Introductio1

INTRODUCTION
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It sought to discover the following aspects of problem:
1. The Status of beginning reading instruction in Grade One in the Schools districts
of Loon North and Loon South in the context of :
a. The teachers competency program
b. Supervisory practices
c. Problem in teaching beginning reading
2. The significance degree of similarity in the seriousness of the problem of
teaching beginning reading as perceived by the Grade one teacher and of
combination classes.
3. The concrete measures that could be suggested to improve and enliven
instruction in beginning reading in Grade One so that it would be productive of
better outputs in terms of good, successful and effective readers, thus building a
strong foundation of reading habits, skills and abilities.
IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
Teaching Grade one to read is an enormous task. The becomes even doubly great and
heavy considering the fact that therein lies the pupils‟ success or failure in their school
work in the ensuing years. Moreover, whatever deficiencies the pupils show in the later
grades is always blame on the Grade one teacher, other factors notwithstanding.
Nevertheless, by identifying the weaknesses and the problem that plague such
responsibility and suggesting measures by which the situation could be lessen, it was
hope that burden would be lighter and yet more profitable of results. Herein lays the

Importance of the research.
Furthermore, the study implied that to be able the Grade one student learn to read the
administrators, the parent and the grade one teacher must collaborate to each other to
have more productive of better results.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The Investigation covered all the forty-three Grade One teachers of single grade and
combination classes in the school districts of Loon North and Loon South during the
1989-1990 school year. It delved into their competency profile, instructional practices
and problem in teaching beginning reading.
The constraint that threatened the successful conduct of the study was the indifference
of the subject teachers towards answering the questionnaire for this study of this nature.
However, this was avoided by securing the official sanction of the proper authorities for
the conduct of the study and the assistance of the school heads in encouraging the
subjects to give the research their earnest support and cooperation.

SUMMARY OF REPORT
Statistical tool used
1. Percentage- the degree of the problem in teaching beginning reading
2. Spearman Rank-difference-The degree of similarity in the seriousness of the
problem by the two groups of respondents
Critiquing
It is appropriate to use the percentage statistical tool in the degree in teaching
beginning reading. I also agree to the used of Spearman rank-difference to show the
degree of similarity in the seriousness of the problems as perceived by the two
groups of respondents. The spearman rank-difference determined that there‟s no
significant degree of similarity in the seriousness of the problems in teaching
beginning reading as perceive by the grade one student of single grade and
combination classes.
Recommendation
A. On teachers‟ Competence
1. More well-planned and intensive in-service training program should be provided
to the grade one teachers especially at the start of the school year.
2. Engage themselves in research in their respective fields and keeping abreast
from their studies and researches on the problem work day by day.
A. On Instructional Practices
1. The Grade One teacher should be adequately equipped with the different
forms of teaching aids and devices.
2. Need a systematized appraisal.

B. On Supervisory Practices
1. The School Administrator should realize more concernedly that the work of
the Grade One teachers is most delicate, being formative in nature, more
tiresome, more nerve –racking and more demanding of the teachers‟ patience
and sacrifice.
2. All the needed help and support should be given to the Grade one teacher in
their desire to build a strong foundation in reading.
C. On Problem in Teaching Beginning Reading
1. Relative to the pupil factor
a. Reading readiness test should be given to Grade One enrollees as early
as the first week of the school year, to discover who are ready to read,
who are partially ready and who have no reading readiness at all.
b. She should then group the pupils according to ability-Fast, average and
slow and start where the children are.
c. Conducting Remedial Reading Program so that no pupil would be
promoted to Grade Two who could not really read.
d. The teacher should make all the reading lessons highly interesting and
attractive in order to arouse and hold the pupils‟ interest and attention
2. Relative to the teacher factor
a. The tutorship plan may be adequately applied. This would also take care
of the problem on discipline.
b. The teacher cannot lengthen the reading period unless she extends it to
after class hours. She should apportion his subject matter to “bite size “so

that she would not have to “bite more than what she could thoroughly
chew” no to speak.
3. Relative to the Parent/ Home factor
a. The parent should minimize their children home chores so that the pupils
would have time practicing their acquired reading skills at home as well as
to attend classes regularly.
b. If possible, the parents may be invited to attend remedial reading lessons.
The teacher should then supply the parents with the drill materials so that
they could follow-up the drill at home.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Braeibski, Joseph E. and Helen N. Driscoll, “Early Stert in Reading –Help or
Hindrance.”Parents and Reading.Delaware: IRA, 1971
Verguson ,George A. Statistical Analysis in Psychology and Education. New York: Mc
Graw-Hill Book Company,1976.
Flores, Tomas W. Fundamentals in test and Measurements. Manila: Abiva Publishing
House, 1960
Green Laurence. Parent and Teachers Partners or Rivals?
Great Britain : Novello and Company, Ltd., 1968.

