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Introduction to                    pervasive performance
Pervasive Games
    pervasive entertainment              pervasive play
                          pervasive experience

Mag. Thomas Wagner

Pervasive Entertainment             Fachhochschule Salzburg
Lab Salzburg (PELS)                 University of Applied Sciences
Multimedia Technologies             December | 2010
Pervasive Games | Overview




Overview               Examples
                       Big Urban Games
                       and Pervasive Performances
Determination          LARP
Pervasive              ARGs
Games                  Mixed-Reality Games
   Salen & Zimmerman   Geo-Location Games
   Huizinga            Urban Adventure Games
Pervasive Games        Assassination Games
   Markus Montola      Extraordinary
                       Interfaces for Games
   Jane McGonigal
   Reese Brown
                       Further Reading
Pervasive Games | Determination




Determination
Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive




Pervasive

pervasive, to pervade sth. (engl.)   “This magazine will treat ubiquitous
(durchdringend, durchdringen)        computing and pervasive computing
                                     as synonyms – they mean exactly the
Pervasive is often used as synonym   same thing and will be used inter-
for ubiquitous, but actually these   changeably throughout the magazine.”
terms mean something different       S. Mahadev editor of IEEE’s first issue of
                                     Pervasive Computing in 2002
pervasive -> active
ubiquitous -> passive
Pervasive Games | Determination | Games




Games                                               Huizinga
                                                    play as a free action, outside of the
                                                    ordinary life
Salen and Zimmerman
                                                    just acting “as if”
„A game is a system in which players                has its own timeframe and space
engage in an artificial conflict, defined           there is a “secret” community
by rules, that results in a quantifiable
outcome.“ Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals   Magic Circle and
                                                    Suits, lusoury attitude
Rules: constituative rules, operative
rules, implicit rules
Pervasive Games | Determination | Games



Digital games


“wherever there is thechnology
there are games!”
e.g. Tennis for Two, Spacewar!
Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games




Pervasive Games

                                               social
IPerG                                          expansion
„Pervasive game is a game that has one                                temporal
or more salient features that expand                                  expansion
the contractual magic circle of play
socially, spatially or temporally.“
Pervasive Games: Theory and Design



                                                                     spatial
                                                                     expansion
Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games



McGonigal
This might be a game: ubiquitous play and performance
at the turn of the twenty-first century


ubicomp games > colonization
pervasive games > distraction
ubiquitous games > activation
Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games



Brown
(technological view)
Pervasive Games Are Not A Genre! They are a sub-genre.


ubiquitous computing games
pervasive games
big games
Pervasive Games | Examples




Examples
Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games




Big Urban Games and
Pervasive Performances
“All Game Play is Performance”


e.g. Radio Ballett, Improv Everywhere,
Flash Mobs, The New Games
Movement, The Big Urban Game,
PacManhatten ...
between intervention and
large-scale public gaming
Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games




Radio Ballet
LIGNA, 2002/03
art projekt, public intervention;
local radio transmission and small/
pocket radios;
Exercise in lingering not according
to the rules.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qI3pfa5QNZI&feature=player_embedded
Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games




BUG Big Urban Game
Frank Lantz et.al. , 2003
large scale game project;
web-based voting > vulonteers move
the inflatable game pieces;
race between three teams, each
move a 25-foot high inflatable game
piece through a series of Twin Cities’
checkpoints in the shortest amount
of time
http://www.decisionproblem.com/bug/bug2.html
Pervasive Games | Examples | LARP




Life Action Roleplay
(LARP)
“Slip into a role,
but not just on the paper.”



e.g. Medival, Fantasy or Vamipre LARP
Games, Prosopopeia Bardo 1 & 2
Pervasive Games | Examples | LARP




Prosopopeia Bardo 2
„Momentum“
IPerG (SICS, The Interactive
Institue, University of Tampere,
Company P) 2006
a pervasive long-time larp staged in Sweden
in 2006. 30 participants took on characters as
dead revolutionaries re-entering our world,
this time to save their own from oblivion. The
larp used a host of technology installations,
mobile equipment, and an advanced system
for game mastering to enable the game to be
ongoing around the clock for 34 days.of time

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3B8XFRrhack&feature=player_embedded
Pervasive Games | Examples | ARGs




Alternate Reality Games
(ARGs)
“When reality und fiction overlap!”



e.g. The Beast, I love bees,
Majestic, Secrets of Copenhagen,
Perplex City, ...
Pervasive Games | Examples | ARGs




I love bees
42entertainment, 2004
Based on the Halo fiction, ilovebees
was an original radio drama that
was deconstructed and delivered to
consumers over an unlikely broadcast
medium: ringing payphones. ilovebees
was a giant multi-player, multi-platform
story, immersing players in the world of
Halo2 in the four months leading up to
the title’s record shattering launch.


http://www.ilovebees.com/
http://www.42entertainment.com/bees.html
Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games




Mixed-Reality Games
“Improve Reality!”


