Introduction to ceh
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This document provides an introduction to certified ethical hacking (CEH). It explains that CEHs locate and repair security vulnerabilities to prevent exploitation by hackers. The document then outlines the typical steps for a penetration test: preparation, footprinting, enumeration and fingerprinting, identifying vulnerabilities, attacking by exploiting vulnerabilities, covering tracks, and reporting. It provides details on techniques used at each step like port scanning, banner grabbing, brute force password attacks, and using tools like Nmap and Metasploit. The document concludes with an overview of additional important hacking techniques like social engineering, denial of service attacks, and cryptography.
Introduction to ceh
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO CEH PRESENTED BY:HEMANT MITAL
- 2. WHY SHOULD WE KNOW ABOUT CEH? • In this Tech-savvy world of 21st Century every one is engaged with internet, through whatsapp , twitter, facebook , net-banking & lots of other platforms are there. • And some criminal minded persons commit crimes here, which is included under cyber-crime. • We should be aware about crimes happening around in the cyber-space, so we can protect ourselves.
- 3. WHAT A CEH DO? • A CEH is hired to locate and repair application and system security vulnerabilities to preempt exploitations by black hat hackers and others with potentially illegal intentions. •Ethical hackers employ the same tools and techniques as the intruders.
- 4. EXAMPLES OF CYBER CRIME
- 5. STEPS FOR PEN TESTING 1. Preparation 2. Footprinting 3. Enumeration & Fingerprinting 4. Identification of Vulnerabilities 5. Attack – Exploit the Vulnerabilities 6. Cover tracks
- 6. PREPARATION • Identification of Targets – company websites, mail servers, extranets, etc. • Signing of Contract • Agreement on protection against any legal issues • Contracts to clearly specifies the limits and dangers of the test • Specifics on Denial of Service Tests, Social Engineering, etc. • Time window for Attacks • Total time for the testing • Prior Knowledge of the systems • Key people who are made aware of the testing
- 7. FOOTPRINTING Collecting as much information about the target •DNS Servers •IP Ranges •Administrative Contacts •Problems revealed by administrators Information Sources •Search engines •Forums •Tools – PING, whois, Traceroute, nslookup,
- 8. ENUMERATION & FINGERPRINTING • Specific targets determined • Identification of Services / open ports • Operating System Enumeration • Methods • Banner grabbing • Responses to various protocol (ICMP &TCP) commands • Port / Service Scans – TCP Connect, TCP SYN, TCP FIN, etc. • Tools • Nmap, tcpdump, ssh, telnet
- 9. IDENTIFICATION OF VULNERABILITIES Vulnerabilities •Insecure Configuration •Weak passwords •Unpatched vulnerabilities in services, Operating systems, applications •Possible Vulnerabilities in Services, Operating Systems •Insecure programming •Weak Access Control
- 10. IDENTIFICATION OF VULNERABILITIES Methods •Unpatched / Possible Vulnerabilities – Tools, Vulnerability information Websites •Weak Passwords – Default Passwords, Brute force, Social Engineering, Listening to Traffic •Insecure Programming – SQL Injection, Listening to Traffic •Weak Access Control – Using the Application Logic, SQL Injection
- 11. ATTACK – EXPLOIT THE VULNERABILITIES • Obtain as much information (trophies) from the Target Asset • Gaining Normal Access • Escalation of privileges • Obtaining access to other connected systems • Last Ditch Effort – Denial of Service
- 12. ATTACK – EXPLOIT THE VULNERABILITIES • Network Infrastructure Attacks • Connecting to the network through modem • Weaknesses in TCP / IP, NetBIOS • Flooding the network to cause DOS • Operating System Attacks • Application Specific Attacks • Exploiting implementations of HTTP, SMTP protocols
- 13. ATTACK – EXPLOIT THE VULNERABILITIES • Gaining access to application Databases • SQL Injection • Spamming Exploits • Free exploits from Hacker Websites • Customised free exploits • Internally Developed • Tools – Nessus, Metasploit Framework
- 14. REPORTING Methodology •Exploited Conditions & Vulnerabilities that could not be exploited •Proof for Exploits - Trophies •Practical Security solutions
- 15. OTHER IMPORTANT TECHNICES • Social Engineering • Denial of Service • Session Hijacking • SQL Injection • IDS, Firewalls and Honeypots
- 16. OTHER IMPORTANT TECHNICES(CONTINUED…) • Buffer Overflow • Cryptography • Hacking Wireless Networks • SNIFFING • Trojan horse
- 17. OTHER IMPORTANT TECHNICES(CONTINUED…) • Viruses and Worms • Hacking Web Applications • Hacking Mobile Platforms