THESIS and DISSERTATION CRITIQUE
ON
THESIS: BEGINNING READING INSTRUCTION IN GRADE I, SCHOOL DISTRICTS OF
LOON NORTH AND LOON SOUTH, SCHOOL YEAR 1989-1990:
AN APPRAISAL SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
DISSERTATION: WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR OF THE CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE
REGION: THEIR CHARACTERISTICS, MOTAVATION AND GAINS
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN
STATISTICS IN EDUCATION
MARIKINA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
GRADUATE PROGRAM
SUBMITTED BY:
MAYCHILOU LOPEZ-FABELLAR
(12:00nn – 3:00pm)
MARCH 16, 2013
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. ERICO M. HABIJAN
Professor

INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem:
1. What is the socio-economic profile of the women entrepreneur in the CAR in
terms of Age, Civil Status, former occupation, and level of Education, number of
dependents, family income and trainings attended?
2. What are the motives of the women in establishing their enterprises?
3. What are the characteristic of the women‟s enterprises in terms of the nature,
entrepreneurial activities and environmental factors?
4. What are the gains derived by the women from entrepreneurship?
5. Are there any relationship of the socio-demographic characteristic, the motives
and characteristic of the enterprises with gains derived by the women?
6. Are there differences in the quality of life of the women entrepreneurs in the past
and in the present?
7. What are the problems encountered by the women entrepreneurs?
Objectives of the Study:
1. Determine the socio-economic profile of the women entrepreneurs of CAR in
terms of Age, civil status, former occupation, level education, number of
dependents, annual family income and training attended.
2. To describe the motives of the women entrepreneurs in establishing their
enterprises by the province.
3. Ascertain the enterprises of the women within some years of operation as to type
of enterprises by province.

4. Examine the gains derived by the women entrepreneurs and find out if they differ
by province.
5. Determine the relationship of the socio-economic characteristics of the women,
their motives and characteristics of the enterprise with the gains of the
entrepreneurship.
6. Find out the difference in the quality of life of the women entrepreneurs in the
past and the present.
7. Determine the problems encountered by the women entrepreneurs of CAR.
Significance of the study:
This study will provide a basis for the other future studies because the result convey the
present scenario in terms of nature, management, productivity and value system ofhe
women entrepreneurs. As such, findings will also serve as the bench work information
for development projects for these groups of women in the region to further harness
their potentials in these socio-economic endeavors.
Scope and Limitation:
The research was concerned with the characteristic, motives of establishing
the enterprises and the gains derived by the women entrepreneur of the cordillera
Administrative Region. This study was considered some personal characteristic as age,
civil status, former occupation, level of Education, Family size, family income and
trainings attended by the women and their motives of establishing their enterprises.
Result of this may not be generalized to all women entrepreneurs in the Philippines.
However, the results hope to the highlighting of the women in micro enterprises in this
region where the culture is quite different from other regions of the country.

SUMMARY OF REPORT
The study was based on Maslow‟s (1970) theory of motivation as cited by Lupdag
(1984) wherein it stated that human behavior is motivated by the satisfaction of
biological needs. The theory postulated that self realization and other higher orders
needs are primary but they can be manifested in behavior only after the defiency needs
are satisfied. The hierarchy of the needs-motives of Maslow are: 1.) physiological, 2.)
security or safety, 3.) Affiliation or acceptance, 4.) Esteem or status and 5.) Self –
actualization.
Statistical Tools Used:
1. Multi –stage random process was used to determine the sampling of
this study.
2. Proportional allocation –this was used to determine the no. of
respondents from each province
3. Structured interview schedule devised –utilized for collecting the data
needed to answer the stated of the objectives of the study
4. Kuder-Richardon instrument reliability test
5. Descriptive statistics
6. Chi-square
Critiquing
I agree with researcher for using Maslow „s Hierarchy of needs, Multi
stage random process, structured interview and Kuder- Richardon instrument
reliability test as Research Instrument and Sampling procedure in profile analysis
and interpretation. The Descriptive statistics employs structured interview schedule

to utilize for collecting the data needed to answer the stated objective of the study.
Chi-square which was used as statistical test to compare the significance difference
in the quality of life of the women entrepreneurs in the past and at the present.
Recommendation
In addition on the above mentioned statistical tools used, Pearson ( r )
should also be used to measure the relationship of the variable in the study.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHICO, L. V. 1987.Creation of Climate for facilitating Technological Innovations in small
Scales Enterprises. Singapore ,Techno net Asia
DELA CRUZ, P.A. 1988 Images of Women in the Philippine Media. Asia Social
Institute.Taguig,Metro Manila;Normine Printing Press
FRANCISCO, J.S. 1990.Studies on women working and living in Poverty. Women‟s
Research and Resources Center,(WRRC),Quezon City: Pressan Press

THESIS CRITIQUE
ON
BEGINNING READING INSTRUCTION IN GRADE I, SCHOOL DISTRICTS OF LOON
NORTH AND LOON SOUTH, SCHOOL YEAR 1989-1990:
AN APPRAISAL SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN
STATISTICS IN EDUCATION
MARIKINA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
GRADUATE PROGRAM
SUBMITTED BY:
MAYCHILOU LOPEZ-FABELLAR
(12:00nn – 3:00pm)
MARCH 16, 2013
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. ERICO M. HABIJAN
Professor

Introductio1

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