Introduction About PHP

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PHP
Introduction

What is PHP ??
PHP is Hyper Text Processor
– Other Names : Personal Home Page, Professional
Home Page
• Is a server side scripting language.
– Capable of generating the HTML pages
• HTML generates the web page with the static text and
images.
• However the need evolved for dynamic web based
application, mostly involving database usage.
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How PHP Works??
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PHP Language Features
• PHP language features such as control structures,
operators, variable types, function declaration,
class/object declaration are almost similar to any
compiled or interpreted language such as C or C++.

PHP Data Types
Three basic data types
– Integer
– Double
– String
• More data types
– Array
– Object
• PHP is an untyped language
– variables type can change on the fly.
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PHP Constants
• ..values that never changes
• Constants are defined in PHP by using the define()
function.
– For e.g.
define(“NCST”, “National Centre for Software Technology”)
• defined() function says whether the constant
exists or not.

PHP Variables
• The variables in PHP are declared by appending the $
sign to the variable name.
– For e.g
$company = “NCST”;
$sum = 10.0;
• variable’s data type is changed by the value that is
assigned to the variable.
• Type casting allows to change the data type explicitly.

PHP Operators
• All the operators such as arithmetic, assignment,
Comparison, and logical operators are similar to the
operators in C and C++.
• In PHP the string concatenation operator is denoted by
‘.’.
– For e.g.
• $name = “My name is”.$myname;

PHP Statements
• IF statement
if (<condition>) {
//php code goes here
}
else {
//php code goes here
}
• Alternative Syntax
if(<condition>) :
//html code goes here
else :
//html code goes here
endif;

PHP Statements (cont.)
• For loop
for($i=0;$i < 10;$++i) {
echo(“the value is :”. $i);
}
– Alternative Syntax
for($i=0;$i < 10;$++i) :
// html code goes here
endfor;
• While loop
• Do-While loop

Arrays
. contains value set
• each element has a value, data stored in the element.
• And has a key by which the element can be referred to

Initializing Arrays
• No of ways to initialize the array.
– For e.g.
• $ncststaff[] = “amrish”;
$ncststaff[] = “murali”;
$ncststaff[] = “narayan”;
• $ncststaff[123] = “amrish”;
$ncststaff[122] = “murali”;
$ncststaff[121] = “narayan”;
• $ncststaff = array (“amrish”, “murali”, “narayan”);
– to change the indices of the array use => operator.
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Accessing the Array Elements
– Array_walk(<arrayname>,<function_name>)
• function_name is the function that is written for every member of
an array.
• For e.g
$ncststaff = array (“amrish”, “murali”, “narayan”);
array_walk ($ncststaff, printstaff);
// function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names) {
echo “<B>$names</B><BR>n”;
}

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Introduction About PHP

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