Intro to wind energy
- 1. Wind Energy and Factors for Installing Wind Power Plant Submitted by: Mohit Goyal (14B00173)Mentored by: Dr. Ajoy Das
- 2. Definition • Wind has K.E which can be extracted to produce electrical energy.
- 3. Global Data
- 4. Global Data
- 7. Comparison of wind v/s nuclear • Installing a nuclear power plant is more complex than wind power plant. • Power generation in nuclear is much more than wind power plant. • Nuclear power plant has an exposure to lot of Thermal cycles while wind plant has mechanical stress. • Installing a nuclear power plant is much more costly than wind power plant. • For similar amount of energy production wind power plant consume more land than nuclear power plant.
- 8. Comparison of Wind V/s Solar • Solar have very less moving parts when compare to wind power unit. • Wind need more maintenance when compared to solar. • Solar can be easily installed anywhere even at our roof top easily but wind power system need to be installed at least above 30 feet which is not possible in urban areas. • Wind can even generate energy in night while solar can’t • Wind produce noise when compared with solar. Source: GWEC
- 9. WIND PROFILE
- 12. Wind velocity with height
- 13. Wind behavior
- 14. Wind measuring Instrument • Anemometer • SODAR • LIDAR SODAR AnemometerLIDAR
- 17. Cost
- 18. Components of Cost • Cost of Capital: Cost of money needed to build the wind farm • Annual Energy Production (AEP) • Revenue Generated. • Annual Maintenance cost.
- 19. Different Tools for Wind Energy Economics • Simple Payback Time (SPT): Capital investment/ (Annual Revenue – Cost) • Net Present Value (NPV): NPV is the sum of the cash flows in today’s money minus the original investment • • Levelised Cost of Energy: cost per MWh that can be used for comparison
- 21. Different ways of Energy extraction • Rotating Lift based machine • Rotating drag based machine • Flying Lift based machine • Machine using Flow induced vibration
- 22. Betz Limit on efficiency
- 30. Calculation
- 31. Air flow in turbine
- 36. Forces on Rotor Blade Thrust Gravity
- 38. Stress in different region
- 41. Classification of Generation capacity on Grid: • Base Load Generators: supply energy to cover the base load. Base load is the minimum amount of hourly energy consumption across the entire grid on any day. • Spinning Reserves: Running at low capacity all the time and can react very quickly to increase in demand. • Non Spinning Reserves: is the extra generating capacity that is not currently connected to the system but can be brought online after a short delay.
- 43. Electrical System components from generator to transformer at the base of the tower.
- 44. Layout of Wind Power Plant
- 45. Electrical System Electrical diagram of a wind farm
- 48. Types of wind energy system • Wind electric system connected to Grid (without need of storage) • Standalone Electric system (with energy storage)
- 50. Control system Source: Book Wind Energy Engineering
- 51. Wind Power Plant Control Architecture
- 52. Installed Wind of India Capacity (till 2016) Source: Wikipidea
- 53. Wind MAP
- 54. Electricity Demand (2015-2016) Source: LGBR 2016
- 55. Electricity Demand Source: LGBR 2016
- 56. Wind Energy Potential District Anantapur 01 Kurnool 02 Nellore 03 Kadapa 04 Visakhapatnam 05
- 57. Reason for selecting Visakhapatnam Most dense district in the state. 01 Maximum Energy requirement in state. 02 Good Wind energy source. 03 Need for renewable energy sources 04
- 58. Data Analysis
- 59. Wind Data Source: Wind finder
- 60. General Power Curve Source: Gamesa
- 61. Analysis of wind speed We have analysed the data and came to following conclusion that : • There is adequate wind source in this region. • Wind speed is relatively low in winter during December- January. • There is change in wind direction with time but it can be controlled by Yaw controlling mechanism in “Wind Turbine”
- 62. Other Data Capacity factor = To be calculated after 1 yr. of Installation 1 Density of air = 1.22 Kg/m^3 2 Roughness Length = 1 3 Power coefficient of wind turbine used = 0.42 4
- 63. Installation capacity estimation of wind farm
- 64. Energy requirement data (2016-17) State Demand(MU) Available(Mu) surplus/deficit(Mu,%) Req.(MW) Available(MW) Surplus/deficit(Mw,%) Source: LGBR 2016
- 65. Energy Requirement (2016) source : Wikipedia
- 66. Data of Visakhapatnam District • Total Population = 2035922 • Per Capita Utilization= 1040 KWH • Total Estimated Consumption= 2117.35 MU • Total Estimated Energy Requirement > 3000 MU • Approximate Energy needed to be added > 900 MU • Total Capacity of wind turbine = 100MW
- 67. Category of wind turbine to be installed. • HAWT : Since we need these turbines for fulfilling electricity requirement so instead of vertical we choose horizontal which has relatively less drag force, more efficiency, accessible to wind energy at high altitude. • 3 Blade wind turbine is used since it is mostly used in India to extract energy for electricity demand fulfilment. • General Rotor dia.= 85m to 90m • 2000KW Wind turbine • Total Wind Turbine to be Installed = 100/2= 50 Wind turbines.
- 68. Transmission Plan • Asynchronous generator will be and AC to DC Converter will not be used since distance of transmission is not very much around 25- 30 km. • Power from wind turbine generator will be of around 600-700v. • Extracted AC output will be further step up to around 33KV. • Then that 33KV voltage will be sent to Sub station. • From substation electricity will be further supplied to Grid by stepping up the voltage to around 150-200KV
- 69. Wind Turbine Manufacturer in India
- 70. Conclusion • The potential of wind power generation is immense, a historical source of energy, wind can be used both as a source of electricity and for irrigation and agricultural uses. • Wind energy installation in a short term will increase household electricity bill but in a long term it is beneficial for us being a sustainable source. • Even now there is demand of lot’s of innovation for improving efficiency so that we can maximize energy extaction.
- 71. References • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_India • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betz's_law • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine • http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/113618/science/limitat ions_of_wind_energy.html • https://energy.gov/eere/wind/advantages-and-challenges-wind- energy • https://sites.google.com/a/temple.edu/urbanwind/services/turbine -options-and-specifications
- 72. References • Centre for wind energy Document • DESIGN OF WIND POWER GENERATING STATIONS presented by Tai- Ran Hsu, Professor on October 28, 2009 • Book of Wind Energy Engineering by Pramod Jain • Project report by Greenko Wind Energy PVT. LTD • Made easy renewable energy book • Video lectures on coursera. • Census Data by Govt. of India.