e.g. AR Quake, Epidemic Menace,
DEMOR, ...
... in a very different form ...
artvertiser, wikitude, layar or WARA


(http://selectparks.net/~julian/theartvertiser/, Julian Oliver @ selectparks)
Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games




AR Quake
Wearable Computer Lab,
University of South Australia,
2002-06

ARQuake is an Augmented Reality
(AR) version of the popular Quake
game. Augmented reality is the
overlaying of computer generated
information onto the real world.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNYfkxqiB6g&feature=player_embedded
Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games




DEMOR
Students of the Hoogeschool
voor de Kunsten Utrecht, 2006


egoshooter for the blind;
defined public space;
3D sound environment;
location-based, pointing/aiming
and shooting
Pervasive Games | Examples | Urban Adventure Games




Urban Adventure
Games
“Interactive city guide or
exceptional storytelling?”


e.g. ReXplorer, Faust, Uncle Roy all
around You, Rider Spoke
Pervasive Games | Examples | Adventure Games




ReXplorer
Media Computing Group –
RWTH Aachen, ETH Zürich –
Dept. of Architecture, 2006


location-based mobile game;
defined public space;
audio for storytelling
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuefBtnQGWg
Pervasive Games | Examples | Adventure Games




Uncle Roy all
Around You
Blast Theory, 2003


location-based mobile game with
street palyer and online player, who
collaborate in their search for uncle
roy; defined public space;
audio for storytelling

http://vimeo.com/7182676
Pervasive Games | Examples | Geo-Location Games




Geo-Location Games
“Play everywhere!”


e.g. GeoCaching, Mogi Mogi,
Insectopia, ...
question about absolute or
relative positioning
Pervasive Games | Examples | Assassination Games




Assassination/Action
Games
“Shot, shot ... your dead?”



e.g. Killer: The Game of
Assassination, Paintball,
BotFighter, ...
Pervasive Games | Examples | Extraordinary Interfaces




Extraordinary
Interfaces for Games
“new ideas, new interfaces for
exceptional gameplay”


e.g. Brainball, PainStation, Barcode
Battler/Warrior, Nexus duo-device,
WARA, Abgestürzt! ...
Pervasive Games | Further Reading




Further Reading
Pervasive Games, Theory and Design
Experiences on the Boundary Between Life and Play
M. Montola, J. Stenros, A. Waern
(FH Bibliothek)
Rules of Play, Game Design Fundamentals
K. Salen, E. Zimmerman
(+ The Game Design Reader)
Space Time Play, Computer Games,
Architecture and Urbanism: The next Level
F. v. Borries, S. P. Walz and M. Böttger

