Introduction to first aid the basics
- 1. Introduction to first aid: the basics Stratford Upon Avon First Aid
- 2. Definitions of ‘first aid’ Stratford Upon Avon First Aid “Help given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available” “…provision of initial care for an illness or injury”
- 3. So what does this mean? Stratford Upon Avon First Aid First aid can be anything from putting on a plaster to saving someone’s life You don’t need formal first aid training to help someone in need
- 4. The aims of first aid Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Broadly, there are three main aims when administering first aid: ●Preserve life ●Prevent worsening of the condition (if possible) ●Promote recovery For example, applying a plaster is preventing the condition (a cut) from worsening by stopping infection! These aims are known as the ‘three Ps’
- 5. Roles of a first aider Stratford Upon Avon First Aid A first aider has various roles and responsibilities. They should: ● Manage the incident and ensure the continuing safety of themselves, bystanders and the casualty ● Assess casualties and find out the nature & cause of their injuries ● Arrange for further medical help or other emergency services to attend (e.g: the fire service) ● If trained, prioritise casualties based upon medical need ● Provide appropriate first aid treatment as trained ● If able, make notes/observations of casualties ● Fill out any paperwork as required ● Provide a handover when further medical help arrives
- 6. Calling for emergency help (1) Stratford Upon Avon First Aid In many first aid situations, help from the emergency services may be required. Ensure you know which number to call! ●United Kingdom: 999 ●United States: 911 ●European Union: 112 ●Other countries: sccfd.org/travel.html
- 7. Calling for emergency help (2) Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Give clear, precise information about ●The location of the incident ●The number of casualties / people involved ●The nature of their injuries ●In some cases, their age ●Any hazards at the incident (e.g: spilt fuel, fire, electricity) If the area is remote/difficult to access, consider sending someone to meet the emergency services
- 8. Managing an incident Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Always be aware of potential dangers at an incident (e.g: traffic, fire, electricity). Never put yourself or other bystanders in danger YOU are the most important person If the incident is too dangerous to approach, stay back and call for emergency help
- 9. Exercise: incident management Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Think about the photo on the next slide (either individually or in groups) Take a few minutes to discuss: 1) How would you manage this incident? 2) What dangers are present or could be present? 3) What should your first action be?
- 10. Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Exercise: incident management
- 11. Basic infection control Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Various diseases can be transmitted via blood and body fluids (for example HIV and Hepatitis B & C) If possible, always wear disposable latex/nitrile gloves when dealing with bodily fluids HOWEVER: This is not always practical! You can improvise and use anything to create a barrier. e.g: a plastic carrier bag Ensure any cuts/open injuries to your hands are covered with waterproof plasters or dressings. Wash your hands with soap and warm water whenever possible
- 12. Handwashing Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Alcohol handrub / handgel can be used if running water is not immediately available