better planning and contro

APPLICATIONS
Metal
Cutting
Routing
Handling
Welding Hobbing
Grinding

WHY
CNC MACHINING
IMPORTANT?
Machining components with high Repeatability and Precision
Unmanned machining operations
To improve production planning and to increase productivity
To survive in global market CNC machines are must to achieve close tolerances.

• Conventional machine have 2 axes, known
as X & Y axis.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CNC MACHINES TOOLS
AND CONVENTIONAL MACHINE TOOLS
• The slide ways, guide and spindles of the CNC
machine all look over proportioned
• The slide ways on a conventional machine
operate under the conditions of
sliding friction
• Rolling friction can be used instead of sliding
friction, where re-circulating roller bearings
are positioned under the slide ways.
• The lead screws are usually of the Acme
thread form, which are inefficient due to
the high frictional resistance between
the flanks of the screw and the nut.
There is also backlash, because of the
clearance between the screw and the nu
• A recirculating ball lead screw, where both
the lead screw and the nut have a precision
ground radiused shaped thread. The space or
track between the lead screw and nut is filled
with an endless stream or ball bearings.

WE ARE BP AUTOMATION

BP Automation is a proven leader in the
analysis, design and manufacturing of
custom machines and engineered solutions.
We pride ourselves on tackling complex
manufacturing problems. We offer unique
ability to tailor our services to the needs of
each individual client.
WHAT WE DO

Phone: 1-888-997-3227
780-448-9338
CONTACT US
Email: info@bpautomation.com
Website: www.bpautomation.com

Thank you

Intro to CNC Control System

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Intro to CNC Control System