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Introduction pervasive game

  • 1. Introduction to pervasive performance Pervasive Games pervasive entertainment pervasive play pervasive experience Mag. Thomas Wagner Pervasive Entertainment Fachhochschule Salzburg Lab Salzburg (PELS) University of Applied Sciences Multimedia Technologies December | 2010
  • 2. Pervasive Games | Overview Overview Examples Big Urban Games and Pervasive Performances Determination LARP Pervasive ARGs Games Mixed-Reality Games Salen & Zimmerman Geo-Location Games Huizinga Urban Adventure Games Pervasive Games Assassination Games Markus Montola Extraordinary Interfaces for Games Jane McGonigal Reese Brown Further Reading
  • 3. Pervasive Games | Determination Determination
  • 4. Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Pervasive pervasive, to pervade sth. (engl.) “This magazine will treat ubiquitous (durchdringend, durchdringen) computing and pervasive computing as synonyms – they mean exactly the Pervasive is often used as synonym same thing and will be used inter- for ubiquitous, but actually these changeably throughout the magazine.” terms mean something different S. Mahadev editor of IEEE’s first issue of Pervasive Computing in 2002 pervasive -> active ubiquitous -> passive
  • 5. Pervasive Games | Determination | Games Games Huizinga play as a free action, outside of the ordinary life Salen and Zimmerman just acting “as if” „A game is a system in which players has its own timeframe and space engage in an artificial conflict, defined there is a “secret” community by rules, that results in a quantifiable outcome.“ Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals Magic Circle and Suits, lusoury attitude Rules: constituative rules, operative rules, implicit rules
  • 6. Pervasive Games | Determination | Games Digital games “wherever there is thechnology there are games!” e.g. Tennis for Two, Spacewar!
  • 7. Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games Pervasive Games social IPerG expansion „Pervasive game is a game that has one temporal or more salient features that expand expansion the contractual magic circle of play socially, spatially or temporally.“ Pervasive Games: Theory and Design spatial expansion
  • 8. Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games McGonigal This might be a game: ubiquitous play and performance at the turn of the twenty-first century ubicomp games > colonization pervasive games > distraction ubiquitous games > activation
  • 9. Pervasive Games | Determination | Pervasive Games Brown (technological view) Pervasive Games Are Not A Genre! They are a sub-genre. ubiquitous computing games pervasive games big games
  • 10. Pervasive Games | Examples Examples
  • 11. Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games Big Urban Games and Pervasive Performances “All Game Play is Performance” e.g. Radio Ballett, Improv Everywhere, Flash Mobs, The New Games Movement, The Big Urban Game, PacManhatten ... between intervention and large-scale public gaming
  • 12. Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games Radio Ballet LIGNA, 2002/03 art projekt, public intervention; local radio transmission and small/ pocket radios; Exercise in lingering not according to the rules. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qI3pfa5QNZI&feature=player_embedded
  • 13. Pervasive Games | Examples | Big Urban Games BUG Big Urban Game Frank Lantz et.al. , 2003 large scale game project; web-based voting > vulonteers move the inflatable game pieces; race between three teams, each move a 25-foot high inflatable game piece through a series of Twin Cities’ checkpoints in the shortest amount of time http://www.decisionproblem.com/bug/bug2.html
  • 14. Pervasive Games | Examples | LARP Life Action Roleplay (LARP) “Slip into a role, but not just on the paper.” e.g. Medival, Fantasy or Vamipre LARP Games, Prosopopeia Bardo 1 & 2
  • 15. Pervasive Games | Examples | LARP Prosopopeia Bardo 2 „Momentum“ IPerG (SICS, The Interactive Institue, University of Tampere, Company P) 2006 a pervasive long-time larp staged in Sweden in 2006. 30 participants took on characters as dead revolutionaries re-entering our world, this time to save their own from oblivion. The larp used a host of technology installations, mobile equipment, and an advanced system for game mastering to enable the game to be ongoing around the clock for 34 days.of time http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3B8XFRrhack&feature=player_embedded
  • 16. Pervasive Games | Examples | ARGs Alternate Reality Games (ARGs) “When reality und fiction overlap!” e.g. The Beast, I love bees, Majestic, Secrets of Copenhagen, Perplex City, ...
  • 17. Pervasive Games | Examples | ARGs I love bees 42entertainment, 2004 Based on the Halo fiction, ilovebees was an original radio drama that was deconstructed and delivered to consumers over an unlikely broadcast medium: ringing payphones. ilovebees was a giant multi-player, multi-platform story, immersing players in the world of Halo2 in the four months leading up to the title’s record shattering launch. http://www.ilovebees.com/ http://www.42entertainment.com/bees.html
  • 18. Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games Mixed-Reality Games “Improve Reality!” e.g. AR Quake, Epidemic Menace, DEMOR, ... ... in a very different form ... artvertiser, wikitude, layar or WARA (http://selectparks.net/~julian/theartvertiser/, Julian Oliver @ selectparks)
  • 19. Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games AR Quake Wearable Computer Lab, University of South Australia, 2002-06 ARQuake is an Augmented Reality (AR) version of the popular Quake game. Augmented reality is the overlaying of computer generated information onto the real world. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNYfkxqiB6g&feature=player_embedded
  • 20. Pervasive Games | Examples | Mixed-Reality Games DEMOR Students of the Hoogeschool voor de Kunsten Utrecht, 2006 egoshooter for the blind; defined public space; 3D sound environment; location-based, pointing/aiming and shooting
  • 21. Pervasive Games | Examples | Urban Adventure Games Urban Adventure Games “Interactive city guide or exceptional storytelling?” e.g. ReXplorer, Faust, Uncle Roy all around You, Rider Spoke
  • 22. Pervasive Games | Examples | Adventure Games ReXplorer Media Computing Group – RWTH Aachen, ETH Zürich – Dept. of Architecture, 2006 location-based mobile game; defined public space; audio for storytelling http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuefBtnQGWg
  • 23. Pervasive Games | Examples | Adventure Games Uncle Roy all Around You Blast Theory, 2003 location-based mobile game with street palyer and online player, who collaborate in their search for uncle roy; defined public space; audio for storytelling http://vimeo.com/7182676
  • 24. Pervasive Games | Examples | Geo-Location Games Geo-Location Games “Play everywhere!” e.g. GeoCaching, Mogi Mogi, Insectopia, ... question about absolute or relative positioning
  • 25. Pervasive Games | Examples | Assassination Games Assassination/Action Games “Shot, shot ... your dead?” e.g. Killer: The Game of Assassination, Paintball, BotFighter, ...
  • 26. Pervasive Games | Examples | Extraordinary Interfaces Extraordinary Interfaces for Games “new ideas, new interfaces for exceptional gameplay” e.g. Brainball, PainStation, Barcode Battler/Warrior, Nexus duo-device, WARA, Abgestürzt! ...
  • 27. Pervasive Games | Further Reading Further Reading Pervasive Games, Theory and Design Experiences on the Boundary Between Life and Play M. Montola, J. Stenros, A. Waern (FH Bibliothek) Rules of Play, Game Design Fundamentals K. Salen, E. Zimmerman (+ The Game Design Reader) Space Time Play, Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism: The next Level F. v. Borries, S. P. Walz and M. Böttger