Docker is a tool that allows applications to run in isolated containers to make them portable and consistent across environments. It provides benefits like easy developer onboarding, eliminating application conflicts, and consistent deployments. Docker tools include the Docker Engine, Docker Client, Docker Compose, and Docker Hub. Key concepts are images which are templates for containers, and containers which are where the code runs based on an image. The document outlines how to build custom images from Dockerfiles, communicate between containers using linking or networks, and deploy containers using Docker Compose or in the cloud.
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