Intro_Ch_01B.pdf
- 1. Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Chapter 1B Looking Inside the Computer System
- 2. 1B-2 Parts of the Computer System • Computer systems have four parts – Hardware – Software – Data – User
- 3. 1B-3 Parts of the Computer System • Hardware – Mechanical devices in the computer – Anything that can be touched • Software – Tell the computer what to do – Also called a program – Thousands of programs exist
- 4. 1B-4 Parts of the Computer System • Data – Pieces of unstructured information – Also called raw facts • Example- Fruits basket having nos. of fruits – Computer organize and present data • Users – People operating the computer – Most important part – Tell the computer what to do • Example- writing code to prepare the calculator in language like C++ etc. • Pass instruction to print the page
- 5. 1B-5 Information Processing Cycle • Steps followed to process data • Input • Processing • Output • Storage
- 6. 1B-6 Essential Computer Hardware • Computers use the same basic hardware • Hardware categorized into four types
- 7. 1B-7 Essential Computer Hardware • Processing devices – Brains of the computer – Carries out instructions from the program – Manipulate the data – Most computers have several processors – Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Processors made of silicon and copper
- 8. 1B-8 Essential Computer Hardware • Memory devices – Stores data or programs – Random Access Memory (RAM) • Volatile – Volatile memory is a type of storage whose contents are erased when the system's power is turned off or interrupted. • Stores current data and programs • More RAM results in a faster system
- 9. 1B-9 Essential Computer Hardware • Memory devices – Read Only Memory (ROM) • Permanent storage of programs • Holds the computer boot directions – non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed.
- 10. 1B-10 • Another example of Rom: • ROM is mostly used for firmware updates. A simple example of ROM is the cartridge used with video game consoles, which allows one system to run multiple games. Note: Types of Rams and Rom's will be Discussed in the upcoming Chapters
- 11. 1B-11
- 12. 1B-12 Essential Computer Hardware • Input and output devices – Allows the user to interact – Input devices accept data • Keyboard, mouse – Output devices deliver data • Monitor, printer, speaker – Some devices are input and output • Touch screens
- 13. 1B-13 Essential Computer Hardware • Storage devices – Hold data and programs permanently – Different from RAM – Magnetic storage • Floppy and hard drive • Uses a magnet to access data – Optical storage • CD and DVD drives • Uses a laser to access data
- 15. 1B-15 Software Runs The Machine • Tells the computer what to do • Reason people purchase computers • Two types – System software (OS, Utility Programs) – Application software
- 16. 1B-16 Software Runs The Machine • System software – Most important software – Operating system • Windows (Different Vesions) – Network operating system (OS) • Windows Server 2003 • Windows server 2016 and up – Utility • Symantec AntiVirus
- 17. 1B-17 Software Runs The Machine • Application software – Accomplishes a specific task – Most common type of software • MS Word • MS Excel • MS Power Point • Outlook (email, calendar, and many more) – Covers most common uses of computers
- 18. 1B-18 Computer data • Fact with no meaning on its own • Stored using the binary number system • Data can be organized into files
- 19. 1B-19 Computer users • Role depends on ability – Setup the system – Install software – Mange files – Maintain the system • “Userless” computers – Run with no user input – Automated systems
- 20. Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Chapter 1B End of Chapter