Intro to microprocessor and its detailing and applications
- 1. Introduction to Microprocessor Block diagram of a computer system Basic components of a computer system using block diagrams: Cpu Memory Input and output unit Evolution of microprocessor : 4,8,16,32 dan 64 byte Nibble, byte, word dan longword Fecthing and execution cycles. Internal structure and basic operation of a microprocessor (arithmetic and logic unit, control unit, register sets, accumulator, condition code register, program counter, stack pointer) Bus system: data bus, address bus and control bus. Microprocessor clock system Examples of microprocessor: 8085, 8086. 1
- 2. Introduction A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data//information, and provides output in a useful format.
- 3. DIAGRAM OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data//information, and provides output in a useful format. 3 Diagram Of a Computer System
- 4. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A BASIC COMPUTER SYSTEM ROM RAM I/O interface I/O devices CPU 4 Basic computer system consist of a Central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM and ROM), input/output (I/O) unit. Block diagram of a basic computer system Address bus Data bus Control bus
- 5. Basic component of microcomputer 1.CPU - Central Processing Unit the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. It is the unit that reads and executes program instructions. The data in the instruction tells the processor what to do. 5 Pentium D dual core processors
- 6. 2. Memory Physical devices used to store data or programs (sequences of instructions) on a temporary or permanent basis for use in an electronic digital computer. Computer main memory comes in two principal varieties: random- access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). RAM can be read and written to anytime the CPU commands it, but ROM is pre-loaded with data and software that never changes, so the CPU can only read from it. ROM is typically used to store the computer's initial start-up instructions. In general, the contents of RAM are erased when the power to the computer is turned off, but ROM retains its data indefinitely. In a PC, the ROM contains a specialized program called the BIOS that orchestrates loading the computer's operating system from the hard disk drive into RAM whenever the computer is turned on or reset. 6
- 7. 3. I/O Unit Input/output (I/O), refers to the communication between an information processing system (such as a computer), and the outside world possibly a human, or another information processing system. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system, and outputs are the signals or data sent from it Devices that provide input or output to the computer are called peripherals On a typical personal computer, peripherals include input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disc drives serve as both input and output devices. Computer networking is another form of I/O. 7
- 9. DATA SIZE Nibble 4 bit Byte 8 bit Word 16 bit Long word 32 bit 9